Drug Drug Class MOA Side Effects Adverse Reaction Nursing Consideration Dose (Adults)
Kayexalate
Sodium Polystyrene Beta2 Agonists, Potassium
... [Show More] Binders increases fecal potassium excretion through binding of potassium in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. Binding of potassium reduces the concentration of free potassium in the gastrointestinal lumen, resulting in a reduction of serum potassium levels. T nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fluttering in your chest, increased thirst or urination, numbness or tingling -Lab tests: Determine serum potassium levels daily throughout therapy
-Observe patient closely for early clinical signs of severe hypokalemia
-Consult physician about restricting sodium content from dietary (Robholland 2022) 15 g to 60 g, administered as a 15-g dose (four level teaspoons), one to four times daily.
Lactulose
Lactulose Solution Laxatives, Osmotic; Ammonium Detoxicants causes a decrease in blood ammonia concentration and reduces the degree of
portal-systemic encephalopathy bloating, gas, stomach pain, difficulty breathing, swelling of your face, lips, tongue or throat, confusion, -Assess patient for abdominal distention, presence of bowel sounds, and normal pattern of bowel function (David’s Drug Guide 2022) 30 to 45 mL
Lasix
Furosemide Loop Diuretic inhibits primarily the absorption of sodium and chloride not only in the proximal and distal tubules but also in the loop of Henle constipatio n,
loss of appetite, numbness or tingling, loss of appetite, upper stomach pain, nausea, vomiting -Assess fluid status. Monitor daily weight, intake and output ratios, amount and location of edema, lung sounds, skin turgor, and mucous membranes(David’ s Drug Guide 2022) 80 mg, usually
divided into 40 mg twice a day
Magnesium Citrate
Citroma Saline laxative Attracts water through the tissues by a process known as osmosis.
Once in the intestine, it can attract enough water into the loose stools, diarrhea, stomach cramps; upset stomach; dizziness; no bowel movement within 6 hours after taking the medicine;
pain with -use caution with renal insufficiency may cause decreased respiratory rate, arrythmias, hypotension, muscle weakness 6.5 fl oz to 10 fl oz (one full
bottle) by mouth in 24 hours.
intestine to induce defecation. The additional water stimulates bowel motility. bowel movement s, rectal bleeding; monitor EKG and respiratory status monitor Mg levels
Miralax
Polyethylen e glycol 3350 Osmotic Laxative Works by drawing water into the colon. The water softens the stool and may naturally stimulate the colon to contract Bloating Gas Nausea itching, hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat -Current symptoms; onset and duration; stool characteristics and frequency; presence of flatus, abdominal pain, nausea, straining (1 packet or 1 capful). The packet or capful of medication is mixed in 4 to 8 fl oz of a beverage and then you drink it once a day.
Colace
Docusate Laxatives increases the amount of water the stool absorbs in the gut, making the stool softer and easier to pass. Stomach cramps rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever -Monitor any rashes or other abnormal skin responses.
-Advise patient to report other troublesome side effects such as prolonged or severe throat irritation or abdominal cramps. 50 to 300 mg daily divided in 1 to 4 doses each day
Drug Drug Class MOA Side Effects Adverse Reaction Nursing Consideration Dose (Adults)
Proventil HFA
albuterol inhalation Beta 2 Agonists The albuterol acts on beta-2 adrenergic receptors to relax the bronchial smooth muscle Nervousnes s, shaking (tremor), headache, mouth/throa t dryness or irritation, changes in taste, cough, nausea or dizzines -cough, difficult with breathing, hives or welts, hoarseness -monitor the respiratory rate, O2 stats, and the lung sounds before and after administration -2 two inhalation 15-30
minutes Before physical activity
Atrovent
ipratropium bromide HFA Anticholinerg ic bronchodilat ors -Ipratropium is an acetylcholine antagonist via blockade of muscarinic cholinergic receptors. dry mouth, bitter taste; headache, dizziness, -worsening breathing problems, little to no urination, blurred vision -ensure the patient does not have glaucoma, an elarged prostate or a bladder obstruction -2 inhalations 4 times a day
Theolair Theophylline Bronchodilat or, Xanthine -relaxes the smooth muscles located in the bronchial airways and pulmonary blood vessels -nausea, emesis, pain, diahreeah, insomnia Convulsions, cardiac arrythmias, hypotension
- -obtain a patient history for any hypersensitivity to xanthines, peptic ulcers -12 to 14
milligrams (mg) per kg of body weight per day day Q 4-6 hrs
Solumedrol
Methylpredni solone Corticosteroi ds -the glucocorticoids cause muscle protein catabolism -peptic ulcers, stomach irritation, depression -CNS
alterations, peptic ulcers, Increased cholesterol and lipid values -this medication may depress the immune system so the patient needs to report a sore throat 20 to 60 mg
Cromolyn
Cromoglicic acid mast cell stabilizers a mast cell stabilizer that prevents the subsequent release of inflammatory mediators, including histamine and leukotrienes, -itching, sneezing, headache, stomach pain -wheezing, increased difficulty breathing -monitor for signs of allergy
-Assess the symptoms of bronchospasm like wheezing 200
milligrams (mg) dissolved or mixed in water and taken four times a day [Show Less]