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RVE questions & answers rated A+ 2023
Which of the following is the best reason for using flexible grouping in the reading classroom? When teachers use flexible grouping they are considering t... [Show More] he always-changing strengths and weaknesses of students and they can group the students temporarily to best meet instructional needs. The other options do not address the main purpose of using flexible grouping. norm-referenced test Norm-referenced tests allow a student's skills to be compared with the skills of other students in a similar age group. These tests are developed by administering a set of test items to a group of students; the performance of those in the norming group is used as a basis for comparison. Revising During the revision stage in the writing process, students improve the content of their writing. The checklist focuses students by asking them to clarify and refine their ideas by adding, deleting, substituting, and rearranging material. Running record The scenario describes running records. Shared reading, a reader's conference, and a process interview do not yield information about the types of miscues a student makes or the reading strategies a student employs while reading. Shared Reading Shared reading is used to familiarize students with the conventions of spoken and written text. The text is chosen to teach and model specific reading and writing strategies. Vocabulary is explicitly taught during the shared reading in context. Using enlarged text that all students can see, the teacher and the children read together using a pointed to help the children follow along as they are reading. Reader's conference Reader's Workshop uses a similar format to Writer's Workshop. There are several consistent components but there is much variation on how it is implemented in different classrooms. • Mini-lessons on some aspect of literature or a reading strategy. • Independent Reading Time, where students keep a journal and respond to the literature in terms of what they think or how they feel about what they are reading. • Sharing Time where students share with another person their journal entries and the other person gives feedback. Formative assessment Formative assessment takes place during instruction and provides assessment-based feedback to teachers and students. The function is to help teachers and students make adjustments that will improve students' achievement of intended curricular aims. Summative assessment Used to evaluate student learning, skill acquisition, and academic achievement at the conclusion of a defined instructional period—typically at the end of a project, unit, course, semester, program, or school year. Research has shown that reading comprehension improves when teachers provide explicit instruction. According to research cited in Reutzel and Cooter's Strategies for Reading Assessment and Instruction: Helping Every Child Succeed, evidence supports that providing explicit instruction in comprehension strategies improves student literacy development. A sixth-grade student ranked at the 23rd percentile on the Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement. The correct interpretation of this score is that the student scored as well as or better than The student scored as well as or better than 23 percent of the norming population. Percentile indicates what percent of the subjects scored as well as or below this child. A reading specialist conducts a workshop for teachers on use of the directed reading-thinking activity (DRTA) method of instruction. In the model, teachers ask students to first make predictions based on the title and cover of a book. At various points in the story, students stop reading and check the accuracy of their predictions. Predictions are then changed or clarified, and new predictions may be made based on new information the students learned while reading. The DRTA method of instruction is most likely to promote which of the following? A. Applying metacognitive skills to increase comprehension Good readers continually make, revise, or confirm predictions as they read. In this way, they are forming connections between prior knowledge and new information in the text. In making predictions, proficient readers are aware of their own thought processes. The reader is developing metacognition — the ability to think about his or her own thinking. [Show Less]
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RVE Practice Questions and answers latest 2023
Sea and see, fair and fare, are called: Homophones. Homophones are a type of homonym that sound alike, but are spelled differently and have differnt meani... [Show More] ngs. Other examples are two, to, and too; their, they're, and there. Another name for a persuasive essay is Arguentative essay. The goal of a persuasive essay is to convince the reader that the author's position or opinion on a controversial topic is correct. That opinion or position is called the argument. A persuasive essay argues a series of points, supported by facts and evidence. A teacher is working with a group of third graders at the same reading level. Her goal is to imrpve reading fluency. She asks each child in turn to read a page from a book about mamal young. She asks the children to read with expression. She also reminds them they don't need to stop between each word; they should read as quickly as they comfortably can. She cautions them, however, not to read so quickly that they leave out or misread a word. The teacher knows the components of reading fluency are: Rate, accuracy, and prosody. Fluent readers are able to read smoothly and comfortably at a steady pace (rate). The more quickly a child reads, the greater the chance of leaving out a word or substituting one word for another (for example, sink instead of shrink). fluent readers are able to maintain accuracy without sacrificing rate. Fluent readers also stress important words in a text, group words into rhythimic phrases, and read with intonation (prosody). "Language load" refers to" The number of unrecognizable words an English Language Learner encounters when reading a passage or listening to a teacher. Language load is one of the barriers English Language Learners face. To lightern this load, a teacher can ephrase, eliminate unnecessary words, divide complex sentences into smaller units, and teahc essential vocabulary before the student begins the lesson. A syllable must contain: A vowel. A syllable is a minimal sound unit arranged around a vowel. For example, academic has four syllables: a/ca/dem/ic. It is possible for a syllable to be a single vowel, as in the above example. It is not possible for a syllable to be a single consonant. A third-grade teacher has several students reading above grade level. Most of the remaiing students are reading at grade level. there