Jean Piaget proposed the theory of
cognitive developmental theory
Erikson proposed the theory of
psychosocial
... [Show More] theory
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Freud proposed the theory of
psychoanalytical or psychosexual theory
Vygotsky proposed the theory of
sociocultural cognitive theory; emphasis on culture and social interaction
lifelong development states that
no age period dominates development
multidimensional development states that
there are many components to development; includes how the body, mind, emotions, and relationships change and affect each other
co-constructional development states that
development involves biological, cultural, and individual factors
plastic development states that
there is CAPACITY TO CHANGE
contextual development states that
settings matter; development occurs within families, schools, peer groups, neighbors etc
multidirectional development states that
some dimensions of development expand and shrink
i.e. relationships with peers expand in teen years and relationships with family shrink
Operant conditioning (Skinner)
rewards and punishments shape development
Observational learning
part of Bandura's social cognitive model; learning occurs by observing others
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trust v mistrust
0-1 y
autonomy v shame/doubt
1-3y
initiative v guilt
3-5y
industry v inferiority
6-puberty
identity v role confusion
10-20
intimacy v isolation
20s,30s
generativity v stagnation
40s, 50s
integrity v despair
60s, onward
communicative behavior in chronological order
crying, cooing, babbling, gestures, spoken words
crying
birth to 2 months
cooing
2-4 months
babbling
6 months
gestures
7-15 months
spoken words
13-18 months
during which period of prenatal development do the connections form between neurons
fetal period
Tay-Sachs diseases
genetic condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of lipids in the nervous system which leads to a decel of mental and physical development
when does object permanence occur
around 4-7 months
evolutionary psychology theory states that
states that adaptation to physical differences led to the psychological differences between males and females
middle childhood growth in terms of height
height increases by 2-3 inches per year
seriation (in Piaget's concrete operational stage)
the concrete operation that involves ordering stimuli along a quantitative dimension (like length)
Sternberg's Triarchic theory
theory of intelligence that states that intelligence comes in three forms:
analytical, creative, and practical
mindsets can be either fixed or growth; describe each
fixed mindset = the mindset that qualities are carved in stone and cannot be changed
growth mindset = the mindset that qualities can be changed and improved through their effort
Kohlberg's theory
cognitive developmental theory of moral development
which hormone is dominant in female pubertal development
estradiol
personal fable
when adolescents think that their experiences are only unique to them --> creates their feelings of invincibility
Seattle Longitudinal Study states that
number manipulation and perceptual speed abilities decrease as we age
activity theory
the theory that the more active and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives
how do middle aged adults view death
think about how much time they have left
Klinefelter syndrome
genetic disorder in males with an extra X chromosome (XXY)
when is fetal movement felt
4 months roughly
sickle cell anemia is most common in
african americans
what stage of childbirth is usually the longest
the first stage of childbirth [Show Less]