Name the five/six essential nutrients - correct answer carbs, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
The major source of energy for the body is -
... [Show More] correct answer carbs
carbs provide ____________ Kcalories per 1 gram - correct answer 4
Sucrose is a sugar found in ____________ and _____________. - correct answer fruits, veggies
Lactose is a sugar found in ? - correct answer milk
What is glycogen? - correct answer It is a stored formed of glucose/energy manufactured by the liver
Is glycogen eaten in foods? - correct answer NO! It is a stored form of glucose MANUFACTURED by the liver.
When the body does not receive enough carbs it burns ___________ and _____________. - correct answer protein, fat
The most concentrated source of energy for the body is ___________. - correct answer fats
Fats provide ___________ Kcalories per 1 gram. - correct answer 9
Fats carry vitamins - correct answer A,D,E,K (Remember FADE K!)
The nutrient needed most for growth and repair of tissues is _____________. - correct answer protein (second best is Vit C)
Proteins provide __________ Kcalories per 1 gram. - correct answer 4
Vitamins and minerals provide energy for the body. (T/F) - correct answer False- they are necessary for a body's chemical reactions.
Water is present in ALL body tissues. (T/F) - correct answer True (even bone)
Water accounts for ________ to ___________% of an adult's total weight? - correct answer 50 to 60%
Name the four basic food groups - correct answer Milk & Cheese, Meat & Legumes, Veggies & Fruits, Bread & Cereal
Water acounts for __________ to _________% of an infant's total weight? - correct answer 70 to 75%
An individual is overweight if they are ________% above the ideal weight. - correct answer 10
An individual is obese if they weigh ________% above the ideal weight. - correct answer 20
What solution and material are used to cleanse the eyes of an infant? - correct answer Plain water, cotton balls, washcloths
Can you use cotton swabs to clean the eyes, nares or ears of an infant? - correct answer No, this is dangerous
Can you use the same cotton ball/washcloth edge for both eyes? - correct answer No, it would cross contaminate
Should you cover an unhealed umbilical site with the diaper? - correct answer No, fold the diaper down.
What temperature is appropriate for the water used to bathe an infant? - correct answer 100 to 105
What is the #1 purpose of a tepid sponge bath? - correct answer Lower body temperature during fever.
How should the temperature of the water be tested if no thermometer is available? - correct answer Dropping water on inside surface of your forearm.
With which body part do you begin when bathing an infant? - correct answer Eyes always
When cleansing an infant's eye, cleanse from outer to inner canthus? - correct answer No, inner to outer
Should you retract the foreskin of a 5 week old male, uncircumcised infant to cleanse the area? - correct answer No, not until foreskin retracts naturally and without resistance- then it should be retracted, cleansed and replaced.
When sponge-bathing with tepid water the correct temp is _____________. - correct answer 98.6 F
How long does it take for the umbilical stump to fall off? - correct answer 7 to 14 days
The primary reason why an infant is draped during the bath is to provide privacy. (T/F) - correct answer False, the primary purpose of draping is to prevent chilling.
You may use friction to remove vernix caseosa from an infant's skin. (T/F) - correct answer False, it causes damage/bruising
What solution is commonly used for care of umbilical cord? - correct answer 70% alcohol to promote drying (trend is toward soap and water)
What cranial nerve is affected in Bell's Palsy? - correct answer #7, facial nerve
What is the #1 symptom of Bell's Palsy? - correct answer One sided (unilateral) facial paralysis
Complete recovery from the paralysis of Bell's Palsy should occur in _______ to ______ months. - correct answer 4 to 6
In addition to the facial paralysis, the sense of ______ is also affected. - correct answer taste
Will the patient be able to close their eye on the affected side? - correct answer no
Give three eye interventions for the client with Bell's Palsy. - correct answer Dark glasses, artificial tears, cover eye at night
As the prostate enlarges it compresses the ___________ and causes urinary ________. - correct answer Urethra, rentention
At what age does BPH occur? - correct answer men over 50 years of age
What does BPH stand for? - correct answer Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
IN BPH the man has (increased/decreased) frequency of urination - correct answer increased
In BPH the force of the urinary stream is (increased/decreased). - correct answer decreased
The man with BPH has a _________-stream of urine - correct answer forked
The man with BPH has hesitancey. What does this mean? - correct answer Difficulty starting to void
Will the man with BPH have enuresis, nocturia or hematuria? - correct answer Enuresis-No, Nocturia-Yes, and Hematuria-Maybe
Enuresis - correct answer inability to control the flow of urine and involuntary urination
What is the best way to screen men for BPH? - correct answer Digital rectal exam
Should fluids be forced or restricted in BPH? - correct answer forced
What does TURP stand for? - correct answer Transurethral resection of the prostate
The most radical prostate surgery is the ____________ prostatectomy. - correct answer Perineal
What type of diet is used in BPH? - correct answer Acid Ash
Acid Ash diet - correct answer Decrease pH (makes urine acid)
Chz, eggs, Meat, fish, oysters, poultry, Bread, Cereal, Whole Grains, Pastries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums, Tomatoes, Peas, Corn, Legumes.
