ABCTE Elementary Education Terms 208 Questions with Verified Answers
Acceleration - CORRECT ANSWER A change in velocity
Acute - CORRECT ANSWER An
... [Show More] angle measuring less than 90 degrees
Affix - CORRECT ANSWER A linguistic set of letters added to a word to affect its meaning. For example, the word decompression has two—the prefix de- (meaning to separate, to stop, to contradict, etc.) and the suffix -ion (meaning that the word refers to a condition or process).
Alfred Russell Wallace - CORRECT ANSWER British naturalist who crafted his theory of evolution independently but concurrently with Charles Darwin.
Allies - CORRECT ANSWER This term commonly refers to the US, Russian, Great Britain, and numerous other countries who opposed the Axis powers during World War II
Alphabetic principle - CORRECT ANSWER The idea that letters systematically represent spoken sounds
Ammonification - CORRECT ANSWER The production of ammonia when decomposition of organic matter occurs.
Analytic Phonics - CORRECT ANSWER Phonics instruction that uses known words to teach phonemes and their attendant graphemes
Anion - CORRECT ANSWER Atom or group of atoms with a negative electrical charge
Apartheid - CORRECT ANSWER means "separateness" in Afrikaans, and refers to the systematic division of black and white South Africans beginning in 1948.
Appositive - CORRECT ANSWER A noun used with another noun to provide further clarification or description. For example, "The writer Hemmingway made his home in Key West ."
Assimilation - CORRECT ANSWER The taking in of digested substances from food into the tissues.
Atom - CORRECT ANSWER Smallest particle of an element that retains its properties; smallest distinct unit of an element
Atomic bomb - CORRECT ANSWER A nuclear weapon. Two bombs of this type have been used militarily to date, both on Japanese cities at the end of World War II.
Atomic mass - CORRECT ANSWER Sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Automaticity - CORRECT ANSWER Speedy and accurate word identification at the single word level
Axis - CORRECT ANSWER This term commonly refers to Italy, Germany, Japan, and other countries who fought against the Allies during World War II.
Balances - CORRECT ANSWER A weighing device with a rigid beam and counterweight
Barter - CORRECT ANSWER To trade goods or services (money is not involved)
Base angles - CORRECT ANSWER In an isosceles triangle, the two angles opposite the two congruent sides.
Black Codes - CORRECT ANSWER usually refers to the laws passed in the South after the Civil War to regulate the freedom of former slaves; in a larger sense, the term can apply to all laws (North and South) that affected slaves and former slaves.
Bolsheviks - CORRECT ANSWER means "majority" in Russian, and this term refers to the Marxist party that seized power in Russia in 1917. They were led by Vladimir Lenin.
Buddha - CORRECT ANSWER The founder of the Buddhist religion. An Indian spiritual teacher of the sixth century, his given name was a Siddharta. The word "buddha" means "awakened one."
Bunsen burner - CORRECT ANSWER A very small laboratory burner that produces a hot flame from a mixture of air and gas taken in at its base.
Calorimeter - CORRECT ANSWER A tool for measuring heat given off by a chemical reaction or change of state.
Carbon - CORRECT ANSWER A plentiful nonmetallic element that occurs in many inorganic and in all organic compounds.
Chemical Property - CORRECT ANSWER characteristic of a substance that can be observed when it undergoes a chemical reaction.
Chemistry - CORRECT ANSWER Branch of science that studies the elements and the interactions of atoms
Chromosome - CORRECT ANSWER A strand of DNA in bacteria that contains the hereditary information necessary for cell life.
Circumference - CORRECT ANSWER The boundary line of a circle.
Colorimeter - CORRECT ANSWER An instrument used to determine or specify colors.
Commodity - CORRECT ANSWER Something useful that can be turned to commercial advantage.
Common denominator - CORRECT ANSWER A number into which all the denominators of a set of fractions can be divided.
