A person blows his breath into a straw that is placed in limewater. The limewater becomes cloudy because the person's breath contains:
carbon
... [Show More] dioxide
A person who was in an auto accident has formed a blood clot at the site of the injury. One event that can lead to formation of a blood clot is that:
ruptured platelets release thromboplastin
A student focuses sunlight to a point with a thin converging (convex) lens. Which of these direct measurements can the student make as a result of this experiment?
the approximate focal length of the lens
In ecological succession, the first living thing to colonize a hitherto barren area is called a:
pioneer organism
Unicellular organisms that have a nucleus and can swim with the aid of cilia are examples of:
protozoans
Which of these conditions is associated with smoking?
emphysema
Which of these quantities is most closely associated with an object's inertia?
Mass
Which of these sequences of anatomic organization, from the simplest level to the most complex, is the correct sequence?
From tissue, organ, organ system to organism
Which part of the cell structure controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell?
Plasma membrane
While working in the chemistry laboratory, a student spills dilute hydrochloric acid on her hand. What is the first action this student should take?
Flush her hand with large quantities of water
Within a living cell, the oxygen (O2) from a mixture of O2 and carbon dioxide (CO2) is used up. This creates a concentration gradient across the cell membrane, drawing O2 across the membrane from the outside in, a process known as
Diffusion
You cut your finger rather deeply while slicing an apple. Which of these actions should you take first?
Wash the wound continuously with cold running water
30 students in a class carefully measure the length and width of 20 peanut shells. They also count the number and note the size of the peanuts inside. This information is recorded on various graphs showing the numbers of nuts and the different sizes. The collected evidence of the peanuts gives the students an idea of the extent of:
variation within a species
A tincture is a solution in which:
alcohol is the solvent
All the glucose filtered from the blood in the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule of the kidney nephron is returned to the tissue fluid while passing along the proximal tubule. This rapid return is effected by the process of:
active transport
If the night temperature drops 50 degrees, the roadrunner's internal energy-conservation permits a lowering of body temperature to:
94°F
1 kilogram (kg) of solid X at 10C and 1 kg of solid Y 10C each absorb 5 joules of heat energy. The final temperatures on X and Y is 15C and 20C, respectively. Compared to X, Y must have a lower:F
specific heat
A woman suddenly chokes on a piece of food and clutches frantically at her throat. An immediate remedy is to:
apply quick, hard pressures successively to her abdomen, just below her diaphragm
An unknown gas is more dense than air, does not support combustion, and turns a limewater solution cloudy. This gas is most probably:
carbon dioxide
Night blindness in humans is caused by a lack of:
Vitamin A
In varieties of matter, the term heterogeneous may be applied to:
mixtures, but not elements or compounds
The atoms of an element with seven valence electrons are most probably classified as:
nonmetals
The inherited factors that are transmitted in a organism from generation to generation are called its:
genotype
Which of these conditions is associated with smoking?
Emphysema
Within which of these structures of the female reproductive tract is the human egg fertilized?
Fallopian tube
A cell which manufactures a large amount of protein for export would have an abundance of organelles called:
ribosomes
A lens that focuses distant light to a single point is known as a :
converging (convex) lens
A substance composed of similar atoms (number of protons is the same for all) that can not be broken down chemically is a(n)
element
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution suggests that the reason for the various differences between species is a result of:
natural selection
How much current is drawn by a light bulb that has a resistance of 100 R with a voltage of 110 V? (V= IR)
1.1 amperes
The amplitude of a sound wave is most closely related to its:
loudness
The calorie and the kilocalorie are units of :
energy
The force of gravity on an object is that object's:
weight
The Law of Dominance was proposed by which of the following scientists?
Mendel
The number of complete waves which pass a point in one second is known as a :
frequency
The vertical columns on the periodic chart are known as:
groups
When a sperm and egg join to form a zygote in humans, what determines the sex of the child that is produced?
The sperm
When two atoms share a pair of electrons, the bond between them is called:
covalent
When your muscles atrophy, they:
waste away
Which of these organisms has the most complex digestive system?
Earthworm
Which of these processes occurs at a neuromuscular junction?
Impulse transmission
Which of these processes is used to free contaminated water of bacteria?
Treating it with chlorine
Which of these organisms might be found in contaminated well water?
Giardia
Which of these is the correct sequence of chambers through which blood flows in the human heart and lungs?
Right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle
Which of these changes occurs in the kidneys when a person becomes dehydrated?
The filtration rate of water remains constant and the reabsorption of water increases.
When a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which of these conditions must be present?
