To effectively promote family involvement in literacy activities, teachers can encourage parents to
A) buy comics and story books
B) get their child a
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C) discuss stories and experiences at home
D) volunteer in the school's media center
C) discuss stories and experiences at home
This practice is recommended based upon research by Jim Trelease and the National Institute of Education's Commission on Reading. Discussing stories and experiences at home promotes family involvement and the increase of oral language and vocabulary development, both critical to achieving literacy success.
Which of the following should be the primary focus when using a holistic rubric to score a writing assignment?
A) The overall structure and quality
B) The appropriate use of vocabulary
C) The student's performance on a specific criterion
D) The levels of performance for each criteria
A) The overall structure and quality
Holistic rubrics assess the student's work as a whole, not just portions of the assessment. The overall structure and quality of the rubric is the primary focus and will help the teacher assess properly and with more accuracy.
Which of the following strategies will be most beneficial for students during the revising stage of the writing process?
A) Using a graphic organizer
B) Brainstorming ideas as a class
C) Holding peer conferences
D) Typing their work on the computer
C) Holding peer conferences
Holding peer conferences is a strategy you use during the revising stage of writing.
Students in a sixth-grade class are preparing to give an oral report on a famous writer they have researched. Which of the following strategies would be most effective in helping the student prepare for speaking before an audience?
A) Providing a copy of the report to all the students in the classroom
B) Writing key words on note cards and referring to the cards during the presentation
C) Memorizing the entire report before the presentation
D) Creating a media based presentation to read the report directly from
B) Writing key words on note cards and referring to the cards during the presentation
Writing key words on not cards and referring to them during the presentation can provide students with the necessary outline of ideas in case they forget any details.
During a writing class, the teacher asks the students to identify the purpose of their wring, select an audience, and outline the main ideas of the topic. The students are most likely at which stage of writing?
A) Publishing
B) Editing
C) Drafting
D) Prewriting
D) Prewriting
All of these steps are actions taken by a teacher before students being writing.
Which of the following activities involves structural analysis?
A) Students identify the beginning, middle, and end sounds in words
B) Students use individual sounds to blend the letters that make up a word
C) Students identify the number of syllables that make up different words
D) Students unlock the meaning of a word by considering the word parts
D) Students unlock the meaning of a word by considering the word parts
Structural analysis deals with how the structure of words (including word parts) can help people identify the meaning.
While observing a student reading, the teacher notices that the student does not match letters with their correct sounds. The student is most likely having problems with
A) comprehension
B) syntax
C) graphophonic cues
D) reading fluency
C) graphophonic cues
Graph (means print) and phonic (means sounds) - meaning, letter/sound correspondence - the skill identified as troublesome for the student.
Which of the following is the primary purpose of asking a student to retell a story?
A) To measure the student's level of comprehension
B) To measure the student's vocabulary development
C) To determine the student's fluency rate
D) To determine the student's oral reading progress
A) To measure the student's level of comprehension
Retelling is an informal assessment of reading comprehension.
- Sending classroom newsletters
- Requesting classroom volunteers
- Making regular phone calls
- Establishing a book loan program
All of the above mentioned practices how a teacher's support of
A) lesson planning
B) cooperative learning
C) homework
D) parental involvement
D) parental involvement
Classroom newsletters, requesting classroom volunteers, making positive phone class home, and integrating a book loan program within your classroom all promote parental involvement with their child's learning.
Which of the following terms describes the understanding that spoken words consist of a sequence of individual sounds?
A) Morphology
B) Phonemic awareness
C) Graphophonic cues
D) Syntax
B) Phonemic awareness
The question (Understanding that spoken words consist of a sequence of individual sounds) is clearly defining phonemic awareness.
Mr. Jones has a new student in his class and he would like to use assessment data to inform his instruction and his selection of instructional reading materials. He could best determine the student's independent, instructional, and frustration reading levels by:
A) Administering a norm-referenced reading test.
B) Having students complete a CLOZE assessment.
C) Conducting an Informal Reading Inventory.
D) Reviewing the previous year's SOL scores in reading.
C) Conducting an Informal Reading Inventory.
Conducting an Informal Reading Inventory would be the best way to determine the student's independent, instructional, and frustration reading levels. This information would be helpful to a teacher both for instruction and selection of instructional reading materials.
Which of the following processes can a teacher use before a reading activity, to activate the students' prior knowledge?