Compass - CORRECT ANSWER A vee-shaped device for creating circles or arcs. Also used for taking measurements.
Compound - CORRECT ANSWER Two or more elements chemically bonded together to form a new substance with new properties.
Compound word - CORRECT ANSWER A word that consists of two or more elements that are independent words, such as loudspeaker.
Concluding statement - CORRECT ANSWER The sentence that ends a paragraph and summarizes or restates the theme or message of the paragraph.
Conduction - CORRECT ANSWER The movement of something through a medium without perceptible movement in the medium itself.
Confucianism - CORRECT ANSWER A Chinese social philosophy promoted by the Chinese thinker Confucius (fourth century BC).
Confucius - CORRECT ANSWER A sixth century Chinese sage who emphasized morality, justice, and sincerity. His body of teachings is commonly known as Confucianism.
Congruent - CORRECT ANSWER Two (or more) figures are congruent if they coincide exactly when superimposed.
Connected Text - CORRECT ANSWER Text read by an emerging reader as they learn to put words together in a more fluid fashion (as opposed to reading words as if they were simply a list).
Conquistadors - CORRECT ANSWER Spanish explorers and soldiers who conquered American lands and empires in the name of Spain .
Consumers - CORRECT ANSWER In economics, the people or companies that purchase goods or services.
Control - CORRECT ANSWER A group used as a standard of comparison in an experiment.
Convection - CORRECT ANSWER The transfer of heat (through a gas or liquid) by circulating currents that move from one region to another.
Credit - CORRECT ANSWER The ability to borrow or to purchase goods and services with payment delayed beyond delivery.
Daoism - CORRECT ANSWER this ancient Chinese philosophy emphasizes an accord with nature and living a peaceful, harmonious life. Its founding is usually credited to Lao-tzu, who lived in the fourth century BC.
Decoding - CORRECT ANSWER Using knowledge of letter-sound relationships to understand written words.
Decomposition - CORRECT ANSWER The breaking down of organic materials.
Denitrification - CORRECT ANSWER The removal of nitrogen from a compound.
Digraph - CORRECT ANSWER Two letters that combine to represent one phoneme, like ph.
Direct Object - CORRECT ANSWER A word or phrase that denotes the receiver of the action of a transitive verb. For example, "John hit the ball," or "Actually, he didn't really solve the problem."
Distribution - CORRECT ANSWER A set of numbers and how often they occur within a statistical population.
Dominance - CORRECT ANSWER The suppression of one trait and the expression of the other in the heterozygous condition.
Embedded phonics - CORRECT ANSWER A style of phonics instruction that teaches students phonemes as they encounter them in their reading. This method is widely considered less effective than explicit and systematic styles of phonics instruction.
Equilateral triangle - CORRECT ANSWER A triangle whose sides are all congruent.
Erosion - CORRECT ANSWER The wearing away of the Earth's surface by wind, water, and other means.
Etymology - CORRECT ANSWER The study of word origins and how usage and meaning have evolved.
Exchange rate - CORRECT ANSWER The price of one currency translated into the price of another. For example, the British pound may be worth two US dollars.
Exchange value - CORRECT ANSWER The price for which a good will trade in a given market.
Exocrine - CORRECT ANSWER Secreting externally (either ducts or skin).
Explicit - CORRECT ANSWER refers to a program of instruction that clearly lays out a plan to teach a carefully selected set of phonemes.
Exposition - CORRECT ANSWER The putting forth of meaning or intent.
Expression - CORRECT ANSWER In mathematics, a symbol (or combination of symbols) that represents a quantity.
Fluency - CORRECT ANSWER Reading with expression, speed, and accuracy
Force - CORRECT ANSWER A vector quantity that produces an acceleration of a body.
Free market - CORRECT ANSWER An economic system with no regulation on supply and demand.
Frequency - CORRECT ANSWER The number of repetitions per unit time of a complete waveform, as of an electric current.