What is the primary purpose of a 3 way continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) after TURP? - correct answer To keep the catheter clear of clots and to drain urine
What solution is used for CBI? - correct answer Normal saline (0.9 NaCl)
How fast do you run the CBI? - correct answer At whatever rate it takes to keep the urine flowing and free of clots
What drug is use to treat bladder spasm? - correct answer B&O suppositories (Belladonna & Opiates)
Should you take a rectal temp after prostatectomy? Give stool softeners? - correct answer No rectal temperatures, yes stool softeners
You should call the MD after TURP when you see _________ thick ________, _____________ clots, and ____________ urine drainage on the dressing. - correct answer Bright thick blood, persistent clots, persistent urine on dressing (don't call MD for transitory clots and urine on dressing.)
If you see an increase in blood content of urine coming out of the catheter, you would first ___________. - correct answer Pull carefully on the catheter to apply local pressure on the prostate with the Foley balloon.
If you see clots in the tubing you would first ____________. - correct answer Increase the flow-rate.
What exercises should the post prostectomy patient do upon discharge? Why? - correct answer Perineal exercises, start and stop stream of urine, because dribbling is a common but temporary problem post op
Will the post prostectomy patient be impotent? - correct answer If TURP, no impotence, if perineal prostatectomy, yes impotence
How often should the drainage bag be emptied? - correct answer Every 8 hours
What is the most common problem due to catheterization? - correct answer UTI
What is the most common organism to cause UTI with catheterization? - correct answer E. coli
What is the most common route for organisms to enter the blader when a catheterization is used? - correct answer Up through the inside of the catheter in the days following catheterization
Name foods that make acid urine - correct answer Cranberry juice, apple juice (avoid citrus juices- they make alkaline urine)
What is important about the level of the urinary drainage bag? - correct answer Never have the bag at a higher level than the bladder.
How is the catheter taped in a male client? - correct answer To the lateral thigh or abdomen
How is the catheter taped in a female client? - correct answer To the upper thigh
What urinary pH prevents UTI? - correct answer Acidity, low pH
Should the drainage bag ever touch the floor? - correct answer No
Is it ok to routinely irrigate indwelling catheters? - correct answer No
What agents are best for catheter care? - correct answer Soap and water
What is the most effective way to decrease UTI with catheters? - correct answer Keep the drainage system closed, do not disconnect junction of tubing
Give some signs of infection in a Foley catheter - correct answer Cloudy urine, foul smelling urine, hematuria
Is urinary incontinence an indication for catheterization? - correct answer No
Give three appropriate indications for bladder catheterization? - correct answer Urinary retention, to check for residual, to monitor hourly output
What are the top 2 diagnoses for a client with a catheter? Which is #1? - correct answer #1- Potential for infection; Potential impairment of urethral tissue integrity
What is systole? - correct answer The MAXIMAL force of blood on artery walls
What is diastole? - correct answer The LOWEST force of blood on artery walls
Accurate blood pressure is obtained by using a cuff that has width of __________ of the arm. - correct answer Two-thirds
Which artery is most commonly used to measure blood pressure? - correct answer Brachial
Can the thigh EVER be used to obtain a blood pressure? - correct answer Yes, but this is rare.
