Ethics
Morals, how on lives one's life, right or wrong
Metaphysics
What sort of things exist and how they work
Epistemology
What is
... [Show More] genuine knowledge? (faith)
Logic
Reasoning
Optimism
Everything is the best and will turn out well
Pessimism
Everything is the worst and will turn out badly
Skepticism
A tendency to doubt what people say
Cynicism
The belief that human actions are insincere, dout human goodness, humans are motivated by self interest
Realism
"is" vs. "should be", uses common sense, practical and sensible
Idealism
"should be" vs. "is", in the pursuit of perfection
Deism
Belief in God and gods, faith in higher power, a god set the universe in motion, but doesn't interfere in human life
Theism
A belief in God or gods, pray to God or gods, something bigger than us is out there, the God or gods interfere with human life
Atheism
The belief that no god or gods exist
Agnosticism
The belief that it is impossible to know whether or not there is a god or gods, doesn't care
Nihilism
The belief that human life is worthless
Hedonism
The belief that life is meant for pleasure, pleasure is the highest truth
Relativism
The belief that concepts such as right or wrong, good or bad, are not absolute, they change from culture to culture and situation to situation, moral principles change with changing conditions
A vegetarian eating meat so not to offend the hostess.
Absolutism
The belief that values and morals do not change depending on situations
Objectivism
The belief that moral truths or knowledgeis gained through facts, the senses. "what you see is what you get"
Solipcism
Reality is in the mind, the belief that the only someone can be sure of is hiself or herself, true knowledge of anything else cannot be proven and doesn't exist
Materialism
The theory or belief that physical matter is the only reality, and that emotions, reason, and desire can all be explained as physical functions, physics, and chemical reactions, humans have no souls
Stoicism
The belief that emotions and passions miscontrue life's truths, we should be content, because all that happens was fated to happen, self control and strength help detach one from one's emotions
Determinism
The belief that life is predetermined, fate, no free will exists because everything has been deterrmined in advance
Existentialism
The belief that humans create their own meaning, human take responsibility for their own actions, free will is all we have, the belief that we can figure out who we want to be, and what our place is in the world. "who am I" [Show Less]