George Patton - CORRECT ANSWER A key US Army general in World War II. He died from injuries sustained from a car accident in Germany in 1945.
Graduated cylinder - CORRECT ANSWER A container for liquid with a wider base gradually narrowing to the top and marked with a graded scale.
Grapheme - CORRECT ANSWER A letter (or group of letters) that represents a phoneme
Graphic organizers - CORRECT ANSWER Illustrations of concepts in texts; these diagrams can be maps, webs, graphs, or charts
Grapheme - CORRECT ANSWER A letter (or group of letters) that represents a phoneme
Gross domestic product - CORRECT ANSWER The value of all the goods and services produced within the borders of a nation.
Histogram - CORRECT ANSWER A bar graph of a distribution. The widths and the heights of the bars are used to give information about the variable(s) being described.
Holocaust - CORRECT ANSWER The systematic ethnic cleansing practiced by Nazis in the World War II era that claimed millions of lives. Some claims put the death toll at more than 25 million.
Humanism - CORRECT ANSWER An intellectual movement of the Renaissance, emphasized more secular concerns (as opposed to religious concerns). The movement's impetus came from the re-discovery of ancient Greek and Roman texts.
Immediate emancipation - CORRECT ANSWER Some citizens wanted an immediate end to slavery in the US —(in contrast to others who wanted a more gradual freeing of the slaves).
Independent reading level - CORRECT ANSWER the highest grade-equivalent level at which she can read with comprehension and accuracy.
Indirect object - CORRECT ANSWER An object indirectly affected by the action of a verb. For example, "Give me a kiss."
Indulgences - CORRECT ANSWER A certificate purchased from the Church to absolve the bearer of past sins.
Industrial Revolution - CORRECT ANSWER The late eighteenth-century movement toward extensive mechanization of production centered in Great Britain.
Inference - CORRECT ANSWER The act of making logical conclusions from known premises.
Isosceles triangle - CORRECT ANSWER A triangle with two congruent sides.
Kinesthetic - CORRECT ANSWER Relating to bodily movement
Kinetic energy - CORRECT ANSWER The energy possessed by a body because of its motion.
Leg - CORRECT ANSWER The two congruent sides of a isosceles triangle. Also, the two side of a right triangle that are not the hypotenuese.
Legalism - CORRECT ANSWER One of the main schools of thought in China in the second century BC; a rigid system of governing, calling for strict adherence to the ruler.
Linear function - CORRECT ANSWER A function that has a constant rate of change (it can be graphed as a straight line).
London Pact - CORRECT ANSWER A secret agreement that would bring Italy into the pre-existing Triple Entente. It was brought into the open after the October Revolution.
Lymphocyte - CORRECT ANSWER A type of of white blood cell (the two categories are T cells and B cells).
Macroeconomic - CORRECT ANSWER The study of the workings of a national or international economy, including factors such as income, earnings, and trade deficits.
Magnetic Field - CORRECT ANSWER An area around a magnet (or electric current) marked by a detectable magnetic force.
Market Economies - CORRECT ANSWER Economies that operate by voluntary exchange in a free market. Supply and demand are not controlled by a central authority or government
Matter - CORRECT ANSWER The material substances that make up the entire Universe.
Mean - CORRECT ANSWER The average value of a set of numbers.
Median - CORRECT ANSWER The middle value in a set of numbers.
Mendel, Gregor - CORRECT ANSWER Due to his experiments with garden peas, considered a founding father in the field of genetics.
Microscope - CORRECT ANSWER An optical instrument with a lens that produces magnified images.
Missouri Compromise - CORRECT ANSWER Passed in 1820, sought to strike a balance between slave states and free states entering the union.
Mnemonic - CORRECT ANSWER A device to aid in memorization.
Mode - CORRECT ANSWER The number in a set that occurs most frequently.
Molecule - CORRECT ANSWER Two or more atoms bonded into a single unit.
Mood - CORRECT ANSWER The pervasive emotion of the story.