When pressure is auscultated the first sound heard is the ____________ measurement. - correct answer Systolic
The change in the character of the sounds is known as the ________ - correct answer First diastolic sound
The cessation of sounds is known as the _________ - correct answer Second diastolic sound
When 2 values are given in a blood pressure the first is the __________measurement. - correct answer Systolic
When 2 values are given in a blood pressue, the bottom number stands for the change in sounds or cessation of sounds? - correct answer Cessation of sounds
What is the normal adult blood pressure? - correct answer 120/80
Abnromally high blood pressure is called____________. - correct answer Hypertension
What is the pulse pressure? - correct answer The difference between the systolic and the diastolic blood pressure
If you deflate a cuff TOO SLOWLY, the reading will be too high or low? Why? - correct answer High, venous congestion makes the arterial pressure higher (increases resistance)
If you use too narrow of a cuff the reading will be too high or low? - correct answer High
Vasoconstriction will ___________ blood pressure. - correct answer Increase
Vasodilation will ____________ blood pressure. - correct answer Decrease
Shock will ___________ blood pressure. - correct answer Decrease
Increased intracranial pressure will _________ the pulse pressure. - correct answer Increase or Widen
If my blood pressure is 190/110, what is my pulse pressure? - correct answer 80 mmHg
What blood test must be done before a transfusion? - correct answer Type and cross match
What does a type and cross match indicate? - correct answer Whether the client's blood and donor blood are compatible.
What should the nurse measure before starting a transfusion? - correct answer Vital signs
With what solution should blood be transfused? - correct answer 0.9 normal saline
How many nurses are requried to check the blood? - correct answer 2 nurses
What happens when blood is administered with Dextrose IVs? - correct answer The cells clump together & don't flow well
If a transfusion reaction occurs what should the nurse do first? - correct answer Stop the blood flow & start running the saline
How long can a unit of blood be on the unit before it must be started? - correct answer Less than 1/2 hour
What should the nurse do with the IV line if transfusion reaction is suspected? - correct answer Keep it open with saline
If a transfusion reaction is suspected, what two samples are collected and sent to the lab? - correct answer Urine & blood
If a unit of blood is infused through a central line it must be__________. - correct answer Warmed
Which of the following are signs of transfusion reaction? Bradycardia, Fever, Hives, Wheezing,
Increased Blood Pressure, Low Back Pain - correct answer Low back pain, wheezing, fever, hives
What are three types of transfusion reactions that can occur? - correct answer Hemolytic, febrile, allergic
What would you do first if you suspected transfusion reaction? - correct answer Stop the blood and start the saline
What are the signs and symptoms of a hemolytic transfusion reaction? - correct answer Shivering, HA, low back pain, increased pulse & respirations, decreasing BP, oliguria, hematuria
What are the signs and symptoms of a febrile transfusion reaction? - correct answer Low back pain, shaking HA, increasing temperature, confusion, hemoptysis
What are the signs of symptoms of an allergic reaction to a transfusion? - correct answer Hives- uticaria, wheezing, pruritus, joint pain, (arthralgia)
Give three reasons for a blood transfusion - correct answer Restore blood volume secondary to hemorrhage, maintain hemoglobin in anemia, replace specific blood components
What does blood-typing mean? - correct answer Check for surface antigen on the red blood cell
When does typing and cross matching need to be done? - correct answer Whenever a client is to get a blood product. It is only good for 24 hours.
What does blood cross matching mean? - correct answer Mixing a little of the client's blood with the donor blood and looking for agglutination.
When are hemolytic transfusion reactions likely to occur? - correct answer In the first 10 to 15 minutes
When is a febrile reaction likely to occur? - correct answer Within 30 minutes of beginning the transfusion
What test identifies Rh factor? - correct answer Coombs test detects antibodies to Rh
What is the difference between whole blood and packed cells? - correct answer Packed cells don't have nearly as much plasma or volume as whole blood does
What would you do if the client had an increasing temperature and was to get blood? - correct answer Call the MD because blood is often held with an elevated temperature
How long should it take for one unit of blood to infuse? - correct answer From one hour to three hours
How long should you stay with the patient after beginning a transfusion? - correct answer At least 15 to 30 minutes
What blood type is the universal recipient? - correct answer AB
What blood type is the universal donor? - correct answer O
What is the routine for vital sign measurement with a transfusion? - correct answer Once before administration [Show Less]