What is a common site for bone metastases to occur?
Vertebral bodies
Midshaft femur
Carpal bones
Radius - Answer- Vertebral bodies
A child
... [Show More] presents with bone deficiency and a bowlegged appearance. This assessment data supports a diagnosis of
Rickets
Osteoporosis
Osteomalacia
Paget disease - Answer- Rickets
Symptoms such as headache, lethargy, mood alterations, and epigastric sensations occur during which phase of a seizure?
Prodromal
Postictal
Complex
Status epilepticus - Answer- Prodromal
Which of the following is true about ischemic stroke? (Select all that apply)
Has risk factors that include atherosclerosis
Can be a result of a hypercoagulable state
Often caused by emboli from the basilar arteries
Results from hemorrhage into brain tissue
Is associated with acute hypertension - Answer- Has risk factors that include atherosclerosis
Can be a result of a hypercoagulable state
Which is a pathophysiologic change that is consistent with Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply)
Amyloid plaques
Epileptogenic focus
Focal cerebral infarct
Neurofibrillary tangles
Abnormal serotonin system - Answer- Amyloid plaques
Neurofibrillary tangles
Which is associated with early increased intracranial pressure?
Inability to move
Unresponsiveness
Inability to verbalize
Headache - Answer- Headache
A 6-year-old boy presents with polyarthritis. His parents report no past medical history except for a sore throat 6 weeks previously. On physical exam a murmur is noted. The assessment data supports a diagnosis of
Acute Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Lyme disease
Reiter syndrome - Answer- Acute Rheumatic Fever
What is responsible for producing rheumatoid factor antibodies?
T lymphocytes
Macrophages
Tumor necrosis factor-
B cells - Answer- B cells
A motor vehicle accident has resulted in a factor where the articular surfaces of the tibial surface and femoral condyles are no long in contact with one another. Which term best describes the condition?
Subluxation
Dislocation
Malunion
Nonunion
Dislocation - Answer- Dislocation
What are the criteria for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis? (select all that apply)
Simultaneous symmetric swelling of joints
Soft tissue swelling of at least three joints
Subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules
Morning stiffness in joints
Swelling of at least one wrist joint - Answer- Simultaneous symmetric swelling of joints
Soft tissue swelling of at least three joints
Subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules
Morning stiffness in joints
Lyme disease is caused by
Borrelia burgdorferi
Group A - hemolytic streptococcus
Camplyobacter
Versinia - Answer- Borrelia burgdorferi
A patient exposed to herpes simplex virus has been exhibiting symptoms that suggest inflammation of the brain. This type of infection is referred to as
Encephalitis
Brain abscess
Bacteremia
Meningitis - Answer- Encephalitis
A 10-year-old boy has a metastatic lesion in the metaphysical region of the femur that is referred to as
An osteoid osteoma
A giant cell tumor
An osteosarcoma
A chondroma - Answer- An osteosarcoma
A client diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. Which assessment data support this diagnosis? (Select all that apply)
Lower back pain
18- year-old men
normal lordosis
pain lessens with rest
daily bouts of indigestion - Answer- Lower back pain
18- year-old men
When viewed on x-ray, the bone has a linear fracture that occurs in a straight line across the bone. Which term best describes this type of fracture?
transverse
spiral
oblique
longitudinal - Answer- transverse
Which is a risk factor for cerebral palsy?
high birth weight
post-term delivery
prenatal infection
genetic defects - Answer- prenatal infection
What are the early signs of Parkinson's disease? (select all that apply)
Minimal blinking
Loss of facial expression
Drooling
Small writing
Monotone speech - Answer- Minimal blinking
Loss of facial expression
Which forms of muscular dystrophy are X-linked?
Duchenne
Becker
Facioscapulohumeral
A combination of Becker and Duchenne - Answer- Duchenne
A 60-year-old client reports pain in the knees. The client denies any previous infection or pain in the spine. The assessment data support a diagnosis of
Rheumatic fever
Relter syndrome
Lyme Disease
Osteoarthirtis - Answer- Osteoarthirtis
What is the most common site of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the bone?