The population is isolated from other populations
Water freezes at 0C. On the Kelvin temperature scale, this is equivalent to:
273K
To determine the optimum conditions for the activity of a digestive enzyme, it would be necessary to test its activity over a range of:
temperature, pH and substrate concentration
The Pap test can detect cancer in the female reproductive tract at an early stage, requiring cells scraped from:
the cervix
The most probable area of study that would show the prevalence of mental illness in mid- Manhattan is that:
epidemiology
The meiotic division of cells leads to the production of cells that:
contain half the usual number of chromosomes
The full set of genes in an individual is known as:
the human genome
The boiling point of liquid nitrogen at one atmosphere pressure is 77 K. This temperature us equivalent to:
neg196C
77K - 273K= 196C
Substance Y is soluble only in nonpolar solvents and does not conduct electricity, either in the solid or liquid phases. Y is most probably
a nonpolar substance
Muscles are attached to bone by which of these structures?
Tendon
Coulomb's law is most closely associated with
electric charges
At room temperature, which of these substances exists as diatomic molecules?
Oxygen
Amnesia in humans is a loss of memory. Which of these parts of the brain has been affected when someone is suffering from amnesia caused by head trauma?
Cerebral cortex
A magician rapidly pulls a tablecloth from a table, leaving the dishes undisturbed. Which of these principles of physics explains this "trick"?
Objects at rest tend to remain at rest.
Which of these temperatures is known as Absolute Zero?
0 K
Which of these substances contains a nonpolar covalent bond?
O2
Which of these single instruments may be used to measure the current flowing through a circuit?
An ammeter
Which of these processes is responsible for the recorded production of CO2 by yeast cells from sugar solution?
Anaerobic respiration
Which of these particles can only be found in the nucleus of an atom?
protons and neutrons
Which of these pairs of units measures the same quantity
?
Calorie and joule
Which of these organisms use nitrogen directly from the air?
Blue-green algae
Which of these equations best illustrates a synthesis reaction?
2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl
The organ that filters metabolic waste from the blood is the
kidney
Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of the
gum tissue that surrounds the neck of each tooth
Iodized salt is used to prevent a human condition known as
goiter
Heat energy is absorbed in which of these phase changes?
Br2(l) -> Br2(g)
To sterilize a metal probe in the office, a dentist could use a steam sterilizer. If unavailable, the next most effective method to sterilize the instrument would be
boiling it in water for 15 minutes
In diagnostic testing, the electroencephalogram permits the physician to
examine the impulses of the nerve cells within the brain
If the medulla of the brain in a human was damaged, which of these conditions would most likely result?
Difficulty in breathing
If a red light passed through a dilute solution of chlorophyll solution, the spectrophotometer will detect what amount of transmittance of this light?
50-75%
Human testes produce
spermatozoa
Guard cells which can be found in the leaves of plants are most closely associated with which of these processes?
Evaporation of water from the plant
A physician measures the pulse and blood pressure (BP) of all patients on a routine basis. Which of these measurements show normal BP values for a resting adult patient?
120/80 mm Hg
A method for determining the blood alcohol content of a subject is to
use a Breathalyzer
Which of these structures produces sperm cells in human males?
Testes
Which of these instruments is used to measure the amount of heat exchanged in a system?
Calorimeter
Which of these germ layers rise to the skin?
Ectoderm
Which of these findings suggests a serious illness from a urinalysis?
Presence of glucose and protein
Which of these factors best summarizes Darwin's theory of the origin of species?
Natural selection
Which of these arrangements of atoms is found in all alcohols?
C-OH
Which biochemical family do starch and glycogen belong in?
Carbohydrates
When steel wool (mostly iron) burns, its mass increases. The best explanation of this observation is that
the iron oxide formed has more mass than the iron alone
What is the pH of a solution whose H+ ion concentration is 1 x 10-2 mole per liter?
2
What is the correct sequence in the life cycle of a moth?
Egg, larva, pupa, adult
The weight of an adult human in newtons (N) is closest to
500N
1kg = 9.8 N
The scientific name of the wold is Canis lupus. The name indicates the wolf's
genus and species
The region of the brain most concerned with coordinating somatic motor function is the
cerebellum
The functional group present in all alcohols is the
hydroxyl group
Scientists have discovered that most vertebrates have cone cells in their eyes, which distinguish colors in daylight. The rods are most sensitive to light, but do not distinguish colors. If a mammal is nocturnal
there are fewer cones and a greater concentration of rods to collect the minimal light for night vision.
In order to observe the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell, a scientist would use
an electron microscope
If a person is fasting for 24 hours and ingests no carbohydrates, the liver will provide for the body's need by
converting glycogen into glucose
Ductless glands in the human body secrete
hormones
Cicero and Wozniak used young rats in their experiment instead of older rats because young rats are
more sensitive to alcohol
A recently discovered species has these characteristics: amniotic eggs, a four-chambered heart, and lightweight, honeycombed bones. Which of these ADDITIONAL characteristics is likely to be present?
Feathers for flying
Which part of the human central nervous system controls voluntary movements?
Cerebrum
Which of these hydrocarbons is a member of the benzene family?
Toluene
The process of nuclear cell division in the cell reproduction of plants differs from mammals. A major difference is that
cell plates are synthesized
Which of these quantities is a vector quantity?
Energy
A quantity that has both magnitude and direction is called a(n)
vector
According to the Ideal Gas Equation (PV=nRT), if the temperature and amount of gas are kept constant, what will be the effect of an increase in pressure on the volume of a gas?
