Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors - ✔✔ Penicillin
Cephalosporins
Vancomycin
Penicillin
Drug Types - ✔✔
... [Show More] natural
antistaphylococcal
extended spectrum
antipseudomonal
monobactams
Beta Lactam Antibiotics
MOA - ✔✔ inhibit transpeptidase enzyme
prevents cross linking of peptidoglycan
inhibits bacterial cell wall
Beta Lactam Antibiotics
Resistance - ✔✔ production of beta lactamase that cleaves beta lactam ring to inactivate metabolite
Beta Lactam Antibiotics
Side Effects - ✔✔ type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash
Extended- Spectrum Penicillins - ✔✔ Ampicillin (PO, IV)
Amoxicillin (PO)
Extended Spectrum Penicillins
Spectrum of Activity - ✔✔ Streptococcus
Some gram negatice (h influenzae, E. coli, listeria monocytogenes, proteus mirabilis, salmonella, neisseria)
Anti Staphylococal Penicillinase Resistant
Drugs - ✔✔ methicillin (IV)
Nafcillin (IV)
Oxacillin (IV)
Dicloxacillin (PO)
resistant to breakdown by beta lactamase? - ✔✔ anti staphylococcal penicillinase resistant
Natural Penicillins
Drugs - ✔✔ Penicillin G (IM)
Penicillin V (oral, acid stable)
what can be added to penicillins to decrease renal secretion, and to increase blood levels of the penicillin? - ✔✔ probenecid
crosses the blood brain barrier with inflammation - ✔✔ natural penicillins
Natural Penicillins
Spectrum of Activity - ✔✔ Gram Positive ( staph, strep, anthrax)
Gram Negative (neisseria meningitidis)
Anaerobes (clostridum)
Spirochetes (treponema)
Augmentin - ✔✔ Clavulanate + AMoxicillin
beta lactam inhibitors extend spectrum of activity
Unasyn - ✔✔ Sublactam + Ampicillin
Ampicillin
Side Effects - ✔✔ diarrhea
pseudomembranous colitis
Ampicillin Rash - ✔✔ Infectious Mono
Anti Staphylococcal Penicillinase Resistant
Drugs - ✔✔ Methicillin
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Dicloxacillin
resistant to breakdown by beta lactamase - ✔✔ antistaphylococcal penicillinase resistant
Anti-Staphylococcal Penicillinase Resistant
Spectrum of Activity - ✔✔ beta lactamase producing staphlyococcus
MRSA treat with vancomycin
Methicillin
Side Effects - ✔✔ interstitial nephritis
(not used clinically)
Antipseudomonal Penicillin
Drugs - ✔✔ carbenicillin
ticarcillin
piperacillin
Antipseudomonal Penicllin
Spectrum of Activity - ✔✔ Pseudomonas, e coli, proteus, enteroabcter, citrobacter, serratia, klevsiella
AntiPseudomonal Penicillin
Side Effects - ✔✔ GI Disturbances
prolonged bleeding time (platelet dysfunction)
Antipseudomonal Penicillin + Beta Lactamase INhibitors = - ✔✔ adds staph coverage
clavulanate _ ticeracillin = timentin
tazobactam + piperacillin = zosyn
Monobactam
Drugs - ✔✔ aztreonam
Monobactam
Spectrum of Activity - ✔✔ gram negative rods, pseudomonas
Monobactams
Side Effects - ✔✔ GI upset
vertigo
headache [Show Less]