HESI Nursing entrance exam 839 Questions with Verified Answers
What are the most abundant elements of the human body? - CORRECT ANSWER Carbon,
... [Show More] Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
90% of the human body is composed of just four elements which are: - CORRECT ANSWER Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of the element is called: - CORRECT ANSWER Atom
Subatomic particles are: - CORRECT ANSWER Protons (positive), Neutrons (neutral) and Electrons (negative)
All matter is composed of basic substances called - CORRECT ANSWER Elements
An atom that tells you how many protons an atom has is called: - CORRECT ANSWER Atomic Number
The number of protons and neutrons is called: - CORRECT ANSWER Mass Number
What is isotope? - CORRECT ANSWER The same element but different number in protons and neutrons-Mass Number (protons plus neutrons) minus Atomic Number (number of protons) equals the number of neutrons.
What is radioactive isotope? - CORRECT ANSWER Atom whose nucleus undergoes degeneration and in the process gives off radiation
What is a molecule? - CORRECT ANSWER Atoms bonded together to form a chemical unit
What is a compound? - CORRECT ANSWER Combining different atoms
What is ionic bond? - CORRECT ANSWER Ions with opposite charges attract
What are ions? - CORRECT ANSWER Particle that is electrically charged because it has gained or lost one or more eletrons
What is a covalent bonds? - CORRECT ANSWER Atoms sharing electrons instead of losing or gain them
What is polar bond? - CORRECT ANSWER Bond created when electrons shared by adjacent atoms are shared unequally
hydrophilic means - CORRECT ANSWER water-living
Hydrophobic means - CORRECT ANSWER water-fearing
What is electrolyte? - CORRECT ANSWER Substances that release ions when puts into water
What is pH? - CORRECT ANSWER a measure of hydrogen ion concentration
Anterior position - CORRECT ANSWER a body part is located towards the front (ventral)
Posterior position - CORRECT ANSWER a body part is located toward the back. (dorsal)
Superior position - CORRECT ANSWER a body part is located ABOVE another part or towards the head
Anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER structure as well as its relationship with other structure
Physiology - CORRECT ANSWER function of the body
Proximal - CORRECT ANSWER a body part is CLOSER to a specific point of origin or attachment or closer to the trunk of the body
Distal - CORRECT ANSWER a body part is FARTHER from the specific point of the origin or attachment
Superficial -external - CORRECT ANSWER a body part is located near the surface
Deep (internal) - CORRECT ANSWER a body part is located away from the surface
A sagittal plane (median) cuts the body - CORRECT ANSWER right down the middle
A frontal plane (coronal) is perpendicular (oppose) so it cuts the body - CORRECT ANSWER from ear to ear, from shoulder to shoulder across
A transverse plane cuts the body - CORRECT ANSWER from the navel in half dividing the superior from the inferior
A group of similar types of cells that performs a specific function is a(n): - CORRECT ANSWER Tissue
What is the mechanism called which brings about an increasing change in the same direction? Example: child birth - CORRECT ANSWER positive feedback
The relative consistency of the body's internal environment is called - CORRECT ANSWER hemostasis
A group of similar types of cells that performs a specific function is a(n): - CORRECT ANSWER tissue
A group of two or more types of tissues is a(n): - CORRECT ANSWER Organ
Structures found WITHIN a cell that perform specific functions are: - CORRECT ANSWER Organelles
Place the levels of organization in order from least complex to most complex - CORRECT ANSWER atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
The mitochondrion is an example of a(an) - CORRECT ANSWER Organelle
The nose is _______ to the chin - CORRECT ANSWER Superior
The muscles are _____ to the skin - CORRECT ANSWER Deep
The sternum is anterior or ______ to the heart. - CORRECT ANSWER Ventral
What is the scientific term for the mouth - CORRECT ANSWER Oral
Identify the plane that would divide the body into left and right sides - CORRECT ANSWER Sagittal
The plane that divides a body part into anterior and posterior sections is the ______ plane - CORRECT ANSWER Frontal (coronal) plane
The cavity that contains the pleural and abdominopelvic cavities is the ______ cavity - CORRECT ANSWER Anterior (ventral)
The cavity that contains the pericardial and pleural cavities is the ______ cavity. - CORRECT ANSWER Ventral and thoracic
The vertebral canal and cranial cavity is located within the ______ cavity - CORRECT ANSWER Posterior, dorsal cavity
The serous membrane that lines the thoracic cavity is the - CORRECT ANSWER visceral pleura
The serous membrane covering the heart is the - CORRECT ANSWER Parietal pericardium
