Straighterline INTRODUCTION TO
NUTRITION NUTRI101 Graded Midterm
Exam - 2023
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NUTRI101_MH_V6
Topic 8: Vitamins
Started on Wednesday, June 7, 2023, 9:21 PM
State Finished
Completed on Wednesday, June 7, 2023, 10:28 PM
Time taken 1 hour 7 mins
Grade 188.00 out of 200.00 (94%)
Question 1
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The essential nutrientsSelect one:
a. must be consumed at every meal.
b. are required for infants but not adults.
c. can be made in the body when they are needed.
d. cannot be made by the body and therefore must be consumed to maintain health.
Question 2
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Hypertension is the medical term that refers to
Select one:
a. high blood pressure.
b. high blood sugar.
c. high blood lipids.
d. high muscle tone.
Question 3
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A nutrition-related objective from Healthy People 2030 is to
Select one:
a. reduce the proportion of households that experience food insecurity.
b. increase the consumption of added sugars.
c. increase the consumption of sodium.
d. reduce the proportion of adults who are at a healthy weight.
Question 4
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Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by
Select one:
a. high blood sugar.
b. uncontrolled cell growth.
c. high blood pressure.
d. high levels of blood lipids.
Question 5
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Carbohydrates provide ______ kcal per gram.
Select one:
a. 4
b. 7
c. 9
d. 0
Question 6
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Which of the following is characteristic of lipids?
Select one:a. Supplies 4 kcal per gram
b. Adds structural strength to bones and muscles
c. Supplies a concentrated form of fuel for the body
d. Adds sweetness to food
Question 7
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A meal consisting of a cheeseburger, large fries, and a chocolate shake provides a total of 1120
kcal. If 40% of total kcal in this meal come from fat, how many grams of fat are in this meal?
Select one:
a. 64 grams
b. 112 grams
c. 448 grams
d. 50 grams
Question 8
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Which of the following includes all energy-yielding substances?
Select one:
a. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, water
b. Vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, lipids, protein
c. Alcohol, carbohydrates, lipids, protein
d. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, vitamins, minerals, water
Question 9
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A kilocalorie is a measure of
Select one:
a. heat energy.
b. fat in food.
c. nutrients in food.
d. sugar and fat in food.
Question 10
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What substances, present in fruits and vegetables, provide significant health benefits such as
reducing the risk of cancer?
Select one:
a. Phytochemicals
b. Beta blockers
c. Deoxidizers
d. Free radicals
Question 11
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The Freshman 15is the term used to describe theSelect one:
a. typical waist circumference of college students after their freshman year.
b. typical body fat percentage of college students after their freshman year.
c. amount of weight (in pounds) typically gained during the freshman year of college.
d. typical BMI of college students after their freshman year.
Question 12
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Over the past 40 years, rates of ______ have declined among American adults.
Select one:
a. deaths of cardiovascular disease
b. cancer screenings
c. obesity
d. diabetes
Question 13
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Looking at the ingredients list on a jar of spaghetti sauce, you see that olive oil is the second
ingredient. This means that olive oil is
Select one:
a. the second ingredient by alphabetical listing.
b. just one of the ingredients present in the sauce.
c. the second most abundant ingredient by weight.
d. the second most abundant ingredient by volume.
Question 14Correct
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Which of the following nutrient standards is referenced on the Nutrition Facts label of a box of
breakfast cereal?
Select one:
a. Recommended Dietary Allowance
b. Daily Value
c. Adequate Intake
d. Estimated Safe and Adequate Daily Dietary Intake
Question 15
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Which of the following is a major contributor of discretionary calories in American dietary patterns?
Select one:
a. Sugar-sweetened beverages
b. Diet soft drinks
c. Canned fruits
d. Whole grain breakfast cereals
Question 16
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Question textWhich of the following is true about the use of MyPlate?