Morpheme - CORRECT ANSWER The smallest unit of language that conveys meaning (it cannot be divided into a smaller meaningful unit)
Morphology - CORRECT ANSWER The study of form and structure of a word (and how those qualities affect the word's meaning).
Newton 's First Law - CORRECT ANSWER When no force acts on an object (or when the forces acting on it cancel), it moves in a straight line at constant speed.
Ninety-five theses - CORRECT ANSWER Posted on the church door, were Martin Luther's challenge to the Church on a variety of subject, including indulgences and the supreme authority of the Pope.
November Criminals - CORRECT ANSWER Nationalist Germans laid the blame for the loss of World War I and the sanctions of the Treaty of the Versailles at the feet. These were scapegoats that included Jews, socialists, and politicians of the Weimar Republic.
Obtuse - CORRECT ANSWER An angle whose measurement is greater than 90 degrees.
October Revolution - CORRECT ANSWER Led by Bolshevik Vladimir Lenin in 1917, overthrew the Russian government and led to the formation of the Soviet Union.
Onset and rime - CORRECT ANSWER Two basic parts of a syllable. The onset is the letter (or letters) that begin a syllable, and the rime comprises the remaining letters of the syllable. For example, in the word nursing, the first syllable onset is n. This is followed by the rime ur . The onset of the second syllable is s. This is followed by the rime ing.
Oral Torah - CORRECT ANSWER The teachings passed down to Moses from God. These teachings were eventually written down (fifth century) and became the Talmud, the authoritative document on Jewish law and custom.
Orthography - CORRECT ANSWER The study of spelling
Overhead - CORRECT ANSWER The expenses associated with keeping a business operating.
Parallel circuit - CORRECT ANSWER An electrical circuit that runs current into two or more paths.
Phoneme - CORRECT ANSWER The smallest unit of spoken sound that conveys a distinct meaning
Phonemic awareness - CORRECT ANSWER The knowledge that words are built from phonemes.
Phonics through spelling - CORRECT ANSWER A style of phonics instruction based on breaking words into phonemes and then reconstructing those words using spelling techniques.
Photon - CORRECT ANSWER A subatomic particle having zero mass and no electric charge.
Physical property - CORRECT ANSWER Characteristic, such as color, odor, or density, and can be observed without involving the substance in a chemical.
Placebo - CORRECT ANSWER A pill or substance with no medical affect given to a patient. Often used in a control group during an experiment.
Plane - CORRECT ANSWER A surface containing all the straight lines that connect any two points on it.
Pliny the Elder - CORRECT ANSWER A Roman author in the first century AD; most known for his encyclopedia Naturalis Historia. He died when Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79
Point - CORRECT ANSWER A geometric object whose only property is location.
Point of view - CORRECT ANSWER The attitude or outlook put forth by the author, either through a character (fiction) or through the tone and content of his own prose (non-fiction).
Polygon - CORRECT ANSWER A closed plane figure with three or more sides.
Polyhedron - CORRECT ANSWER A three-dimensional solid whose faces are polygons.
Potential energy - CORRECT ANSWER The energy based on position, or condition, rather than motion. For example, a coiled spring has potential energy.
Pre-Columbian - CORRECT ANSWER A term referring to the era in the Americas before widespread European colonization.
Price index - CORRECT ANSWER Any single number calculated from an array of prices and quantities. A list of prices for all goods and services is not possible, so a sample (price index) is used.
Prime number - CORRECT ANSWER A positive integer not divisible by any positive integer other than itself and the number one.
Producer - CORRECT ANSWER In economics, the people or companies that make goods or provide services.
Profit - CORRECT ANSWER What a business or individual earns after meeting all operating expenses.
Proof - CORRECT ANSWER A demonstration that a conclusion is true based on certain given elements.
Prosody - CORRECT ANSWER The patterns of intonation and inflection of a language
Protractor - CORRECT ANSWER A semicircular instrument for measuring and constructing angles.