A) Literacy circles
B) Structural analysis
C) Semantic mapping
D) Word creation
C) Semantic mapping
Semantic mapping is a visual strategy for vocabulary expansion and extension of knowledge by displaying in categories words related to one another. Semantic mapping is an adaptation of concept definition mapping but builds on student's prior knowledge or schema.
A beneficial strategy for students during the revising stage of the writing process is
A) using a graphic organizer
B) brainstorming ideas
C) peer conferences
D) typing their work on the computer
C) peer conferences
This strategy is used during the revising stage of writing. Both A and B are performed during the pre-writing stage. Having students type their work does not promote the revising stage of writing. Therefore, it is incorrect.
A student pronounces the word flat as fat. Instruction in which of the following areas will most likely benefit the student?
A) Consonant digraphs
B) Graphemes
C) Consonant blends
D) Dipthongs
C) Consonant blends
Consonant blends are a sequence of two or three consonants, each of which is heard with minimal change.
A teacher asks a student to break a word into its individual sounds by moving a marker for each sound. This is an example of which type of phonemic awareness task?
A) Deleting phonemes
B) Adding phonemes
C) Substituting phonemes
D) Segmenting phonemes
D) Segmenting phonemes
This is an example of segmenting phonemes.
During a writing assignment, a beginning kindergarten student wrote "I lv m d", meaning "I love my dog". Which of the following stages of early writing development does the student's writing reflect?
A) Phonetic
B) Semi-phonetic
C) Transitional
D) Conventional
B) Semi-phonetic
In the semi-phonetic stage, spelling is characterized by the letter sound correspondence, clearly visible with the way the student spelled his/her sentence.
A fourth-grade teacher is developing a writing assignment, the goal of which is to help students persuade readers to agree with an opinion. Which of the following writing prompts is most appropriate in the situation?
A) Describe your favorite television show.
B) Write a new episode of your favorite television show.
C) How are the television shows you watch different than the shows your parents watched when they were your age?
D) Should a limit be placed on the amount of time children spend watching television?
D) Should a limit be placed on the amount of time children spend watching television?
This prompt requires students to form a position and support it with reasons.
Gerald is reading a story that has several new vocabulary words. He is using the events of the story and the text around the new vocabulary words to understand the meaning of the words. Which of the following strategies is Gerald using?
A) Context clues
B) Self monitoring
C) Semantic mapping
D) Morphology
A) Context clues
It refers to people using words or sentences around an unfamiliar word to help clarify its meaning, clearly what Gerald did in this situation.
A student is actively engaged in reading a book and makes judgments and decisions beyond what is stated in the text. Which of the following comprehension methods is the student using?
A) Inferential
B) Literal
C) Vocabulary
D) Internal
A) Inferential
Inferential questions required students to go use their background knowledge and the clues within the story and answer questions based on that. This process is exactly what this student was actively engaged in.
Many of Ms. Nucera's kindergarten students are beginning to use invented spelling when writing. From the writing sample below obtained during the second quarter of the school year, she can determine that:
(See Page 49 in Chapter 7 of study guide for picture)
HejKotB
"She jumped up and caught the ball"
A) the student has an emerging understanding of sound symbol relationships
B) the student understands that letters go from left to right, but cannot yet match speech to print
C) the student displays an emerging concept of word boundaries
D) the student understands that each syllable must contain a vowel sound
A) the student has an emerging understanding of sound symbol relationships
Analysis of the writing sample indicates that the student has at least an emerging understanding of sound symbol relationships which is an indication of emerging phonemic awareness. Sounds symbol relationships include writing the initial sounds heard in the words: jumped, caught, and ball. The student also attempted the medial and ending sounds in caught.
A student who reads with expression, appropriate phrasing, and good inflection is described as reading with
A) generalization
B) inference
C) intensity
D) prosody
D) prosody
Prosody is the appropriate use of phrasing and expression to convey meaning, clearly what was described in this question.
After reading a story, a fourth-grade teacher asked the students to compare two characters from the story. Which of the following graphic organizers would best help the students with the assignment?
A) Venn diagram
B) Cluster diagram
C) Sequence chart
D) Flow chart
A) Venn diagram
A Venn diagram is used to compare and contrast two things in a graphic organizer consisting of two overlapping circles. In this example the teacher is asking the students to compare two characters.
Which of the following best describes the use of reading response journals?