are also a few students reading below grade level. She decides to experiment. Her hypothesis is that by giving the entire class a chapter book above grade level, high-level readers will be satisfied, grade-level readers will be challenged, in a positvie way, and students reading below grade level will be inspired to improve. Her method is most likely to: Fail, producing students at a Frustration reading level. Those reading below grade level are likely to give up entirely. Those reading at grade level are likely to get frustrated and form habits that will actually slow down their development. Of the three tiers of words, the most important words for direct instruction are: Tier-two words. Tier-two words are words that are used with high frequency across a variety of disciplines or words with multiple meanings. They are characteristic of mature language users. Knowing these words is crucial to attaining an acceptable level of reading comprehension and communication skills. At the beginning of each month, Mr. Yi has Jade read a page or two from a book she hasn't seen before, He notes the total number or words in the section, and also notes the number of times she leaves out or misreads a word. If Jade reads the passage with less than 3% error, Mr. Yi is satisfiedl that Jade is: Reading at her Inderpendent reading level. When reading independently, students are at the correct level if they read with at least 97% accuracy. The purpose of corrective feedback is: To correct an error in reading a student has made, specifically clarifying where and how the error was made so that the student can avoid similar errors in the future. Dr. Jenks is working with a group of high school students. They are about to read a science book about fossils. Before they begin, she writes the words stomatolites, fossilferous, and eocene on the board. She explains the meaning of each word. The words are examples of: Content-specific words-Because these words are specific to paleontology, it's unlikely the students know their meanings. Without understanding what these words mean, the students would not be able to understand the content of the passage they were about to read. Which of the following best explains the importance prior knowledge brings to the act of reading? Prior knowledge is knowledge the student brings from previous life or learning experiences to the act of reading. It is not possible for a student to fully comprehend new knowledge without first intergrating it with prior knowledge. A cloze test evaluates a student's: Understanding of context and vocabulary. In a cloze test, a reader is given a text with certain words blocked out. The reader must be able to determine probable missing words based on contextual cludes. In order to supply these words, the reader mustt already know them. Sight words are: Common words with irregular spelling. Sigh words occur in many tupesor writing; they are high-frequency words. Sigh words are also words iwth irregular spelling. Some examples of sight words include talk, some, and the, Fluent readers need to recognize these words visually. Phone, they, church. The underline letters in these words are examples of: Consonant digraph. A consonant digraph is group of consonants in which all letters represent a single sound. Phonemic awareness is a type of: Phonological awareness. Phonemic awareness is the ability to recognize sounds within words. Segmenting words and blending sounds are components of phonemic awareness. Phonological awareness includes an understanding of multiple components of spoken language. Ability to hear individual words iwithin a vocalized stream and ability to identify spoken sullables are types of phonological awareness. All members of a group of kindegarten students early in the year are able to chant the alphabet. The teacher is now teaching the students what the alphabet looks like in written form. The teacher point to a letter and the students vocalize the correspondent sound. Alternatively, the teacher vocalizes a phoneme and a student points to it on the alphabet chart. The teacher is using _______ in her instruction. Letter-sound correspondence-relies on the relationshop between a spoken sound or group of sounds and the letters conventionally used in English to write them. A fourth-grade teacher is preparing her students for a reading test in which a number of words have been replaced with blanks. The test will be multiple-choice; there are three possible answers given for each blank. The teacher instructs the children to read all the the possible answers and cross out any answer that obviously doesn't fit. Next, the students should "plug in" the remaining choices and eliminate any that are grammatically incorrect or illogical. Finally, the sudent should consider contextual clues in order to select the best answer. This is an example of: Strategy instruction involves teaching a methodic approach to solving a reading problem . It consists of strategies done in steps which aid the reader in eliminsting incorrect responses. The term "common words" means Familiar, frequently used words that do not need to be taught beyond primary grades. Common or basic words are the first tier of three-tier words. These words are widely used across the spoken and written spectrum. some examples are walk, go, wish, the, look, happy, and always. this essential vocabulary is taught early in a reader's instruction, and beyond that it need not be taught. Which is greater, the number of English phonemes or the number of letters in the alphabet? The number of phonemes. A phoneme is the smallest measure of language sound. English language phonemes, about 40 in mumbe rare composed of individual letters as well as letter combinations. A number of letters have more than one associated sound. for example, "c" can be pronounced as hard "c" (cake) or a soft "c" (Cynthia). Vowels in particular have a number of possible pronunciations. Train, brain, spring. The underlined letters are examples of: Consonant blend regers to a group of consonants in which each letter represents a separate sound. [Show Less]
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RVE STUDY GUIDE questions with complete solutions 2023