Which of the following is NOT found in the mediastinum? - CORRECT ANSWER Lungs
The stomach would lie in the ______ quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity - CORRECT ANSWER Upper Left Quadrants
Emily needs to have her gall bladder removed. Her incision would be in the _________ quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity. - CORRECT ANSWER Upper Right
Identify the organ system responsible for the production of blood cells - CORRECT ANSWER Skeletal System
Identify the organ systems that function in integration and coordination - CORRECT ANSWER Nervous and endorine system
When body temperature rises, the body responds by causing sweating and dilation of skin blood vessels. This type of response is called - CORRECT ANSWER Negative feedback
What is the mechanism called which brings about an increasing change in the same direction? - CORRECT ANSWER Positive feedback
A disease that affects the entire body or involves several organ systems is refereed to as - CORRECT ANSWER Systemic
The calf is _________ to the knee. - CORRECT ANSWER Distal-body is FARTHER from attachment
The directional term lateral describes a structure that is: - CORRECT ANSWER further from the midline
The little or "pinky" finger is _______to the thumb. - CORRECT ANSWER medial
The term sural refers to the: - CORRECT ANSWER Calf
Identify the plane that would divide the body into left and right sides. - CORRECT ANSWER Sagittal
The vertebral canal and cranial cavity is located within the ______ cavity. - CORRECT ANSWER posterior, dorsal, cavity
Identify the two primary cavities within the ventral cavity. - CORRECT ANSWER thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
Emily needs to have her gall bladder removed. Her incision would be in the _________ quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity - CORRECT ANSWER Upper right
Plasma Membrane - CORRECT ANSWER outer surface that regulates entrance and exit of molecules (phospholipid bilayer that said to be semipermeable) because it allows certain molecules but others to enter the cell.
nucleus is - CORRECT ANSWER a large, centrally located structure that contains the chromosomes and is the control center
cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER gelatinous like semi-fluid that is between the nucleus and plasma membrane
cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWER maintains cell shape and assists movement of cell parts
Endoplasmic reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER Transports materials within the cell, provides attachment for ribosomes, and synthesizes
Chromatin - CORRECT ANSWER Fiber composed of protein and DNA molecules which contains cellular information for synthesizing proteins
chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER rod-like structures that contains genes
Nuclear envelope - CORRECT ANSWER double membrane that covers the nucleus, the most important function is surround and contain DNA
Ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER particles that carry out protein synthesizes
Rough ER - CORRECT ANSWER Stubbed with ribosomes, processes proteins
Smooth ER - CORRECT ANSWER lacks ribosomes, synthesizes lipid molecules (fat)
Golgi Apparatus - CORRECT ANSWER processes, packages, and secretes modified cell products (UPS delivery truck)
Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER vesicle that digests macromolecules and even cell parts (garbage disposal)
Peroxisomes - CORRECT ANSWER detoxify drugs, alcohol and other potential toxins
Mitochondria the powerhouse of the cell - CORRECT ANSWER release energy from food molecules and transforms energy into useable form. the energy source also site of ATP
What is ATP? - CORRECT ANSWER Adenosine Triphosphate
Centrosome - CORRECT ANSWER helps distribute chromosomes to new cells during cell division and initiates formation of cells centrioles are inside that help to divide the cells
Cilia and Flagella are: - CORRECT ANSWER projections of cells that propels fluids over cellular surfaces
Simple Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER Movement of atoms or molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER Diffusion of water across a plasma membrane
Occurs when there is an unequal distribution of water on either side of a selectively permeable membrane
Tonicity-
Isotonic -
Hypotonic-
Hypertonic- - CORRECT ANSWER -concentration of solute versus the concentration of water
-equal concentration of solutes (dissolved substances) and solvent (water) inside and outside cell; cell shape is maintained
-higher concentration of water (lower concentration of solutes) outside cell; water moves into cell causing it to swell and eventually lyse
- lower concentration of water (higher concentration of solutes) outside cell; water moves out of cell causing it to shrink or crenate
Filtration - CORRECT ANSWER is the movement of liquid from high pressure to low pressure