Pythagoras - CORRECT ANSWER Greek mathematician and philosopher of the sixth century BC; taught and led a group dedicated to the study of music and mathematics in Croton in what would become southern Italy.
Quadrilateral - CORRECT ANSWER A four-sided polygon.
Radiation - CORRECT ANSWER The transmission of energy through rays, waves, and particles.
Range - CORRECT ANSWER (1) The set of all values of a given function. (2) (In statistics) The difference between the highest and lowest data values in the set.
Ray - CORRECT ANSWER A straight line extending from a point.
Real value - CORRECT ANSWER Value adjusted for inflation (as opposed to nominal).
Regular - CORRECT ANSWER A geometric term describing a polygon with equal sides and equal angles.
Right - CORRECT ANSWER In geometry, describes a 90 degree angle or an object containing this angle.
Root - CORRECT ANSWER The main component of a given word. For example, decompression is compress ("to press together").
Scalene triangle - CORRECT ANSWER A triangle with no congruent sides.
Scientific method - CORRECT ANSWER The process of discovery that marks scientific investigation. It comprises the hypothesis, experiment, and conclusion phases.
Segmenting - CORRECT ANSWER Dividing syllables into their component phonemes.
Shang Dynasty - CORRECT ANSWER c. 1600-1046 BC. One of the earliest known Chinese dynasties.
Silk Road - CORRECT ANSWER An informal system of trade and travel routes from Asian to Europe over land and water.
Similar - CORRECT ANSWER Having corresponding angles equal and corresponding line segments proportional.
Specialization - CORRECT ANSWER In economics, the narrowing of production to a specific field or action in order to benefit financially. For example, a company who specializes in making gas caps can set up their factory for that one item and therefore increase production, lower their cost, and compete more effectively.
Spectroscopy - CORRECT ANSWER A sub-discipline of physics concerned with the interactions between matter and radiation.
Speed - CORRECT ANSWER A measure of the rate of motion (the distance traveled divided by the time of travel).
Sphere - CORRECT ANSWER A three-dimensional surface with all points being equidistant from a fixed point.
Standard deviation - CORRECT ANSWER The range of values in a set of numbers; this is a statistic used to measure variation in a distribution.
Stomata - CORRECT ANSWER A tiny pore in the epidermis of a leaf or stem that allows water vapor and other gases to pass through.
Subject - CORRECT ANSWER Noun, noun phrase, or pronoun that denotes the main idea of the sentence or the thing being described by the predicate.
Substance - CORRECT ANSWER Matter that has a uniform composition.
Symbolism - CORRECT ANSWER The practice of letting one thing represent another. For example, a writer may use the appearance of a vulture to represent death or the sun to represent health and vitality.
Synthetic phonics - CORRECT ANSWER Phonics instruction that teaches phonemes and then works toward blending them to form syllables and words.
Systematic - CORRECT ANSWER In reference to phonics instruction, refers to a program of instruction that is based on a carefully selected set of sound-letter relationships organized in a logical manner.
Topic sentence - CORRECT ANSWER The sentence that begins a paragraph and lays out the intent or subject of the following sentences.
Townshend Acts - CORRECT ANSWER The 1767 taxation of lead, paint, tea (and other items) by the British government; were yet another incident that led to revolt by the colonies.
Treaty of Versailles - CORRECT ANSWER The 1919 peace treaty that ended World War I. devastating to Germany and sowed the seeds for the radical German nationalism of the 1930s.
Triangle - CORRECT ANSWER A three-sided polygon.
Triple Entente - CORRECT ANSWER The 1907 alliance among Great Britain, France, and Russia.
Variable - CORRECT ANSWER Usually a letter (for example, x) that has no fixed quantitative value.
Variation - CORRECT ANSWER Noticeable deviation from the normal or recognized form, function, or structure.
