PID definition Correct ans - Any infection ascending from the vagina or cervic to the internal upper reproductive organs
S/S of PID Correct ans -
... [Show More] Pelvic pain, lower abd pain, pain with cervical motion, genital tract infection
Causes of PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) Correct ans - Multiple partners, past STI, IUD, failure to use contraceptives, D&C, abortion with vacuum curettage, hysterosalingogram
Risk factors for PID Correct ans - Sexually active women, women with multiple partners, frequent intercourse, intercourse without protection, hx of previous STD's or pelvis infection, IUD use aggravates the problem, early age at first intercourse, intercourse with someone with STD or hx of STD and previous pelvic infection.
obstructive male infertility Correct ans - Repeat infections, vasectomy , swelling
Non-obstructive male infertility Correct ans - R/t sperm (motility, number )
Prostate cancer treatment Correct ans - SX/RAD/CHEMO Radiation implants
Prostate Cancer treatment SE Correct ans - More female like, hot flashes, increase in breast tissues, mood swings
Breast Cancer Risk factors Correct ans - - Age over 50
- Family history, mother, grandmother, sister
- Personal history
- First pregnancy after the age of 30
-HRT
ovarian cancer risk factors Correct ans - -Age over 40 or postmenopausal
-Nulliparous (never given birth)
-Northern American or Northern European descent
-Personal history of breast, colon, or endometrial cancer
-Obesity
-Use of fertility drugs
-Long-term use of hormone replacement therapy
-Family history of ovarian cancer
cervical cancer risk factors Correct ans - -Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection
-Smoking
-Early age at first sexual intercourse.
-Multiple sexual partners and/or partners who have multiple partners.
-Multiple pregnancies
amenorrhea Correct ans - absence of menstruation
Causes of amenorrhea Correct ans - Hypothalamus: Kallmans Syndrome & Stress
Pituitary: Tumor & Hemorrhage Ovarian Failure (Usually Idiopathic)
Anatomical Abnormalities: Imperforate Hymen, Mullerian Agenesis, & Vaginal Septum
Note: Hypothyroidism & Hyperprolactinemia can also cause amenorrhea
FTM breast cancer risk Correct ans - Feels like a man , doesn't seek mammogram, taking hormone tx so increased risk of hormone positive breast CA
Why is the pituitary gland called the master gland? Correct ans - Because it stimulates other endocrine glands to release hormones.
Hyperthyroidism Correct ans - excessive activity of the thyroid gland hyperthyroidism/ grave's disease Correct ans - exophthalmos
hypothroidism signs and symptoms Correct ans - fatigue and lethargy decreased body temp, PR, BP
Weight gain
edema of hands and feet hair loss
thickening of the skin
Hyperthyroidism symptoms Correct ans - Nervousness, weight loss despite increased appetite, excessive sweating and heat intolerance, palpitations, frequent bowel movements, muscular weakness of the proximal type and tremor
primary hyperthyroidism causes Correct ans - Grave's Disease (most common cause)
Toxic Multinodular goiter Thyroid Carcinoma
Toxic adenoma
Thyroiditis
Goiter Correct ans - enlargement of the thyroid gland-hyperthyroid
Why is DKA more common with type 1 diabetes than type 2? Correct ans - people with type 2 diabetes have some insulin, so the liver is still able to completely metabolize fatty acids and not synthesize ketoacids
How to treat HHS? Correct ans - rehydrate give insulin
monitor fluid volume and electrolyte status
prevent
-BGSM
-diagnose and manage diabetes
-assess and promote self care management skills
Cirrhosis Correct ans - chronic degenerative disease of the liver balanitis Correct ans - inflammation or infection of the foreskin cryptorchidism Correct ans - undescended testicles dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) Correct ans - a condition
characterized by abnormal bleeding often due to an imbalance in hormone level changes/progesterone
Dyspaneunia Correct ans - painful sex
hypospadias Correct ans - abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis
menorrhagia Correct ans - excessive menstrual bleeding
metrorrhagia Correct ans - Irregular, frequent bleeding of abnormal [Show Less]