When auscultating the newborn heart sounds, determine the _____
(acronym only). This will aid in determining whether the right or left ventricle
is
... [Show More] dominant. If the right ventricle is dominant the impulse is maximal at the
lower left sternal border. If the left ventricle is dominant, the impulse is at
the apex.
central (Correct Answer)-
Abnormal, bluish discoloration of the tongue and mucous membranes
caused by desaturation of arterial blood indicating cardiac and/or
respiratory dysfunction is known as ____ cyanosis.
circumoral (Correct Answer)-
Normal, bluish discoloration around the mouth which is associated with
nipple or breast feeding and should resolve following the feeding is known
as ____ cyanosis.
acrocyanosis (Correct Answer)-
Peripheral cyanosis or bluish discoloration of hands and feet not involving
the mucous membranes it often resolves by 48 hours or with stabilization of
the infant is known as _____. It is considered normal intermittent.
S3 and S4 (Correct Answer)-
There are four individual heart sounds: S1, S2, S3, and S4. Which sounds
are rarely heard in the newborn? ____ (S# and S#). Their presence
denotes a pathologic process.
auscultation (Correct Answer)-
Inspection of the general activity of the neonate, breathing patterns,
presence or absence of cyanosis, and activity of the precordium are all
important. Palpation of pulses, peripheral perfusion, and thrills is also
imperative. _____, however, is the main focus of the exam.
placenta (Correct Answer)-
Fetal circulation is anatomically and physiologically different from adult
circulation in several important ways. In the fetus, oxygenation of the blood,
removal of carbon dioxide and wastes occurs in the ____.
ductus venosus (Correct Answer)-
The ____ (two words) permits the majority of blood from the placenta to
bypass the liver and enter the inferior vena cava. When this blood enters
the right atrium, most of it is diverted toward the atrial septum.
foramen ovale (Correct Answer)-
The ____ (two words) is the opening in the interatrial septum that permits a
portion of blood to flow from the right atrium directly to the left atrium. This
blood then enters the left ventricle and aorta, to perfuse the head and
upper extremities of the fetus.
ductus arteriosus (Correct Answer)-
A tubular communication between the pulmonary artery and the
descending aorta that allows blood to flow between the pulmonary artery to
the aorta, bypassing the fetal lungs is the ____ (two words). Only about
eight percent of fetal cardiac output enters the lungs; 92 percent is diverted
through this tube into the descending aorta.
increase/decrease (Correct Answer)-
During the last trimester of the pregnancy, the estrogen levels [
decrease/increase ] and the progesterone levels [ decrease/increase ].
Report the answers as xxxx/xxxx.
contractions (Correct Answer)-
Uterine ____ have two main functions: to dilate the cervix and to push the
fetus through the birth canal.
dilation [Show Less]