Select one:
a. The guide applies to all Americans.
b. Milk and meat are essential to good nutrition.
c. Choosing a variety of options from each food group is recommended.
d. The guide does not permit use of fats, oils, and sweets.
Question 17
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According to MyPlate, food choices from the Grains Group should include
Select one:
a. an equal amount of whole grain and refined grain products.
b. at least half of the grain servings as whole grains.
c. only whole grain products.
d. a serving of grain products at each meal.
Question 18
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The number of servings to consume from each MyPlate food group depends primarily on a person's
Select one:
a. weight, sleep patterns, and waist circumference.
b. culture and taste preferences.
c. age, sex, height, and weight
d. frame size.
Question 19Correct
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The chemical processes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats to release energy are
______ reactions.
Select one:
a. anabolic
b. catabolic
c. synthetic
d. immunological
Question 20
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When a nutrient moves freely across the cell membrane from an area of higher nutrient
concentration into an absorptive cell where the concentration of that nutrient is lower, this is called
Select one:
a. active absorption.
b. passive diffusion.
c. facilitated diffusion.
d. phagocytosis.
Question 21
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Which hormone functions in the regulation of the body's metabolic rate?
Select one:
a. Thyroid hormone
b. Insulin
c. Vitamin D
d. Glucagon
Question 22
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Most stomach ulcers are caused by ______ infection.
Select one:
a. Salmonella
b. Helicobacter pylori
c. E. coli
d. Clostridium botulinum
Question 23
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Adequate intakes of ______ may play a role in the prevention of colon cancer.
Select one:
a. dietary fiber
b. saccharin
c. high fructose corn syrup
d. starchQuestion 24
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The top source(s) of added sugars in the U.S. population is(are)
Select one:
a. desserts and sweet snacks.
b. sugar-sweetened beverages.
c. breakfast cereals and bars.
d. coffee and tea.
Question 25
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Individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) should avoid
Select one:
a. stevia.
b. aspartame.
c. high fructose corn syrup.
d. saccharin.
Question 26
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Question textTriglycerides are composed of
Select one:
a. glycogen and fatty acids.
b. fatty acids and glycerol.
c. lactic acid and glycogen.
d. glucose and fatty acids.
Question 27
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Fat makes up nearly 100% of total kcal in which of the following food items?
Select one:
a. Roast beef
b. Canola oil
c. Whole milk
d. Dark chocolate
Question 28
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After fatty acids and monoglycerides have been absorbed into the intestinal cells, they are
Select one:
a. fermented by bacteria.
b. emulsified by bile.
c. reformed into triglycerides.
d. converted to cholesterol.
Question 29Correct
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Consumption of fatty fish at least twice a week is recommended to provide omega-3 fatty acids.
However, some fish—especially swordfish, shark, king mackerel, and tile fish—can be a source of
________, which is toxic in high amounts.
Select one:
a. vitamin A
b. conjugated linoleic acid
c. fluoride
d. mercury
Question 30
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If you are trying to reduce your dietary intake of cholesterol, you should limit or avoid
Select one:
a. organ meats.
b. plant oils.
c. low-fat dairy products.
d. nuts and seeds.
Question 31
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Plant-based diets may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. This is likely due to the fact that,
compared to animal sources of protein, plant sources of protein are lower in
Select one:
a. dietary fiber.
b. saturated fat and cholesterol.
c. one or more essential amino acids.
d. phytochemicals.
Question 32
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According to the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) of the National Academy of Sciences, ______ of
kilocalories should come from protein.
Select one:
a. 10% to 35%
b. 20% to 35%
c. 45% to 65%
Question 33
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Which of the following is true about protein intake of people in the United States?
Select one:
a. Most do not consume enough protein.
b. Most consume approximately the amount of protein needed to balance losses.
c. Athletes generally do not get enough protein without supplements.
d. Most consume more protein than is needed.Question 34
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Which of the following is a true statement about body proteins?