Flexible grouping -tailor instruction to address students changing needs -group students to meet their instructional needs at that time Purpose of... [Show More] norm-reference test Indicating where a student performs in comparison of a group of similar students Conventional writing stage -students have a basic grasp of writing words -write with a purpose -storybook language "once upon a time" running record -assessment tool for coding, scoring, and analyzing a students oral reading behavior After administering a phonemic awareness test, which of the following is the most appropriate next step a teacher would take with students who scored low on the assessment? -teaching blending and segmenting sounds Teaching strategies like predicting, previewing, monitoring comprehension while reading, generating questions, and summarizing are important because? -Research has shown that reading comprehension improves when teachers provide explicit instruction -providing explicit instruction in comprehension strategies improves student literacy development. Are standardized, norm-reference and reading assessments effective in diagnosing the reading of individual students? NO -are ineffective in regards to diagnosing the reading needs of individual students. -the data can assess program quality or level of student achievement relative to the composite scores of other students and only generic data -The data cannot pinpoint the "micro" data of student strengths and weaknesses in the skills and content that teachers need to assess. Are informal reading inventories (IRI's) effective in diagnosing the reading of individual students? YES - they are collection of word lists and leveled passages that are used to provide a quick snapshot of students' reading abilities -determine a student's reading level, and they focus primarily on literal recall as a means to determine comprehension. Are formative assessments effective in diagnosing the reading of individual students? YES -the are on-the-spot assessments given while our students are reading or engaging in pre and post reading activities -This type of assessment should be given frequently to provide feedback on our lessons and student progress. The Directed reading-thinking activity (DRTA) method of instruction is most likely to promote which of the following? -applying metacognitive skills to increase comprehension Metacognitive skills "ability to think about his or her own thinking" -planing how to approach learning task -using skills/ strategies to solve problem -monitoring one's own comprehension -self-assessing/ self-correcting -evaluation progress towards completion of task Stanine score -a measure used to report a student's performance compared to that of other students -9 point scale -below average: 1,2,3 -average: 4,5,6 -above average: 7,8,9 Analytic scoring rubric: -specific information to guide instruction to improve students' writing abilities -students receive specific feedback on their performance Holistic scoring rubric: -general -list 3-5 levels of performance with a broad description of each level Example: 4: all food is cooked 3: all food is cooked but not plated 2: some food cooked 1: no food cooked Phonemic Awareness -The Yopp-Singer test of phoneme segmentation is used to assess this -sounds [Show Less]
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RVE: Reading For Virginia Educators Key Terms fully solved to pass 2023
Alliteration Repetition of the initial phoneme in connected text. Affix A general term that refers to prefixes and suffixes Analogy Compar... [Show More] ing two sets of words to show some common similarity between the sets. Example: cat is to kitten as dog is to puppy. Bloom's Taxonomy A system for categorizing levels of abstraction of questions that commonly occur in educational settings. E.S.A.A.C.K Evaluation, synthesis, analysis, application, comprehension, knowledge Chunking A decoding strategy for breaking words into manageable parts. Ex yes/ter/day Coarticulation While saying one sound, the lips, tongue etc are starting to form the sound to follow. This is called: Cognates Words that are related to each other by virtue of being derived from a common origin. Ex 'decisive' and 'decision' Consonant Blend Two consonants and two sounds are a: (example: /bl/ in block; /str/ in string) Consonant Digraph Two consecutive consonants that represent one sound. Example: /ch/, /sh/ Continuous Sounds Sounds that can be held for several seconds without distortion. Ex: /m/, /s/ Derivational Affix A prefix or suffix added to a root or base word to form another word. (Example: un- in unhappy or -ness in likeness Dipthong A vowel produced by the tongue shifting position during articulation. Ex: ow, oy, ou, oi Digraphs A group of two consecutive letters whose phonetic value is a single sound (example: /ch/ in chat, /ng/ in sing Empirical Research Refers to scientifically based research that applies rigorous systematic, and objective procedures to obtain valid knowledge. Etymology The origin and history of a word is called: Explicit Instruction This type of instruction involves direct explanation. The actions of the teacher are very clear and it is clear what the students are to do and learn. Expository Text Informational text that tends to be more difficult for students than narrative text because of the long, difficult, and unknown words or word parts. Expressive Language Language that is spoken The five components of reading Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Floss Rule Words of one syllable ending in "f" "l" or "s" Fluency The ability to read quickly, accurately, and with proper expression. Fluency Probe An assessment for measuring fluency. Frayer Model An adaptation of the c [Show Less]
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RVE Assessment and Diagnostic Teaching fully solved 2023
Norm-referenced assessment Norm-referenced assessments are those that compare a student's scores or achievement to that of his or her peers. Examples incl... [Show More] ude ACT and SAT exams. Students do not fail these tests. Instead, they are given a score which is compared to other students to determine where they fall within a group of their peers. Criterion-referenced assessments Used to show what a student know and can do. Most state achievement tests are criterion-referenced. Most of the time, these assessments have a set standard that the students are expected to achieve. Informal Reading Inventories An assessment or survey given by a student's regular teacher to help determine the needs of that student. These inventories usually consist of three parts. The teacher should assess the student before the reading takes place, during oral presentation, and after the reading for literal and inferential comprehension. Informal reading inventories should not be used alone to determine the instructional needs of a student. Anecdotal Records Are written records of a student's progress and development over time. This includes social, emotional, physical, and intellectual development. A teacher compiles these records, usually on a day-to-day basis, and notes the specific time and date of each occurrence. Anecdotal records are always kept in a positive tone. Reading Levels The best way for a reading specialist to assess a student's reading levels and plan proper instruction is to administer an informal reading inventory. An Informal reading inventory is an assessment given by the teacher and is used to discover an individuals strengths and weaknesses. The student reads