Final Exam: NR507/ NR 507 (2023/ 2024 New Update) Advanced Pathophysiology Review|Week 5-8|Complete Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| 100%
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pre-quiz Renal Calculi
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QUESTION
Renal stones are formed when calcium and oxalate in the urine combine. True
False
Answer:
True
QUESTION
The most common type of stone is: Uric acid stone.
Cysteine stone. Calcium stone.
Struvite stone.
Answer:
Calcium stone.
QUESTION
The type of stone that forms due to a urinary tract infection is: Struvite stone.
Cysteine stone. Uric acid stone.
Calcium Stone.
Answer:
Struvite stone
QUESTION
The gold standard for diagnosing a renal stone is a urinalysis. True
False
Answer:
False
QUESTION
Renal calculi are typically confined to the bladder. True
False
Answer:
False
QUESTION
Pathophysiology of Renal Calculi
1. Normally, there should not be stone formation in the urine. Our urine actually has
2. Urine contains calcium and oxalate. When the calcium and oxalate combine
3. Individuals get kidneys stone due to
Answer:
1.inhibitors to prevent stone formation. These include citrate and magnesium.
2.it forms a stone. Citrate and magnesium will prevent the formation
3a. lack of water ingestion
3b. by increase of particles or solutes in the urine
3c. by decreased stone inhibitors present in the urine.
QUESTION
1. Stones that are <0.5 cm
2. Stones that are > 1.0 cm are likely
3. The most common sites of stone obstruction include:
Answer:
1.pass urine to be eliminated without difficulty
2.to cause an obstruction.
3.ureteropelvic junction, intersection of ureter and iliac vessels, and t ureterovesicular junction (most
common)
QUESTION
Types of Kidney Stones
Calcium stones
1. This is the
2. forms from either
3. individual presents with
4. Treatment involves prescribing
Struvite stones
5. occurs due to a
6. Urine presents with
7. Another name for this stone is
Answer:
1.most common type of stone.
2.calcium and oxalate or calcium and phosphate. In some cases, ind form both
3.excess calcium in the urine (hypercalciuria)
4.a thiazide diuretic to excrete urinary calcium.
5.UTI, most often by proteus, klebsiella and serratia and enterobacter species
6.Ammonia -Urea, in the presence of urease converts to ammonia and a byproduct of
CO2.makes the urine alkaline
7.the Staghorn stone. (has horn-like structures) It obstructs the renal calyx. [Show Less]