Nurses caring for patients in health care facilities need to provide culturally competent care to an increasingly diverse population. Which statements
... [Show More] accurately describe a characteristic of cultural diversity that exists in the United States? Select all that apply.
The United States has become less inclusive of same-sex couples.
Cultural diversity is limited to people of varying cultures and races.
Cultural diversity is separate and distinct from health and illness.
Individuals may be members of multiple cultural groups at one time
Culture guides what is acceptable behavior for people in a specific group.
Cultural practices may evolve over time but mainly remain constant. - correct answer d, e, f
Each individual may be a member of multiple cultural, ethnic, and racial groups at one time. Culture guides what is acceptable behavior for people in a specific group. Cultural practices and beliefs may evolve over time, but they mainly remain constant as long as they satisfy a group's needs. The United States has become more inclusive of same-sex couples. The definition of cultural diversity includes, but is not limited to, people of varying cultures, racial and ethnic origin, religion, language, physical size, gender, sexual orientation, age, disability, socioeconomic status, occupational status, and geographic location. Cultural diversity, including culture, ethnicity, and race, is an integral component of both health and illness.
In order to provide culturally competent care, nurses must be alert to factors inhibiting sensitivity to diversity in the health care system, including cultural imposition. Which examples exemplify cultural imposition? Select all that apply.
a) A hospital nurse tells a nurse's aide that patients should not be given a choice whether or not to shower or bathe daily.
b) A nurse treats all patients the same whether or not they come from a different culture.
c) A nurse tells another nurse that Jewish diet restrictions are just a way for them to get a special tray of their favorite foods.
d)A Catholic nurse insists that a patient diagnosed with terminal bladder cancer see the chaplain in residence.
e) A nurse directs interview questions to an elderly patient's daughter even though the patient is capable of answering them.
f) A nurse refuses to care for a married gay man who is HIV positive because she is against same-sex marriage. - correct answer a, d
Cultural imposition occurs when a hospital nurse tells a nurse's aide that patients should not be given a choice whether or not to shower or bathe daily and when a Catholic nurse insists that a patient diagnosed with terminal bladder cancer see the chaplain in residence. Cultural blindness occurs when a nurse treats all patients the same whether or not they come from a different culture. Cultural conflict occurs when a nurse ridicules a patient by telling another nurse that Jewish diet restrictions are just a way for Jewish patients to get a special tray of their favorite foods. When a nurse refuses to respect an elderly person's ability to speak for oneself, or if the nurse refuses to treat a patient based on that patient's sexual orientation, the nurse is engaging in stereotyping.
A nurse caring for culturally diverse patients in a physician's office is aware that patients of certain cultures are more prone to specific disease states than the general population.which patients would the nurse screen for diabetes mellitus based on the patient's race? Select all that apply.
a) A Native American patient
b) An African American patient
c) A Pacific Island patient
d) An Asian patient
e) A White patient
f) A Hispanic patient - correct answer a, e, f
Native Americans, Hispanics, and Whites are more prone to developing diabetes mellitus. African Americans are prone to hypertension, stroke, sickle cell anemia, lactose intolerance, and keloids. Asians and Pacific Islanders are prone to hypertension, liver cancer, thalassemia, and lactose intolerance.
A nurse is providing nutritional counseling to culturally diverse patients with dietary restrictions. Which statement accurately describes a dietary concern based on a specific culture?
a) Many Native Americans follow a diet that is alcohol- and pork-free.
b) Many White Americans have a diet that is high in starch.
c) Asians often eat a diet that is high in salt.
d) Muslims may have special diets based on the hot/cold theory of treating illness. - correct answer c
The Asian diet is often high in salt due to cooking with soy sauce. Many Muslims follow a halal diet that is free of alcohol, pork, and pork products. Hispanics often have a diet that is high in starch. Hispanics also may practice the hot/cold theory of treating illness and require a special diet.
The nurse practitioner sees patients in a community clinic that is located in a predominately White neighborhood. After performing assessments on the majority of the patients visiting the clinic, the nurse notes that many of the minority groups living within the neighborhood have lost the cultural characteristics that made them different. What is the term for this process?
a) cultural assimilation
b) cultural imposition
c) culture shock
d) ethnocentrism - correct answer a
When minority groups live within a dominant group, many members lose the cultural characteristics that once made them different in a process called assimilation. Cultural imposition occurs when one person believes that everyone should conform to his or her own belief system. Culture shock occurs when a person is placed in a different culture perceived as strange, and ethnocentrism is the belief that the ideas, beliefs, and practices of one's own cultural group are best, superior, or most preferred to those of other groups.