aloud specific passages selected by the teacher as the teacher takes notes on his or her performance. The student also is asked comprehension questions after the reading. Reading levels are determined by the percentage of words correctly read and the percentage of comprehension questions correctly answered. After the assessment, the teacher uses those percentages to plan instruction tailored to the student. Print Concepts One way to assess a child's knowledge of concepts of print is to have the student orally read a simple book or text to you. Even if the child cannot read, "pretend reading" can give insight into his or her knowledge of concepts of print. For Example , if he or she holds the book correctly and turns the pages properly, it shows knowledge of how print is organized and that each page carries meaning. The student also may show an understanding of the connection between spoken words and words that are written. This is shown by turning the pages of the book as he or she tells the story. You may also have the student move his or her fingers across the words he or she is "reading" This will help assess the knowledge of the directionality of print. If the student struggles with any of these concepts, then additional instruction may be needed Phonemic skills Students phonemic awareness skills can be assessed through both written test and oral test written test may involve giving the students a list of words have them separate each word into individual full names for example if the written word cat appears on the test students should put lines through the word to show the separation in this instance cat would be the correct answer you can also quiz each student verbally for example you may ask listen to the word set how many sounds do you hear verbalize verbal quizzes are also more effective for testing the phonemic awareness skills of blending separate phoning to form a word and phoneme substitution for example you could ask the student listen to The Sounds bull together what word does that make this could not be done with a written test by examining answers from both test you will be able to properly assess each student strengths and in which areas they require help Letter recognition Letter recognition skills can also be assessed through both all test and written test and example of an oil test would be to write every letter of the alphabet on the board as you point to each letter have the students say its name written test are also effective and can say valuable time call out the names of letters and have each student write them down on paper this way saves time because you can test all the students at the same time with the old test you can only test wants to do a daytime with either test be sure that you don't only test them in alphabetical order some students may only memorize to order of the alphabet and not each individual letter therefore it is important to mixed up the order of the letters doing testing Sound symbols ... one way to assess a child's sound symbol knowledge history allow a passage and then have the student write down what you said. For example let's say you are assessing the students knowledge of the sound. Read all the sentences Chuck likes sounds. He likes chocolate. I have the student write these down. If the writing look something like Chuck lights sounds. He likes chocolate then the student is showing good awareness of sound. However if the student write something like chick like sounds Mispronunciations A student miss pronounce is the words one some come and where we're reading out loud. All these words are words that have a regular spellings and must be recognized by the student on site. They cannot be sound it out or figured out by using phonics. For example the student may have try to sell out the word where and pronounce it as the word were. Even if the student correct some so for her so the initial mistreating of the word shows that he or she needs help with such words. The student would best benefit from a teacher's instruction that would help him or her recognize and memorize the sight words [Show Less]
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RVE vocabulary test practice questions with complete solutions 2023
advanced readers highly skilled readers and writers capable of reading different genres of texts for different purposes with speed, accuracy, and comprehe... [Show More] nsion; acquire Greek- and Latin- derived vocabulary affix most commonly a suffix or prefix attached to a base word, stem, or root affricate speech sound produced when breath stream is stopped and released at the point of articulation, usually where the tip of the tongue rubs against the roof of the mouth just behind the teeth when producing the final sound in the word clutch or the beginning sound in trip alliteration occurance in a phrase or line of speech of two or more words having the same beginning sound alphabetic writing system containing characters or symbols representing individual speech sounds alphabetic layer of instruction first layer of word study instruction focusing on letters and letter-sound correspondences alphabetic principle concept that letters and letter combinations are used to represent phonemes in orthography alternation patterns regular pattern of change in moving from one word to another (perspire/perspiration) ambiguous vowels vowel sound represented by a variety of different spelling patterns or vowel patterns representing a wide range of sounds analytic word study that divides words into their elemental parts through phonemic and orthographic analysis articulation how sounds are shaped in the mouth during speech; guides some invented spellings; some confusions in spelling based on similarities in articulation assimilated/absorbed prefixes spelling and sound of the consonant in a prefix has been assimilated into the same spelling and sound at the beginning of the root or base to which the prefix is attached (ad+ tract=attract) automaticity refers to the speed and accuracy of word recognition and spelling; goal of word study instruction; frees cognitive resources for comprehension [Show Less]
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RVE Study Guide questions and answers latest 2023
Affix A morpheme or meaningful part of a word attached before or after a root or base word to modify its meaning; a category that includes prefixes and su... [Show More] ffixes. Alphabetic Principle The use of letters and letter combinations to represent phonemes in an orthography. Automaticity Fluent performance without the conscious deployment of attention Base word A free morpheme, usually of Anglo-Saxon origin, to which affixes can be added. Blend A consonant sequence before or after a vowel within a syllable, such as cl, br, or st; also called "consonant blend." Book talk A discussion of one or more books by a teacher, librarian, or student to introduce books and to induce others to read them. Bound morpheme A morpheme, usually of Latin origin in English, that cannot stand alone but is used to form a family of words with related meanings. A bound root (such as -fer) has meaning only in combination with a prefix and/or a suffix. [Show Less]
