primary prevention
Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever occurring.
first step, patient education , example; getting the covid
... [Show More] vaccination
secondary prevention
anything that includes exams, screening, routine physical exam, management, follow-ups and treatments. At this point were managing something ex: anemia infection bleeding issues
tertiary prevention
preventive stress management designed to heal individual or organizational symptoms of distress and strain. taking medications now
latent period
disease process when the person comes into contact with the particular disease condition. And introduced into body. however not experiencing any signs and symptoms. Example; tested positive for covid
prodromal
disease is well established into the body.. example COVID . has signs and symptom's DEFINTELY HAVE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
subclinical
person that is diagnosed with condition example: diabetes. They are doing okay and living fine. Diagnosed and going through treatment. Manageable, diet
acute disease
symptoms develop rapidly, first happened
chronic disease
an ongoing condition or illness, take long to develop
endemic
localized to one particular group
epidemic
A widespread outbreak of an infectious disease one particular region
pandemic
worldwide epidemic
Etiology
known cause for a disease. Example; strep throat which is caused by bacteria streptococcus
idiopathic
unknown cause
risk factors
characteristics that increase the likelihood of developing a medical disorder or disease
Pathogenisis
development of disease, disease process
Allostasis
when the body gets out of homeostasis.
Hormones secreted during stress response
o Growth hormones
o Oxytocin
o Prolactin
o Epinephrine
o Norepinephrine
o Aldosterone
o Cortisol
o Immune
o Endorphine
3 phases of stress
alarm, resistance, exhaustion
Which of the following hormones are secreted during the stress response? SELECT ALL that apply.
A. Cortisol
B. Aldosterone
D. Growth hormone
ALL APPLY
Types of intracellular accumulations
1. Excessive amounts of normal intracellular substances
2. Accumulation of abnormal substances, faulty metabolism
3. Accumulation of pigments and particles that the cell is unable to degrade
i. COMMON SITE: liver
Cellular Adaptations:
Atrophy
decrease in cell size
§ Causes - disuse, denervation, ischemia, nutrient starvation, interruptions of hormone signals, persistent cell injury
hypertrophy
increase in cell size
Hyperplasia
increase in number of cells
Metaplasia
Conversion of one cell type to another
Dysplasia
abnormal growth development. pre-pre-canceorus
anaplasia
when cancer is officially diagonsed
disease process
levels-- tissues--organs--organ system
hyperplasia
ex callus formation
cancer grading
taking a biopsy, looking under a microscope. Done in a LAB. Actually looking at cells. cell differentiation
staging
looking at the patient as a whole. Showing how the cancer is spreading
Coagulative necrosis
dark and dry
liquefactive necrosis
brain infarct, bacterial infections; wet, internal organs
Fat necrosis
death of adipose (fat) tissue, results from trauma or pancreatitis, breast augmentation infectionc
caseous necrosis
localized to lungs, TB
Apoptosis
programmed cell death
Side effects of chemotherapy;
-Anemia; attack RBC
-Nausea—attack epithelium cells, lining of stomach
-Bleeding - attack platelets, low platelets
-Infections—attack WBC, low count
-oma (suffix)
benign tumor
carcinoma
malignant tumors,,, used for epithelium types
sarcoma
malignant tumor of connective tissue [Show Less]