Select one:
a. Body proteins are in a constant state of breakdown, rebuilding, and repair.
b. The breakdown of body proteins provides most of the ATP to support human metabolism.
c. Synthesis of body proteins is directed by antigens, which are present in every cell.
d. Amino acids from dying cells or worn-out cell parts are excreted as a component of bile.
Question 35
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When an essential amino acid is missing from the diet,
Select one:
a. nonessential amino acids will be converted into the missing amino acid.
b. protein synthesis will stop.
c. glucose will be converted into the missing amino acid.
d. proteins will be made, but they will lack that particular amino acid.
Question 36
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Question textThe best way to treat an underweight person is to advise him or her to
Select one:
a. eat high-fat foods such as heavy cream, cheeses, ice cream, and ground beef.
b. stop exercising.
c. eat energy-dense foods higher in plant fats like nuts and seeds.
d. eat high-calorie foods at the beginning of each meal.
Question 37
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Basal metabolism is the energy expended
Select one:
a. when sleeping in a cool environment.
b. when doing moderate activity.
c. while in a fasting state when resting and awake in a warm, quiet environment.
d. to make food more available to the body.
Question 38
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John weighs 80 kilograms and is 1.6 meters tall. His body mass index is ______ kg/m 2.
Select one:
a. 5
b. 25
c. 31
d. 50
Question 39Correct
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Bob is a 34-year-old male who weighs 150 pounds and is a long-distance cycler. He is engaged in
vigorous activity. Based on calorie estimates from the Dietary Guidelines, Bob needs approximately
_______ kcal per day.
Select one:
a. 2000
b. 2600
c. 3000
d. 3200
Question 40
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Bill expends 2500 kcal per day. What would be his approximate energy expenditure from basal
metabolism?
Select one:
a. 250 to 375 kcal
b. 500 to 1050 kcal
c. 1200 to 1500 kcal
d. 1500 to 2000 kcal
Question 41
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If you wanted to add significant quantities of vitamins to your dietary pattern from the food you eat, a
good choice would be to consume
Select one:
a. a doughnut made with enriched white flour.
b. apple juice.
c. a fortified breakfast cereal such as bran flakes with raisins.
d. a banana.
Question 42
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Pantothenic acid is required for the synthesis of
Select one:
a. thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP).
b. coenzyme Q (CoQ).
c. coenzyme A (CoA).
d. flavin mononucleotide(FMN).
Question 43
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Retinol activity equivalents (RAE) take into account the activity of provitamin A carotenoids and
______ found in foods.Select one:
a. preformed vitamin A
b. lutein and zeaxanthin
c. cysteine
d. None of these choices are correct.
Question 44
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An important role of vitamin K is the synthesis of
Select one:
a. alpha-tocopherol.
b. visual pigments.
c. retinol.
d. clotting factors.
Question 45
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The nutrient essential for the synthesis of several blood clotting factors is
Select one:
a. vitamin A.
b. vitamin C.
c. vitamin E.
d. vitamin K.
Question 46
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Which two nutrients are required for activation of blood clotting factors?
Select one:
a. Vitamin K and calcium
b. Vitamin E and potassium
c. Vitamin K and iron
d. Vitamin D and calcium
Question 47
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Which of the following forms of cancer is unrelated to excessive calorie intake?
Select one:
a. Lung
b. Breast
c. Colon
d. Pancreatic
Question 48
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Pellagra is characterized by
Select one:a. diarrhea.
b. dementia.
c. dermatitis.
d. All of the choices are correct.
Question 49
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Consistently consuming raw egg whites, as in a daily high-protein drink, can bind and result in a
deficiency of this vitamin.
Select one:
a. folate
b. vitamin B-6
c. pantothenic acid
d. biotin
Question 50
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Exceeding the UL for folate
Select one:
a. is a common result of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
b. can cause avitaminB-12 deficiency.
c. can mask avitaminB-12 deficiency.
d. cannot occur with synthetic forms of the vitamin. [Show Less]