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RVE - Practice Test Questions and answers 100%correct
Which of the following is an expository type of writing? Announcement Advertisement Journal Poem Film review Announcement Th... [Show More] e primary purpose of expository writing is to provide information or directions. Advertisements and film reviews are persuasive style of writing. A journal is a narrative type of writing. A poem is creative or descriptive. What is a criticism of a direct writing assessment? Uncertain composition. Does not show complete knowledge. Relevance to topic. Subjectivity of graders. Breaks down writing skills. Subjectivity of graders Direct writing assignments assess the final product that the students write. Most standardized tests are direct writing assignments. A lack of subjectivity from graders is a common criticism of the test. The words run, runs, ran, and running are all forms of the same Lexeme Morpheme Phoneme Homophone Grapheme Lexeme A lexeme is the fundamental unit of the lexicon (word stock) of a language. A lexeme may include a number of inflected variations, such as run, runs, ran, and running Pupils with difficulties in this area may have word-finding problems, difficulty with word classification, difficulty developing more than a literal understanding of a text, and /or a poor short-term auditory memory. Consonant clusters Orthography Semantics Morphology Syntax Semantics Semantic knowledge is the ability to understand narrative. This includes the ability to understand the meanings of words in different contexts, as well as a knowledge of the meaning of relationships between words. Students come across the abbreviation for the term, terrace, while reading. Of the following, which is the abbreviation for the term? Terr. Te. Ter. Tace. Terra. Ter. The other options are never used as an abbreviation for this term. TER is also appropriate. Which of the following is NOT a prosodic feature of fluency? Over articulation. Pitch. Loudness. Speed. Pause. Over articulation There are three main elements of fluency. These are rate, accuracy, and prosody. Also within fluency, there are "prosodic" and "para-linguistic" features to consider. Over articulation is a para-linguistic feature. Which of the following would benefit most from the modeling approach to instruction? A student who reads too quickly A student who has trouble with spelling A student who finds it difficult to translate ideas into writing A student who often confuses the letters "b" and "d" A student who has a limited sight word vocabulary A student who reads too quickly The modeling approach to instruction involves showing students how to perform a task so that they can learn through imitation. Of these choices, the most appropriate use of modeling would be to demonstrate an appropriate reading rate to a student who reads too quickly. The reading issues in the other choices could not be addressed effectively through modeling. Which of the following is not a part of the Multisensory Structured Language (MSL) method being utilized with students in Ms. Hatcher's class? Students perform multiple tasks simultaneously. It emphasizes whole-word learning. It teaches grammar and syntax. It differentiates between syllable types. It encourages students to focus on letters and print. It emphasizes whole-word learning Some methods focus on the development of sight vocabulary, but MSL focuses on the instruction of the alphabetic code. This method teaches language structure: grapheme-phoneme correspondence, grammar, syntax, morphology, and syllables. All but which of the following activities can be used to help children develop oral language skills? Story sequencing Dramatics Storytelling Singing Story sequencing Dramatics, storytelling, and singing are all sound methods for the development of oral language development. Story sequencing is a way to help children develop listening skills. In story sequencing, a child is presented with a number of story scenarios. That child must then arrange the scenarios into the sequence that they would appear in a story. The reading specialist is selecting a book for one of her first grade students with comprehension difficulties. Which of the following would she MOST likely choose? Clifford the Big Red Dog. Kids of Polk Street School. Horrible Harry. Nothing but the Truth: A Documentary Novel. Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry. Clifford the Big Red Dog Kids of Polk Street School and Horrible Harry are more suitable for second and third graders with comprehension difficulties. Nothing but the Truth: A Documentary Novel is for fourth and fifth graders and Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, for sixth graders. A teacher can most effectively assess a student's comprehension of a story by A - Giving a vocabulary test with words used in the story. B - Asking the student to name the main characters in the story. C - Asking which characters the student liked or disliked. D - Asking the student to describe the first thing and the last thing that happened in the story. E - Asking the student why something happened in the story. E - Asking the student why something happened in the story. Naming the characters in a story (B) or describing the first and last things that happened (D) would provide evidence of a superficial familiarity with the story, but not real comprehension. Likewise, having a student take a vocabulary test (A) or classify characters as likable or unlikable (C) would provide no real evidence of comprehension. Of these choices, the best way to assess comprehension would be to ask a student why something happened in the story (E). Which of the following is an example of what you should do when reading aloud to students to teach inference skills? Explain what the text means. Reiterate the main idea. Tell students that the ideas you get from the text are the same as what they should get. Explain what your thought process is when trying to understand a text. Reassure students that you never have problems understanding texts. Explain what your thought process is when trying to understand a text When reading aloud to a class it is easy to start summarizing and explaining the main idea of the text, but that is not the objective of the lesson. Additionally, you should assure your students that texts can have different meanings to different people, and that you yourself are not perfect and are capable of making mistakes. When explaining assessments to faculty, parents, or counselors what needs to be