T or F: The cardiovascular system is the study of the organs of the body.
False- it is the study of the heart, blood and vessels.
T or F: The
... [Show More] tough, thick sac that encloses the heart and anchors it to the diagram is the pericardium.
True
T or F: The abdominal cavity contains the heart.
False- pericardial cavity inside the thoracic cavity
Which layer of the heart is continuous with the blood vessels linings?
Endocardium
T or F: The left ventricle faces anteriorly, towards the sternum.
False- the right ventricle faces anteriorly (closest to the sternum).
Describe the location of the heart to the diaphragm.
The diaphragm is located inferior to the heart. (The heart is located superior to the diaphragm.)
The two upper chambers of the heart are called_____________.
Atria
The two lower chambers of the heart are called _______________.
Ventricles
What is the purpose of the fossa ovalis in a fetus?
It allows fetal blood to move directly from right to left atrium, bypassing he undeveloped lungs. The fossa ovalis closes during birth so that the lungs can receive oxygen once the baby is born.
Label all heart chambers and valves.
What is the purpose of the mitral valve?
The mitral valve (bicuspid) controls the flow of blood from the left atrium into the left ventricle.
What is the purpose of veins?
Veins carry blood back to the heart.
True or False: Veins are primarily responsible for the vessel's ability to control peripheral resistance.
False- the arterioles.
How does the contraction and relaxation of the arterioles help to control blood pressure?
Contracting the arterioles increases the blood pressure through decreasing the available volume. Relaxation of the arterioles decreases blood pressure as the volume increases.
What does compliance mean?
Stretch with little recoil.
What are the three layers of a vessel?
Tunica externa (superficial), tunica media, tunica intima (closest to the lumen)
True or false: Only arteries contain a tunica media.
False- all vessels contain three layers but in differing proportions.
Capillaries are interconnected to form _____________.
Capillary beds
Label all the blood vessels which supply blood to the heart. It is required for you to recognize the orientation of the heart in the picture. For example, what is the artery highlighted in blue in the figure below?
Left coronary artery
The aortic arch becomes the __________as it moves inferiorly.
descending aorta
What are the three branches off the aortic arch?
Brachiocephalic trunk (right), left common carotid, left subclavian
Label all major branches to/from the heart.
What is unique about the Circle of Willis?
The Circle of Willis has a unique feature of providing alternate circulation in case one of the arteries becomes blocked.
Know general location of Circle of Willis in relation to its position in the brain.
Label all vessels of the Circle of Willis circulation. For example, what vessel is highlighted in blue below?
Internal carotid (left) [Show Less]