CYTOLOGY - CORRECT ANSWER the study of cell structure
BIOCHEMISTRY - CORRECT ANSWER the study of the reactions within a cell
CELL - CORRECT ANSWER the
... [Show More] basic unit of life
CELL THEORY - CORRECT ANSWER This says that all living things are made of cells, that
cells are the basic unit of structure and function and that cells only come from other cells.
CELL FRACTIONATION - CORRECT ANSWER the seperation of the cell components based
on size
CYTOPLASM - CORRECT ANSWER consists of....
a. cytosol- interstitial fluid
b. organelles
CYTOSOL - CORRECT ANSWER semi-fluid substance within a cell
ORGANELLE - CORRECT ANSWER membrane bound ("lil organs") found within cells that
carry out specific functions.
CELL MEMBRANE - CORRECT ANSWER a.k.a plasma membrane
1.semi-fliud
2.seperates inside of the cell from outside environment, 3.regulates traffic in/out of a cell.
4. involved in cell-to-cell communication.
RIBOSOMES - CORRECT ANSWER Site of protein synthesis.
BASIC CELL STRUCTURE
all cells have....... - CORRECT ANSWER 1. cytoplasm + cytosol
2.cell membrane
3.DNA (linear in prok, enclosed in nuc for Euks)
4. Ribosomes
PROKARYOTIC CELL FEATURES - CORRECT ANSWER TRUE BACTERIA &
ArchaeBACTERIA
1. lacks a true nucleus
2. lacks membrane bound organelles
3.often smaller than Eukaryotes 1-10 micro meters.
4. usually simpler in structure.
EUKARYOTIC CELL FEATURES - CORRECT ANSWER PROTISTA/ FUNGI/ PLANTS/
ANIMALS
1. contain a true nucleus (enclosed by a membranous nuclear envelope)
2. membrane bound organelles
3.10-100 micro meters
4. more complex structure
NUCLEUS - CORRECT ANSWER 1.membrane bound structure that contains DNA; stores
genetic information.
2. the site of DNA replication and transcription.
the biggest organelle is.... - CORRECT ANSWER NUCLEUS!
NUCLEAR ENVELOPE - CORRECT ANSWER made up of a double membrane ( 2 PPLBilayers) that encloses the nucleus, separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm.
NUCLEAR PORES - CORRECT ANSWER span the length of the nuclear envelope and are the
entry/exit sites of molecules.
NUCLEAR LAMINA - CORRECT ANSWER filamentous proteins composed in a net like array
that maintains the shape of the nucleus.
CYTOSKELETON - CORRECT ANSWER A network of long protein strands in the cytosol that
helps support the cell
Can DNA leave the nucleus? - CORRECT ANSWER No! DNA never leaves the nucleus. It is
complexed with proteins which inhibit this.
DNA is organized along with proteins into this - CORRECT ANSWER CHROMATIN
CHROMOSOMES - CORRECT ANSWER condensed chromatin that are discerned as seperate
structures when the cell prepares to divide.
each species has a specific set of chromosomes. Humans have 46 (23 pairs).
NUCLEOLUS - CORRECT ANSWER location of Ribosome "component" synthesis.
numbers vary in species and in reproduction stages of the cell.
CELL MEMBRANE COMPONENTS - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Phospholipids
2. Cholesterol
3.Glycolipids
4. Glycoproteins
5. 3+4= Glycocalyx
6. Proteins
PHOSPHOLIDS IN CELL MB - CORRECT ANSWER form the lipid bilayer which is the main
structure of the cell membrane.
CHOLESTEROL IN CELL MB - CORRECT ANSWER helps to maintain the fluidity of the cell
membrane.
GLYCOLIPID - CORRECT ANSWER lipid attached to a carb; used for energy and markers for
cell recognition
GLYCOPROTEIN - CORRECT ANSWER protein attached to a carb, function in cell
recogniton.
GLYCOCALYX - CORRECT ANSWER aka "sugar coating" fxns in....
1. cell recognition
2. a little added protection
3.makes the cells slippery; attracts water ( i.e RBC we want them to slide right on thru)
INTEGRAL PROTEINS - CORRECT ANSWER amphipathic proteins that extend into the lipid
bilayer and serve many functions
AMPHIPHATIC - CORRECT ANSWER A molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a
hydrophobic region.
TYPES OF INTEGRAL PROTEINS
(6) - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Ion Channel-allows specific ions in.
2. Transporter Proteins-allow specific mlcs in by changing its shape.
3.Receptors-bind ligands to cause cellular activity.
4.Enzymes-catalyze reactions.
5. Cell Identity-Glycocalyx
6. Linker Proteins-allow cells to join/link to other cells.
ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM COMPONENTS - CORRECT ANSWER 1. ER- Endoplasmic
Reticulum
2.Golgi Apparatus
3.Vesicles
4.Lysosomes
5.Vacuoles
(ER)
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
("within-cytoplasm+ net) - CORRECT ANSWER two continuous networks (Rough ER+Smooth
ER) of membranous tubules and sacs called cisternae that modify and process proteins.
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM - CORRECT ANSWER Part of the endomembrane
system the ROUGH ER has ribosomes that are continuous with outer nuclear membrane, mostly
made up of flat cisternae. [Show Less]