Long bones
Hips
Ankles
Vertebral column - Answer- Vertebral column
MACROvascular complications of diabetes mellitus are seen in
Ischemic cerebrovascular accidents
Retinopathy and nephropathy
Capillary basement membrane thickening
Hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents - Answer- Ischemic cerebrovascular accidents
Microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus are seen in
Retinopathy and nephropathy
Ischemic cerebrovascular accidents
Hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents
Damage to large blood vessels supplying the brain - Answer- Retinopathy and nephropathy
Heartburn is most likely the consequence of which of the following? (select all that apply)
The back flow of gastric contents into the esophagus
Stimulation of the esophageal sensory nerve endings
An esophageal spasm
A defect in the diaphragm
Portal hypertension - Answer- The back flow of gastric contents into the esophagus
Stimulation of the esophageal sensory nerve endings
An esophageal spasm
Children who have midline craniocerebral defects, nystagmus, retinal abnormalities, and other midline or mid facial abnormalities (e.g., cleft lip or palate) should be evaluated for deficiencies in
T3 and t4 hormone
Parathyroid hormone
Corticosteroid hormones
Growth hormone - Answer- Growth hormone
At present, universal vaccination of children is recommended for (select all that apply)
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis D
Hepatitis E - Answer- Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Which characteristic is found in the condition of cholelithiasis (gallstones)?
The presence of gallstones universally creates colicky symptoms
Gallstones can be treated only through surgery
Gallstones are twice as frequent in women as in men
Asians are at highest risk for gallstones - Answer- Gallstones are twice as frequent in women as in men
Most gallstones among patients in the United State are formed from:
a. Pigment polymers
b. Calcium
c. Cholesterol
d. Sulfur - Answer- c. Cholesterol
Regarding both acute and chronic cholecystitis, which statement is true?
a. Chronic cholecystitis is often caused by fever and bacterial infection, whereas acute cholecystitis is not.
b. Mild jaundice is more likely to be seen in chronic cholecystitis than in acute cholecystitis.
c. Rupture of the gallbladder is more likely to occur with acute rather than chronic cholecystitis.
d. Symptoms of chronic cholecystitis generally occur after a meal. - Answer- c. Rupture of the gallbladder is more likely to occur with acute rather than chronic cholecystitis.
The chronic inflammatory lesions in the pancreas and persistence of symptoms seen in chronic pancreatitis are most frequently the complications of
a. Hyperparathyroidism
b. Hereditary factors
c. Idiopathic causes
d. Alcohol consumption - Answer- d. Alcohol consumption
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease share several similarities. Specific distinctions or differences that are unique to Crohn disease include which of the following? (select all that apply)
a. Increased risk for colorectal
b. Smoking's increasing the risk
c. Pain that is severe and localized
d. Primary affecting of the proximal portion of the colon
e. Increased risk for colorectal cancer
f. Increased risk of developing intestinal cancer - Answer- a. Increased risk for colorectal
b. Smoking's increasing the risk
c. Pain that is severe and localized
Diabetes mellitus is most accurately defined as a disorder that affects
a. The utilization of fats and glucose
b. Glucose metabolism and utilization
c. The metabolism of glycogen stores and glucose
d. The utilization of all energy nutrients - Answer- d. The utilization of all energy nutrients
When telescoping or invagination of a portion of the bowel into an adjacent distal portion occurs in an infant, the condition is diagnosed as:
a. Hirschsprung disease
b. Intussusception
c. Megacolon
d. Volvulus - Answer- b. Intussusception
Current views about the target group and frequency of screening for diabetes are based on concern for the high prevalence in the adult population of
a. Unreported HbA1c
b. Asymptomatic low-risk individuals
c. Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
d. Undiagnosed type 1 diabetes - Answer- c. Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes
Which serum enzyme is the most specific for diagnosing acute pancreatitis?
a. Amylase
b. Lipase
c. Aminotransferase
d. Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase - Answer- b. Lipase
The patients perceived difficulty in swallowing, the general inability to initiate swallowing, or even the feeling that swallowed solids or liquids "stick" in the throat is called
a. Dyspepsia
b. Stomatitis
c. Dysphagia
d. Odynophagia - Answer- c. Dysphagia
The most serious consequence of actor pancreatitis resulting from biliary obstruction is:
a. Reoccurring episod [Show Less]