As the pressure increases, the volume decreases.
Cicero and Wozniak probably decided to restrict their study to male offspring of alcoholic male rats because they wanted to
compare results with prior findings from human studies
In a study on the effect of cocaine on the brains of rats, two groups of animals were selected. Each day, Group A was injected with the drug dissolved in water, whereas Group B was injected with water alone. In such a study Group B is included as
a control group
In classical physics, light is viewed as part of the electromagnetic spectrum, traveling in the form of transverse waves. Quantum physics proposes that light is composed of quanta called
photons
Reducing the use of aeresol cans has contributed to the decrease of
the destruction of the ozone layer
The Watt is a unit of
power
The normal boiling temperature for water is 100° when measured on which of these scales?
Celcius
The second law of thermodynamics states that with every spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe
Increases
All of these groups of land plants produce seeds EXCEPT
mosses
When blood is filtered in the kidney and urine is produced, red blood cells and plasma proteins do not pass through the blood capillaries. This occurs because
large molecules such as blood and plasma proteins do not fit through the permeable membrane, so they cannot enter the tubules in the kidney.
The extension of a neuron that carries the impulse to another cell is called
an axon
Which of these structures of the male reproductive system carries sperm cells from the testes to the lower part of the abdomen?
Vas deferens
Which of these pH values represents the most basic solution?
14
0-6 = acidic
7= netural
8-14 = basic
Which of these organ systems does NOT provide for the excretion of substances?
lymphatic system
Which of these is an example of a simple machine?
All of the above
- Lever
- Pulley
-inclined plane
-wheel and axle
-wedge
-screw
Which of these could be stopped by a sheet of paper?
Alpha particle
When three resistors of 10.0 ohms each are placed in series, the total resistance is
30.0 ohms
10x3
The succession of flora and fauna encountered while climbing a mountain in the northern hemisphere is similar to that found when traveling from the base of the same mountain in which these general directions?
North.
The energy associated with an object's position is termed
potential energy
Most internal gas exchanges in the human respiratory tracts occurs across the capillaries of which of these structures?
Alveoli
Enzymes that are involved in biochemical reactions are organic
catalysts
Anaerobic respiration occurs in muscle tissue when it cannot get sufficient oxygen to function aerobically. Which of these conditions is mostly likely to directly result from this?
Cramps
A lab technician has the choice of four different enzymes to use in an experiment that will run at 25C. The optimal temperatures of enzymes using the Kelvin scale are: Enzyme A: 273 K, Enzyme B: 298 K, Enzyme C: 310 K, Enzyme D: 325 K. Which enzyme would be best to use in this experiment?
Enzyme B
273+25C = 298 K
Which of these substances carries energy within cells and is produced as a result of cellular respiration?
ATP
Which of these processes is illustrated by the spreading out of ammonia vapor in a closed room?
Diffusion
Which of these is NOT an organic compound?
HCl (hydrochloric acid)
Which of these is an example of an emulsion?
Mayonnaise
Which of these factors is a variable in Cicero and Wozniak's research?
Liquid diet of 6% alcohol.
Which human body system does meiosis occur in?
Reproductive
When water passes from a region of greater concentration to a region of lesser concentration through a selectively permeable membrane, the process is known as
osmosis
When a drop of dilute nitric acid is added to water surrounding a hydra, the animal draws in its tentacles. The acid is acting as
a stimulus
The function of the myelin sheath that surrounds many neurons is to
increase the rate of impulse transport
Sodium will react most readily with
chlorine
In the reaction of iron with water shown below, what coefficient must be placed before the iron (Fe) to balance the reaction?
Fe + 4H2O - Fe3O4 + 4H2
3
In corn plants, the gene that codes for the presence of chlorophyll is sometimes missing. The resulting seedlings are albino and will not survive. This lethal gene appears in corn populations because
the parent plants that produced the seeds carried recessive gene for the albino trait.
If blue light emits electrons from a photosensitive surface, then electrons must also be emitted by
ultraviolet light
As part of the human immune response, which of these cells are responsible for producing antibodies?
Lymphocytes
An example of the most complex level of organization in a frog is the
respiratory system
A gram stain is an important technique used in the laboratory that
distinguishes between different kinds of bacterial cell walls
The bending of a wave around an obstacle is known as
diffraction
A drop of dilute ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) is placed on one side of a slide containing a large number of swimming paramecium. Under this condition, which of these behaviors of the paramecia will be observed?
They will eventually all swim away from the ammonium hydroxide
Which of these units is associated with magnitude, but not direction?
time
The atomic number of flourine is 9. How many electrons are contained in the second principal energy level of a flourine atom in the ground state?
7
A material that settles out of a reaction is termed a(n)
emulsion
-egg yolk, butter, mayonaise
When a column of air is vibrating at the same rate as a tuning fork, the process is referred to as
resonance
The number of complete waves which pass a point in one second is known as a
Frequency [Show Less]