A) Students choose books that appeal to them and are at their own instructional level.
B) Students demonstrate skills such as careful observation, critical reasoning, critical thinking, and the ability to justify or contest existing knowledge.
C) Students express their thoughts, feelings, reactions, and questions about a book they are reading.
D) Students identify the characters, setting, conflict and resolution of the story they are reading.
C) Students express their thoughts, feelings, reactions, and questions about a book they are reading.
Reading response journals are utilized in a classroom as a strategy for students to express their thoughts to a book they are reading. It connects reading and writing.
Which of the following is an effective instructional strategy to help English-Language learners (ELLs) become successful readers?
A) Having ELLs listen to recorded versions of stories
B) Giving ELLs books that do not contain illustrations
C) Analyzing story events only in English
D) Having students translate English stories into their native language
A) Having ELLs listen to recorded versions of stories
Listening to language and stories helps ELL students listening for sounds, and helps them imitate successful reading.
Syllabification can be used to help emergent student readers by supporting the students' ability to
A) decode words into units of sound
B) determine letter sounds
C) identify prefixes and suffixes easily
D) recognize the rhythm of a story
A) decode words into units of sound
Syllabication is the act of breaking big words up into smaller parts so they can be pronounced and spelled more easily.
Which list of words would be appropriate for assessing student knowledge of the /t/ sound for the ending -ed?
A) Wanted, sorted, branded
B) Ticked, ditched, nipped
C) Fringed, dodged, hummed
D) Attached, angled, invented
B) Ticked, ditched, nipped
The correct pronunciation of the -ed in these three words is /t/.
Based on an assessment administered at the beginning of the school year, Lola's teacher has determined that she is able to identify the beginning sound or words in context. However, she fails to decode the rest of the word and guesses any word she knows that starts with that sound. Lola most likely has a problem with
A) fluency
B) sight words
C) phonological awareness
D) concept of print
C) phonological awareness
The student has identified the beginning sounds of words but did not continue to decode the other sounds in the words. This area needs to be strengthened so that the student can master the manipulation of spoken sounds before connecting those sounds to their corresponding letters.
In a first-grade class, the teacher reads a story aloud, while the students echo the words after the teacher. Which of the following approaches to reading is described?
A) Reader's workshop
B) Shared reading
C) Round robin
D) Guided reading
B) Shared reading
Shared reading is an interactive reading experience. Children join in the reading of a big book or other enlarged text as guided by a teacher or other experienced reader.
A second-grade teacher demonstrates the act of writing by thinking aloud while composing text on the board. She also asks the students to focus on how she selects interesting vocabulary during the writing process. Which of the following instructional strategies is the teacher using?
A) Modeling
B) Shared writing
C) Guided writing
D) Interactive writing
A) Modeling
This scenario describes the teacher modeling a strategy for students to mimic.
How many phonemes are in the word "straight"?
A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 8
C) 5
When counting phonemes a consonant blend /str/ stands for 3 sounds, after, it is followed by the long /a/ sound and the final /t/ sound for a total of 5.
Which of the following pair of words would a student need to use context clues to derive their connotation?
A) Said and task
B) Brush and ruler
C) Apples and grapes
D) Rug and ready
B) Brush and ruler
Context will determine the meaning of these words (brush: art vs. geography; ruler: math vs. social studies).
Accomodate and television each have how many syllables?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
C) 4
Syllabication is the forming of syllables or the division o f words into syllables. In this case, both words can be divided into 4 word parts. Ac-com-mo-date and te-le-vi-sion
Words that cannot be sounded out according to regular pronunciation rules are called irregular words. Which list below contains irregular words?
A) Man, came, well, in
B) We, him, get, so
C) Do, said, was, of
D) How, had, make, not
C) Do, said, was, of
Irregular words are those in which one or more letters do not represent their most common sounds. For answer choice C - all of these words have irregular pronunciations.
In a one-on-one setting, Mr. Diaz asks his 1st-grade student to do the following tasks:
Listen,/man/. What sound does /man/ start with? Change the first sound in /man/ to /p/. What is the new word? Now change the last sound in /pan/ to /t/. What is the new word?
What skill is Mr. Diaz assessing?
A) Print awareness
B) alphabetic principle
C) decoding in context
D) phoneme substitution
D) phoneme substitution
Students who have firm phonemic awareness are able to manipulate sounds in words to make new words. [Show Less]