List some special considerations for abrasions. - Answer Pain control - full thickness abrasions
may be associated with nerve damage and may have less
... [Show More] pain
Evaporative heat loss - consider warming measures
Evaporative fluid loss - consider need for fluid replacement
Scarring - anesthetize wound and aggressively remove debris
Define contusion. - Answer Rupture of subcutaneous blood vessels with extravasation of
erythrocytes.
Define hematoma. - Answer Rupture of artery or vein that will continue to expand until the
pressure in the tissue exceeds the pressure in the ruptured vessel.
Contusions and hematomas have the potential for what significant complication? - Answer
Compartment Syndrome
List 2 special considerations related to contusions / hematomas. - Answer Potential for enough
blood loss to cause hypovolemia, especially in areas of the body with greater dispensability (like
the thigh).
Blood is a medium for bacterial growth, therefore wounds with contusions and hematomas
may have a greater risk for infection.
What are the treatments for contusions / hematomas? - Answer Elevation
Application of Ice Packs
Puncture wounds have a high rate of _____. - Answer Infection
What treatment should be done with puncture wounds? - Answer Soaking
At time of discharge, what teaching should be given to a patient who sustained a puncture
wound? - Answer Soak wound 2-3 times per day for 2-4 days
What type of bites tend to be deep wounds involving crushing of the tissue or avulsion? -
Answer Dog Bites
Are larger bites or smaller bites more susceptible to infection? - Answer Smaller. The larger size
of wounds allows bacteria to exit, decreasing the incidence of infection.
How many hours after a cat bite does infection usually start? - Answer 12 hours
What complications are often associated with cat bites? - Answer Abscess, Cellulitis,
Osteomyelitis
Smaller puncture wounds traps bacteria increasing rate of infectious complications.
What type of bites have very high infection rates? - Answer Human bites
How many days after a human bite does infection usually start? - Answer 1-2 days after bite
What diseases can be associated by human bite? - Answer Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and
potentially HIV
Teeth marks over knuckles from "punching someone" are associated with _____. - Answer
Fractures of the third and fifth metacarpal, osteomyelitis and joint infection.
Wounds caused by high pressure devices (paintball gun, grease gun) can cause _____. - Answer
Compartment Syndrome
If a device triggers releasing foreign matter into the wound, it may travel deep into the tissue
separating fascial planes and causing _____. - Answer Compartment Syndrome
_____ requires high triage prioritization and potential surgical intervention. - Answer
Compartment Syndrome
List the 3 types of tissue damage that occur with gunshot wounds. - Answer Permanent cavity
Temporary cavity
Pressure Wave
What is the permanent cavity associated with a gunshot wound? - Answer Penetrating trauma
following the path of the projectile
What is the temporary cavity associated with a gunshot wound? - Answer Crush injuries around
the permanent cavity caused by temporary displacement of tissue as the projectile moves
through the tissue.
What is the pressure wave associated with a gunshot wound? - Answer Damage in areas
adjacent to the permanent cavity as the projectile moves through the tissue (increased damage
to hollow organs).
In gunshot wounds, the faster the projectile is moving as it passes through the tissue, the
_____. - Answer Greater the size of the temporary cavity and pressure wave.
The longer the barre of the firearm, the _____ the projectile will strike the patient. - Answer
Faster [Show Less]