explained? A. Previous assessments and the results of the current one B. The purpose and parameters of the assessment, the results of the assessment, and steps taken to improve performance C. The purpose of the assessment, which assessments were used before, and the results of the assessment D. Which assessments were used before, the purpose of the assessment, and steps taken to improve performance E. Results and steps taken to improve performance B. The purpose and parameters of the assessment, the results of the assessment, and steps taken to improve performance In order to understand an assessment, it is important to grasp the background. People need to realize which assessment is used and why. This allows them to better grasp the results and the steps being taken to improve performance. What is an example of an conclusion signal word, which helps students comprehend reading material? If. Significant factor. Hence. Instead of. Right. Hence Conclusion signal words indicate the end of a discussion is near. Some examples are "all in all", "in short", and "last of all". [Show Less]
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Reading for Virginia Educators (RVE): 0306/5306 questions and answers 2023
To effectively promote family involvement in literacy activities, teachers can encourage parents to A) buy comics and story books B) get their child a ... [Show More] library card C) discuss stories and experiences at home D) volunteer in the school's media center C) discuss stories and experiences at home This practice is recommended based upon research by Jim Trelease and the National Institute of Education's Commission on Reading. Discussing stories and experiences at home promotes family involvement and the increase of oral language and vocabulary development, both critical to achieving literacy success. Which of the following should be the primary focus when using a holistic rubric to score a writing assignment? A) The overall structure and quality B) The appropriate use of vocabulary C) The student's performance on a specific criterion D) The levels of performance for each criteria A) The overall structure and quality Holistic rubrics assess the student's work as a whole, not just portions of the assessment. The overall structure and quality of the rubric is the primary focus and will help the teacher assess properly and with more accuracy. Which of the following strategies will be most beneficial for students during the revising stage of the writing process? A) Using a graphic organizer B) Brainstorming ideas as a class C) Holding peer conferences D) Typing their work on the computer C) Holding peer conferences Holding peer conferences is a strategy you use during the revising stage of writing. Students in a sixth-grade class are preparing to give an oral report on a famous writer they have researched. Which of the following strategies would be most effective in helping the student prepare for speaking before an audience? A) Providing a copy of the report to all the students in the classroom B) Writing key words on note cards and referring to the cards during the presentation C) Memorizing the entire report before the presentation D) Creating a media based presentation to read the report directly from B) Writing key words on note cards and referring to the cards during the presentation Writing key words on not cards and referring to them during the presentation can provide students with the necessary outline of ideas in case they forget any details. During a writing class, the teacher asks the students to identify the purpose of their wring, select an audience, and outline the main ideas of the topic. The students are most likely at which stage of writing? A) Publishing B) Editing C) Drafting D) Prewriting D) Prewriting All of these steps are actions taken by a teacher before students being writing. Which of the following activities involves structural analysis? A) Students identify the beginning, middle, and end sounds in words B) Students use individual sounds to blend the letters that make up a word C) Students identify the number of syllables that make up different words D) Students unlock the meaning of a word by considering the word parts D) Students unlock the meaning of a word by considering the word parts Structural analysis deals with how the structure of words (including word parts) can help people identify the meaning. While observing a student reading, the teacher notices that the student does not match letters with their correct sounds. The student is most likely having problems with A) comprehension B) syntax C) graphophonic cues D) reading fluency C) graphophonic cues Graph (means print) and phonic (means sounds) - meaning, letter/sound correspondence - the skill identified as troublesome for the student. Which of the following is the primary purpose of asking a student to retell a story? A) To measure the student's level of comprehension B) To measure the student's vocabulary development C) To determine the student's fluency rate D) To determine the student's oral reading progress A) To measure the student's level of comprehension Retelling is an informal assessment of reading comprehension. - Sending classroom newsletters - Requesting classroom volunteers - Making regular phone calls - Establishing a book loan program All of the above mentioned practices how a teacher's support of A) lesson planning B) cooperative learning C) homework D) parental involvement D) parental involvement Classroom newsletters, requesting classroom volunteers, making positive phone class home, and integrating a book loan program within your classroom all promote parental involvement with their child's learning. Which of the following terms describes the understanding that spoken words consist of a sequence of individual sounds? A) Morphology B) Phonemic awareness C) Graphophonic cues D) Syntax B) Phonemic awareness The question (Understanding that spoken words consist of a sequence of individual sounds) is clearly defining phonemic awareness. Mr. Jones has a new student in his class and he would like to use assessment data to inform his instruction and his selection of instructional reading materials. He could best determine the student's independent, instructional, and frustration reading levels by: A) Administering a norm-referenced reading test. B) Having students complete a CLOZE assessment. C) Conducting an Informal Reading Inventory. D) Reviewing the previous year's SOL scores in reading. C) Conducting an Informal Reading Inventory. Conducting an Informal Reading Inventory would be the best way to determine the student's independent, instructional, and frustration reading levels. This information would be helpful to a teacher both for instruction and selection of instructional reading materials. Which of the following processes can a teacher use before a reading activity, to