Research Literature - ✔✔ the set of published research studies on a particular topic
Abstract - ✔✔ a brief summary of what is included in
... [Show More] the article.
*provide a concise breakdown of article goals, methods, and tentative results.
Understanding - ✔✔ attempting to learn about and generate ideas about specific and unique phenomena.
*important in early stages of research
*little previously known
*without preconceived notions
*"discover" important factors
Metacognition - ✔✔ thinking about thinking
1.assess the task
2.evaluate strengths and weaknesses
3.plan an approach
4. apply strategies and monitor your performance
5. reflect and adjust as needed
Repeat the steps as a cycle.
Description - ✔✔ an attempt to describe the characteristics of a phenomenon.
*describing a phenomenon?
*documenting characteristics of phenomenon?
Decriptive Research - ✔✔ provide an accurate description or picture of the status or characteristics of a situation or phenomenon
*deeper level than description
1. randomly selected from defined population
2.determine the sample characteristics
3.infer the characteristics of the population based on the sample
Explanation - ✔✔ researchers attempt to show how and why a phenomenon operates as it does.
1.develop a theory about how and why the phenomenon operates as it does
2.identify the cause and effect relationships
explanatory research - ✔✔ testing hypotheses and theories that explain the functions of a phenomenon in detail
*strongest form of explanatory research for providing evidence of cause and effect
Prediction - ✔✔ forecast a phenomenon, wherin there is an association made between two points in a time
*can be made from research studies
predictive research - ✔✔ predict the future status of one or more dependent (or criterion) variables on the basis of one or more independent (or predictor) variables
influence - ✔✔ attempting to apply research to make certain outcomes occur
*an objective which refers to the application of research knowledge to control various aspects of the world.
1.make something useful happen
2.checking a demonstration program to see if it works.
Integration - ✔✔ consolidating insights from multiple investigators, theories/perspectives, sets of data, methods in order to understand a given entity of study
emic perspective - ✔✔ *insider's perspective
*meanings and views of people being studied
*getting inside the heads of group members
*ex. local languages, forms of expression, jargon/slang
Etic Perspective - ✔✔ *external, social scientific perspective
*perspective of objective researcher
*use social scientific concepts, terms and procedures to describe and explain behavior
*used to bring research questions from the outside
Five types of Educational Research - ✔✔ 1.Basic
2.Evaluation
3. Action
4. Orientational
5. Applied
Basic Educational Research - ✔✔ *focuses on generating fundamental knowledge
*aimed at generating fundamental knowledge and theoretical understanding about primary human functions and other natural processes
Evaluation Educational Research - ✔✔ focuses on deciding the worth/quality of intervention programs
*determine how well social or educational programs work in real-world settings, as well as any improvement possibilities.
*worth, merit, or quality of specific program
*Two types: formative and summative
Action Educational Research - ✔✔ *focuses on solving local problems that practitioners face
*addressing and solving specific problems which local practitioners confront in their schools and communities, conducting research directly within the classroom or work environment
Orientational Educational Research - ✔✔ focuses on reducing inequality and giving voice to disadvantaged
* focuses on collecting information to aid in advancing a specific ideological, political position or orientation which a researcher believes will improve society.
*another focus is "giving voice" to disadvantaged
Applied Educational Research - ✔✔ *focuses on real-world questions and applications
*focuses on answering real-world, practical questions in order to provide relatively immediate solutions.
Formative Evaluation - ✔✔ concerned with developing judgments of how a program can be improved and aids developers and staff design and implement programs.
Summative Evaluation - ✔✔ focuses on cultivating judgements of a program's effectiveness and any decisions regarding continuation
especially helpful for policymakers to appraise previous future-funding decisions and make future ones.
Evaluation Varieties - ✔✔ 1. Needs Assessment
2. Theory Assessment
3. Implementation Assessment
4. Impact Assessment
5. Efficiency Assessment
Needs Assessment - ✔✔ is there a need for this type of program?
Theory Assessment - ✔✔ is this program conceptualized in a way that it should work?
Impact Assessment - ✔✔ did this program have an impact on its intended targets?
Efficiency Assessment - ✔✔ Is this program cost-effective?
Implementation Assessment - ✔✔ Was this program implemented properly and according to the program plan?
Common areas of orientational research - ✔✔ class stratification
gender inequality
racial and ethnic inequality
sexual orientation inequality
international inequality
disability rights and inequality
epistemology - ✔✔ "theory of knowledge and its justification"
*the overall understanding of how knowledge is created or shared*
involves studying knowledge itself - including its nature, process of generation, how it is necessary, and the standards that are used to judge its adequacy
Sources of Knowledge - ✔✔ Experience leads to Empiricism.
Reasoning leads to Rationalism, Deductive Reasoning, and Inductive Reasoning
Empiricism - ✔✔ idea that all knowledge comes from experience
Empirical Statement - ✔✔ a statement based on an observation, experiment, or experience [Show Less]