A nurse states, "That woman is 78 years old—too old to learn how to change a dressing." What is the nurse demonstrating?
a) cultural imposition
b) clustering
c) cultural competency
d) stereotyping - correct answer d
stereotyping is assuming that all members of a group are alike
A young Hispanic mother comes to the local clinic because her baby is sick. She speaks only Spanish and the nurse speaks only English. What should the nurse do?
a) Use short words and talk more loudly
b) Ask an interpreter for help
c) Explain why care can't be provided
d) Provide instructions in writing - correct answer b
Many agencies have a qualified interpreter who understands the health care system and can reliably provide assistance.
A nurse is interviewing a newly admitted patient. Which question would be considered culturally sensitive?
a) "Do you think you will be able to eat the food we have here?"
b) "Do you understand that we can't prepare special meals?"
c) "What types of food do you eat for meals?"
d) "Why can't you just eat our food while you are here?" - correct answer c
asking patients what types of food they eat for meals is culturally sensitive
A nurse is telling a new mother from Africa that she shouldn't carry her baby in a sling created from a large rectangular cloth. The African woman tells the nurse that everyone in Mozambique carries babies this way. The nurse believes that bassinets are safer for infants. What term best describes what the nurse is doing?
a) cultural imposition
b) clustering
c) cultural competency
d) stereotyping - correct answer a
The nurse is trying to impose her belief that bassinets are preferable to baby slings on the African mother—in spite of the fact that African women have safely carried babies in these slings for years.
A nurse is teaching a novice nurse how to provide culturally competent care to patients in a culturally diverse community health clinic. Although all of the following are important to providing culturally competent nursing care, which one is most basic?
a) Learning the predominant language of the community
b) Obtaining significant information about the community
c) Treating each patient at the clinic as an individual
d) Recognizing the importance of the patient's family - correct answer c
In all aspects of nursing, it is important to treat each patient as an individual. This is also true in providing culturally competent care. This basic objective can be accomplished by learning the predominant language in the community, researching the patient's culture, and recognizing the influence of family on the patient's life.
White cultural factors - correct answer Family
-Nuclear family is highly valued.
- Elderly family members may live in a long-term care facility when they can no longer care for themselves.
Folk and Traditional Health Care
-Self-diagnosis of illnesses
-Use of over-the-counter drugs (especially vitamins and analgesics)
-Dieting (especially fad diets)
-Extensive use of exercise and exercise facilities
Values and Beliefs
-Youth is valued over age
-Cleanliness
-Orderliness
-Attractiveness
-Individualism
-Achievement
-Punctuality
Nursing Considerations
-Careful assessment of client's use of over-the-counter medications (observe for signs and symptoms of toxic medication levels, especially fat-soluble vitamins)
-Nutritional assessments of dietary habits
African American cultural factors - correct answer Family
-Close and supportive extended-family relationships
-Strong kinship ties with nonblood relatives from church or organizational and social groups
-Family unity, loyalty, and cooperation are important.
-Usually matriarchal
Folk and Traditional Health Care
-Varies extensively and may include spiritualists, herb doctors, root doctors, conjurers, skilled elder family members, voodoo, faith healing
Values and Beliefs
-Present oriented
-Members of the African American clergy are highly respected
-Frequently highly religious
Nursing Considerations
-Many African American families may still use various folk healing practices and home remedies for treating particular illnesses.
-Special care may be necessary for the hair and skin.
-Special consideration should be given to the sometimes extensive and frequently informal support networks of patients (e.g., religious and community group members who offer assistance in a time of need).
Asian cultural factors - correct answer Family
-welfare of family is valued above the person
-extended families common
-person's ancestors are respected
-sharing among family members is expected
Folk and Traditional Health Care
- Theoretical basis is in Taoism, which seeks a balance in all things
- proper balance of yin (feminine, negative, dark, cold) and yang (masculine, positive, light, warm)
-diseases and foods are classified as hot or cold and a proper balance between them will promote wellness
Values and Beliefs
- strong sense of self-respect and self-control [Show Less]