activate the students' prior knowledge? A) Literacy circles B) Structural analysis C) Semantic mapping D) Word creation C) Semantic mapping Semantic mapping is a visual strategy for vocabulary expansion and extension of knowledge by displaying in categories words related to one another. Semantic mapping is an adaptation of concept definition mapping but builds on student's prior knowledge or schema. A beneficial strategy for students during the revising stage of the writing process is A) using a graphic organizer B) brainstorming ideas C) peer conferences D) typing their work on the computer C) peer conferences This strategy is used during the revising stage of writing. Both A and B are performed during the pre-writing stage. Having students type their work does not promote the revising stage of writing. Therefore, it is incorrect. A student pronounces the word flat as fat. Instruction in which of the following areas will most likely benefit the student? A) Consonant digraphs B) Graphemes C) Consonant blends D) Dipthongs C) Consonant blends Consonant blends are a sequence of two or three consonants, each of which is heard with minimal change. A teacher asks a student to break a word into its individual sounds by moving a marker for each sound. This is an example of which type of phonemic awareness task? A) Deleting phonemes B) Adding phonemes C) Substituting phonemes D) Segmenting phonemes D) Segmenting phonemes This is an example of segmenting phonemes. During a writing assignment, a beginning kindergarten student wrote "I lv m d", meaning "I love my dog". Which of the following stages of early writing development does the student's writing reflect? A) Phonetic B) Semi-phonetic C) Transitional D) Conventional B) Semi-phonetic In the semi-phonetic stage, spelling is characterized by the letter sound correspondence, clearly visible with the way the student spelled his/her sentence. A fourth-grade teacher is developing a writing assignment, the goal of which is to help students persuade readers to agree with an opinion. Which of the following writing prompts is most appropriate in the situation? A) Describe your favorite television show. B) Write a new episode of your favorite television show. C) How are the television shows you watch different than the shows your parents watched when they were your age? D) Should a limit be placed on the amount of time children spend watching television? D) Should a limit be placed on the amount of time children spend watching television? This prompt requires students to form a position and support it with reasons. Gerald is reading a story that has several new vocabulary words. He is using the events of the story and the text around the new vocabulary words to understand the meaning of the words. Which of the following strategies is Gerald using? A) Context clues B) Self monitoring C) Semantic mapping D) Morphology A) Context clues It refers to people using words or sentences around an unfamiliar word to help clarify its meaning, clearly what Gerald did in this situation. A student is actively engaged in reading a book and makes judgments and decisions beyond what is stated in the text. Which of the following comprehension methods is the student using? A) Inferential B) Literal C) Vocabulary D) Internal A) Inferential Inferential questions required students to go use their background knowledge and the clues within the story and answer questions based on that. This process is exactly what this student was actively engaged in. Many of Ms. Nucera's kindergarten students are beginning to use invented spelling when writing. From the writing sample below obtained during the second quarter of the school year, she can determine that: (See Page 49 in Chapter 7 of study guide for picture) HejKotB "She jumped up and caught the ball" A) the student has an emerging understanding of sound symbol relationships B) the student understands that letters go from left to right, but cannot yet match speech to print C) the student displays an emerging concept of word boundaries D) the student understands that each syllable must contain a vowel sound A) the student has an emerging understanding of sound symbol relationships Analysis of the writing sample indicates that the student has at least an emerging understanding of sound symbol relationships which is an indication of emerging phonemic awareness. Sounds symbol relationships include writing the initial sounds heard in the words: jumped, caught, and ball. The student also attempted the medial and ending sounds in caught. A student who reads with expression, appropriate phrasing, and good inflection is described as reading with A) generalization B) inference C) intensity D) prosody D) prosody Prosody is the appropriate use of phrasing and expression to convey meaning, clearly what was described in this question. After reading a story, a fourth-grade teacher asked the students to compare two characters from the story. Which of the following graphic organizers would best help the students with the assignment? A) Venn diagram B) Cluster diagram C) Sequence chart D) Flow chart A) Venn diagram A Venn diagram is used to compare and contrast two things in a graphic organizer consisting of two overlapping circles. In this example the teacher is asking the students to compare two characters. Which of the following best describes the use of reading response journals? A) Students choose books that appeal to them and are at their own instructional level. B) Students demonstrate skills such as careful observation, critical reasoning, critical thinking, and the ability to justify or contest existing knowledge. C) Students express their thoughts, feelings, reactions, and questions about a book they are reading. D) Students identify the characters, setting, conflict and resolution of the story they are reading. C) Students express their thoughts, feelings, reactions, and questions about a book they are reading. Reading response journals are utilized in a classroom as a strategy for students to express their thoughts to a book they are reading. It connects reading and writing. Which of the following is an effective instructional strategy to help English-Language learners (ELLs) become successful readers? A) Having ELLs listen to recorded versions of stories B) Giving ELLs books that do not contain illustrations C) Analyzing story events only in English D) Having students translate English stories into their native language A) Having ELLs listen to recorded versions of stories Listening to language and stories helps ELL students listening for sounds, and helps them imitate successful reading. Syllabification can be used to help emergent student readers by supporting the students' ability to A) decode words into units of sound B) determine letter sounds C) identify prefixes and suffixes easily D) recognize the rhythm of a story