List some special considerations for abrasions. - correct answer Pain control - full thickness abrasions may be associated with nerve damage and may have
... [Show More] less pain
Evaporative heat loss - consider warming measures
Evaporative fluid loss - consider need for fluid replacement
Scarring - anesthetize wound and aggressively remove debris
Define contusion. - correct answer Rupture of subcutaneous blood vessels with extravasation of erythrocytes.
Define hematoma. - correct answer Rupture of artery or vein that will continue to expand until the pressure in the tissue exceeds the pressure in the ruptured vessel.
Contusions and hematomas have the potential for what significant complication? - correct answer Compartment Syndrome
List 2 special considerations related to contusions / hematomas. - correct answer Potential for enough blood loss to cause hypovolemia, especially in areas of the body with greater dispensability (like the thigh).
Blood is a medium for bacterial growth, therefore wounds with contusions and hematomas may have a greater risk for infection.
What are the treatments for contusions / hematomas? - correct answer Elevation
Application of Ice Packs
Puncture wounds have a high rate of _____. - correct answer Infection
What treatment should be done with puncture wounds? - correct answer Soaking
At time of discharge, what teaching should be given to a patient who sustained a puncture wound? - correct answer Soak wound 2-3 times per day for 2-4 days
What type of bites tend to be deep wounds involving crushing of the tissue or avulsion? - correct answer Dog Bites
Are larger bites or smaller bites more susceptible to infection? - correct answer Smaller. The larger size of wounds allows bacteria to exit, decreasing the incidence of infection.
How many hours after a cat bite does infection usually start? - correct answer 12 hours
What complications are often associated with cat bites? - correct answer Abscess, Cellulitis, Osteomyelitis
Smaller puncture wounds traps bacteria increasing rate of infectious complications.
What type of bites have very high infection rates? - correct answer Human bites
How many days after a human bite does infection usually start? - correct answer 1-2 days after bite
What diseases can be associated by human bite? - correct answer Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and potentially HIV
Teeth marks over knuckles from "punching someone" are associated with _____. - correct answer Fractures of the third and fifth metacarpal, osteomyelitis and joint infection.
Wounds caused by high pressure devices (paintball gun, grease gun) can cause _____. - correct answer Compartment Syndrome
If a device triggers releasing foreign matter into the wound, it may travel deep into the tissue separating fascial planes and causing _____. - correct answer Compartment Syndrome
_____ requires high triage prioritization and potential surgical intervention. - correct answer Compartment Syndrome
List the 3 types of tissue damage that occur with gunshot wounds. - correct answer Permanent cavity
Temporary cavity
Pressure Wave
What is the permanent cavity associated with a gunshot wound? - correct answer Penetrating trauma following the path of the projectile
What is the temporary cavity associated with a gunshot wound? - correct answer Crush injuries around the permanent cavity caused by temporary displacement of tissue as the projectile moves through the tissue.
What is the pressure wave associated with a gunshot wound? - correct answer Damage in areas adjacent to the permanent cavity as the projectile moves through the tissue (increased damage to hollow organs).
In gunshot wounds, the faster the projectile is moving as it passes through the tissue, the _____. - correct answer Greater the size of the temporary cavity and pressure wave.
The longer the barre of the firearm, the _____ the projectile will strike the patient. - correct answer Faster
The farther the patient is from the firearm when it is fired, the _____ the projectile will be moving as it enters the body. - correct answer Slower
_____ has more impact on wounding potential than the size of the projectile. - correct answer Speed
When dealing with projectiles, it is important to remember that _____. - correct [Show Less]