Velocity - CORRECT ANSWER An object's speed in a certain direction.
Vertical - CORRECT ANSWER In geometry, vertical angles share a vertex.
Vertices - CORRECT ANSWER The "edges" of a polyhedron. comprise a series of points.
Word sort - CORRECT ANSWER An activity designed to build vocabulary by grouping words on cards according to designated categories (spelling patterns, vowel sounds, shared meanings).
Commutative Property - CORRECT ANSWER switching the order of two
numbers being added or multiplied does not change the result.
Associative Property - CORRECT ANSWER the order that numbers are grouped in addition and multiplication does not affect the result.
Cell Membrane - CORRECT ANSWER forms the outer boundary of the cell and allows only certain materials to
move into or out of the cell
Cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER a gel-like material inside the cell; it contains water and nutrients for the cell
Nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER directs the activity of a cell; it contains chromosomes with the DNA
Nuclear Membrane - CORRECT ANSWER separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER moves materials around in the cell
Ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER make protein for the cell
Golgi Bodies - CORRECT ANSWER are used for packaging and secreting of energy
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER break down food and release energy to the cell
Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER are chemicals used to digest waste
Vacuoles - CORRECT ANSWER are storage areas for the cell
Cell Wall - CORRECT ANSWER provides structure to the plant cell
Chloroplasts - CORRECT ANSWER contain chlorophyll that is make food for the plant cell
Perimeter of rectangle - CORRECT ANSWER P=2l+2w
Area of Circle - CORRECT ANSWER A=πr²
Circumference of Circle - CORRECT ANSWER 2πr
Surface area of sphere - CORRECT ANSWER 4πr²
Volume of Sphere - CORRECT ANSWER 4/3πr^3
Surface Area of right cylinder - CORRECT ANSWER 2πr²+2πrh
Surface area of rectangular prism - CORRECT ANSWER SA=2lw+2wh+2lh
density - CORRECT ANSWER Mass / Volume
Calibration - CORRECT ANSWER Comparison between measurements
Refraction - CORRECT ANSWER Bending of light
Diffraction - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs when a ray of light bends around the edges of an object.
Covalent Bond - CORRECT ANSWER A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule
Ionic Bond - CORRECT ANSWER A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
ph levels - CORRECT ANSWER 0-7 Acidic, 7 pure water, 7-14 basic
Complete Atomic Shells - CORRECT ANSWER Shell number one can only hold 2 electrons, shell two can hold 8, and for the first eighteen elements shell three can hold a maximum of eight electrons.
Mitosis Phases - CORRECT ANSWER PMAT-Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telaphase
volume of square pyramid - CORRECT ANSWER V= (1/3)b²h
Which of the following represents the smallest element of spoken language?
- Grapheme
- Morpheme
- Digraph
- Phoneme - CORRECT ANSWER Phoneme
Which of the following is a morpheme?
- (sca-)
- (a-)
- (tr-)
- (-nk) - CORRECT ANSWER (a-)
Which of the following words begins with an unvoiced consonant?
Baggage
Garage
Kismet
Dunce - CORRECT ANSWER Kismet
The -ist ending is a
Grapheme
Morpheme
Phoneme
Lexeme - CORRECT ANSWER Morpheme
Which of the following phonological awareness skills is integral to analogy phonics?
- Knowing that text runs from the top of the page to the bottom
- Recognizing that spoken sentences are composed of individual words
- Knowing how to segment sentences into words
- Recognizing when words begin or end with the same sound - CORRECT ANSWER Recognizing when words begin or end with the same sound
What is the primary difference between analogy phonics and analytic phonics?
- Analogy phonics incorporates words from previous lessons.
- Analytic phonics utilizes students' prior knowledge.
- Analogy phonics uses full words instead of phonemes out of context.
- Analytic phonics uses full words instead of phonemes out of context. - CORRECT ANSWER Analytic phonics uses full words instead of phonemes out of context. [Show Less]