A) decode words into units of sound Syllabication is the act of breaking big words up into smaller parts so they can be pronounced and spelled more easily. Which list of words would be appropriate for assessing student knowledge of the /t/ sound for the ending -ed? A) Wanted, sorted, branded B) Ticked, ditched, nipped C) Fringed, dodged, hummed D) Attached, angled, invented B) Ticked, ditched, nipped The correct pronunciation of the -ed in these three words is /t/. Based on an assessment administered at the beginning of the school year, Lola's teacher has determined that she is able to identify the beginning sound or words in context. However, she fails to decode the rest of the word and guesses any word she knows that starts with that sound. Lola most likely has a problem with A) fluency B) sight words C) phonological awareness D) concept of print C) phonological awareness The student has identified the beginning sounds of words but did not continue to decode the other sounds in the words. This area needs to be strengthened so that the student can master the manipulation of spoken sounds before connecting those sounds to their corresponding letters. In a first-grade class, the teacher reads a story aloud, while the students echo the words after the teacher. Which of the following approaches to reading is described? A) Reader's workshop B) Shared reading C) Round robin D) Guided reading B) Shared reading Shared reading is an interactive reading experience. Children join in the reading of a big book or other enlarged text as guided by a teacher or other experienced reader. A second-grade teacher demonstrates the act of writing by thinking aloud while composing text on the board. She also asks the students to focus on how she selects interesting vocabulary during the writing process. Which of the following instructional strategies is the teacher using? A) Modeling B) Shared writing C) Guided writing D) Interactive writing A) Modeling This scenario describes the teacher modeling a strategy for students to mimic. How many phonemes are in the word "straight"? A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 8 C) 5 When counting phonemes a consonant blend /str/ stands for 3 sounds, after, it is followed by the long /a/ sound and the final /t/ sound for a total of 5. Which of the following pair of words would a student need to use context clues to derive their connotation? A) Said and task B) Brush and ruler C) Apples and grapes D) Rug and ready B) Brush and ruler Context will determine the meaning of these words (brush: art vs. geography; ruler: math vs. social studies). Accomodate and television each have how many syllables? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 C) 4 Syllabication is the forming of syllables or the division o f words into syllables. In this case, both words can be divided into 4 word parts. Ac-com-mo-date and te-le-vi-sion Words that cannot be sounded out according to regular pronunciation rules are called irregular words. Which list below contains irregular words? A) Man, came, well, in B) We, him, get, so C) Do, said, was, of D) How, had, make, not C) Do, said, was, of Irregular words are those in which one or more letters do not represent their most common sounds. For answer choice C - all of these words have irregular pronunciations. In a one-on-one setting, Mr. Diaz asks his 1st-grade student to do the following tasks: Listen,/man/. What sound does /man/ start with? Change the first sound in /man/ to /p/. What is the new word? Now change the last sound in /pan/ to /t/. What is the new word? What skill is Mr. Diaz assessing? A) Print awareness B) alphabetic principle C) decoding in context D) phoneme substitution D) phoneme substitution Students who have firm phonemic awareness are able to manipulate sounds in words to make new words. [Show Less]
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Semantic the study of meaning, the study of linguistic development by classifying and examining changes in meaning and form. Syntax the study of t... [Show More] he rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language, the study of the patterns of formation of sentences and phrases from words, In linguistics, the study of the rules that govern the ways in which words combine to form phrases, clauses, and sentences. Syntax is one of the major components of grammar, The arrangement of words in a sentence. Semiphonetic writing that demonstrates some awareness that letters represent speech sounds Phonemes the smallest unit of speech that distinguishes one word from another, t of tug and r of rug \Phoneme matching the ability to identify words that begin with the same sound. Phoneme isolation the ability to isolate a single sound from within a word. Phoneme blending the ability to blend individual sounds into a word. Phoneme segmentation the ability to break a word into individual sounds. Phoneme manipulation the ability to modify, change, or move the individual sounds in a word. Phoneme segmentation process of dividing a spoken word into the smallest units of sound within that word Phonemic awareness the ability to consciously manipulate individual phonemes in a spoken language, ability to tap count or push a penny forward for every sound heard in a word Phonetic representing the sounds of speech with a set of distinct symbols (letters) each denoting a single sound Paralanguage refers to the non-verbal elements of communication used to modify meaning and convey emotion. Paralanguage may be expressed consciously or unconsciously, and it includes the pitch, volume, and, in some cases, intonation of speech. Sometimes the definition is restricted to vocally-produced sounds. The study is known as paralinguistics. The term 'paralanguage' should not be confused with kinesics, or the study of body language. While kinesics is non-linguistic, it is not necessarily related to vocal or written language: paralanguage is. Formal assessments (norm and criterion) Formal assessments have data which support the conclusions made from the test. We usually refer to these types of tests as standardized measures. These tests have been tried before on students and have statistics which support the conclusion such as the student is reading below average for his age. The data is mathematically computed and summarized. Scores such as percentiles, stanines, or standard scores are mostly commonly given from this type of assessment. Informal assessments (reading inventories) Informal assessments are not data driven but rather content and performance driven. For example, running records are informal assessments because they indicate how well a student is reading a specific book. Scores such as 10 correct out of 15, percent of words read correctly, and most rubric scores; are given from this type of assessment. [Show Less]
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