pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER the study of what the BODY does to the drug
pharmacodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER the study of what the DRUG does to the
... [Show More] body
First pass effect- - CORRECT ANSWER the drug being metabolized by the liver
bioavailablility - CORRECT ANSWER the amount of the drug that is actually available after
being metabolized
protein binding - CORRECT ANSWER drug needing to bind to protein inorder to move through
out the body
peak - CORRECT ANSWER the time it takes for the drug to reach its maximum therapeutic
response
onset - CORRECT ANSWER the time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response
duration - CORRECT ANSWER the time a drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic
response without giving additional doses
half life - CORRECT ANSWER the time it takes for one half of the original amount of drug to
leave the body(measure of rate fo the drug leaving the body)
therapeutic index - CORRECT ANSWER lethal dose divided by therapeutic dose
trough - CORRECT ANSWER lowest blood level
peak level - CORRECT ANSWER highest blood level
agonist - CORRECT ANSWER drug binds to the receptor and there is a response
antagonist - CORRECT ANSWER drug binds to the receptor but there is no response,
*antagonist prevent agonist to bind to receptors(attach but dont activate)
acute therapy - CORRECT ANSWER examples: allergic reaction, someone who is coding
maintenance therapy - CORRECT ANSWER wont cure but it will prevent complications
ex) BP meds, insulin
supplemental therapy - CORRECT ANSWER hormones, vitamins, insulin
palliative therapy - CORRECT ANSWER providing utmost comfort for patient near death
supportive therapy - CORRECT ANSWER maintains the integrity of body functions while the
patient is recovering from illness or trauma.
ex) provision of fluid while electrolytes to prevent dehydration in a patient with influenza who is
vomiting and has diarrhea, and administration of fluids, volume expanders, or blood products to
a patient who has lost blood during surgery
prophylactic therapy - CORRECT ANSWER prevention
empiric therapy - CORRECT ANSWER based on clinical probabilities. it involves drug
administration when a certain pathologic condition has an uncertain but high likelihood of
occurrence based on patients initial presenting symptoms.
ex)common: use of antibiotics active against the organism most commonly associated with a
specific infection before the results of the culture and sensitivity reports are available
additive effect - CORRECT ANSWER combining 2 meds to reduce the dosage of another
synergistic effect - CORRECT ANSWER drug interactions that make the effect of a combination
of drugs similar actions greater than just one
antagonistic - CORRECT ANSWER a drug that binds to and inhibits the activity of 1 or more
receptors in the body.
AKA inhibitors
incompatibility - CORRECT ANSWER the characteristic that causes two parenteral drugs or
solutions to undergo a reaction when mixed or given together that results in the chemical
deterioration of at least one of the drugs
macrolides "thromycin" - CORRECT ANSWER prevent protein synthesis within bacterial cells
both bacteriostatic and bactericidal
"thromycin" indication - CORRECT ANSWER strep infections
mild-moderate URI and LRI
syphilis and lyme disease, gonorrhea, chlamydia, mycoplasma,
clarithromycin combination with omeprazole: active ulcer disease associated with H.pylori
"thromycin" adverse effects - CORRECT ANSWER GI effects, primarily with erythromycin
N/V, diarrhea, hepatotoxicity, flatulence, jaundice, anorexia
azithromycin and clarithromycin: fewer GI adverse effects, longer duration of action, better
efficacy, better tissue penetration
"thromycin" nursing implications - CORRECT ANSWER highly protein bound: severe
interactions with other protein bound drugs
high incidence of GI upset, many drugs are taken after a meal or snack
"cyclines" - CORRECT ANSWER bacteriostatic
bind to Ca+ and Mg+ and Al+ ions to form insoluble complexes
*dairy products, antacids, and iron salts reduce oral absorption
"cycline" indications - CORRECT ANSWER wide spectrum
gram- and gram+, protozoa, mycoplasma, rickettsia, chlamydia, lyme disease,acne, others
"cycline" adverse effects - CORRECT ANSWER strong affinity to calcium
discoloration of teeth and tooth eneamel in fetus and children. or nursing infants
may retard skeletal development if taken during pregnancy
alterations in intestinal flora may result in:
superinfection, diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis, vaginal candidiasis, gastric upset,
enterocolitis, maculopapular rash [Show Less]