Active transport - CORRECT ANSWER Solutes move up their concentration gradient
•Requires a protein carrier (often called pumps)
•Requires the use of cellular energy
Endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER In _________ the plasma membrane envelopes a substance and forms an intracellular vesicle
Exocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER In _______a vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane as secretion occurs
Apoptosis - CORRECT ANSWER (cell death) occurs at the RESTRICTION CHECKPOINT if the cell did not complete mitosis and is abnormal
The cell cycle consist of: - CORRECT ANSWER Interphase,g1 phrase, S phrase and g2 phrase, and the mitotic stage, which includes mitosis,4 stages, and cytokinesis
Mitosis 4 stages: - CORRECT ANSWER Prophase: about to divide
Metaphase: chromosomes are lined up
Anaphase: the sister chromatids separate
Telophase: two distinct and separate daughter nuclei
Cytokinesis - CORRECT ANSWER division of the cytoplasm and organelles
Gametes - CORRECT ANSWER ,sperm or ova, that results have half the normal number of chromosomes
Phagocytosis it happens in Endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER "cell eating" - cell ingests solid particles
Pinocytosis it happens in Endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER "cell drinking"- cell consumes solutions
Osmotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - force exerted on a selectively permeable membrane
Medial - CORRECT ANSWER Closer to the midline
A chemical substance that helps keep the pH from drastically changing is a(an) - CORRECT ANSWER Buffer
Ions are formed when an atom gains or loses: - CORRECT ANSWER Electrons
Which of the following does NOT describe a water molecule? - CORRECT ANSWER An ionic compound
Which of the following is NOT a property of water? - CORRECT ANSWER It can absorb only small quantities of heat without heating up.
What type of bond forms between water molecules? - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrogen bond
Water will cling to other surfaces due to hydrogen bonds. This property is refereed to as: - CORRECT ANSWER adhesion
What type of substances will dissolve in water? - CORRECT ANSWER Polar molecules and ions
Lateral position means - CORRECT ANSWER means toward the side, away from midline
Bilateral position means - CORRECT ANSWER refers to paired structures, one on each side. (The lungs are bilateral)
Ipsilateral position means - CORRECT ANSWER refers to sturcutres on the same side. (the right lung and right kidney are ipsilateral)
Contralateral - CORRECT ANSWER refers to structures on the opposite side.(A patient with a fractured right leg would have to bear weight on the contralateral left lower limb)
Postiviely charged ions are called
Negatively charged ions are called - CORRECT ANSWER Cations
Anions
Electrolytes are - CORRECT ANSWER substance that release ions in water
Acids are - CORRECT ANSWER electrolytes that dissociate to release hydrogen ions in water
Bases are - CORRECT ANSWER substances that release ions that can combine with hydrogens ions
Salts are - CORRECT ANSWER electrolytes formed by the REACTION between an acid and a base
What are the functions of the digestive system? - CORRECT ANSWER Ingest food, breakdown food into small molecules, absorb these nutrient molecules, and elimate nondigestible wastes
What are parts of the digestive system? - CORRECT ANSWER Salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine
What are the accesory organs of the digestive system? - CORRECT ANSWER liver, gallbladder, pancreas and tongue
What are the different salivary glands? - CORRECT ANSWER Partoid, Submandibular and Sublingual
What is the function of pharynx? - CORRECT ANSWER delivers food to the stomach along with esophagus.
Pharynx (Throat) is the common passageway for air, food, and liquid
What is the function of esophagus? - CORRECT ANSWER transport the food down
What is the function of stomach? - CORRECT ANSWER main function is digestion. It does this by: Storing the food we eat. Breaking down the food into a liquidly mixture called chyme.
How long does the food stay in the stomach? - CORRECT ANSWER 4-6 hours
What is bolus? - CORRECT ANSWER Food that is chewed and mixed with saliva
What is chyme? - CORRECT ANSWER Food broken down and mixed in stomach gastric juices
What is peritoneum? - CORRECT ANSWER the mucus membrane covering the abdominal cavity
What is peristalsis? - CORRECT ANSWER rhythmic contraction of the smooth muscles of the alimentary canal that push the food forward
What is segmentation? - CORRECT ANSWER the turning of the food
What are the gastric juices? - CORRECT ANSWER a digestive fluid, formed in the stomach. It is composed of hydrochloric acid, potassium chloride (KCl) sodium chloride (NaCl).
What are the layers of the digestive tract? - CORRECT ANSWER Deepest to superfacial:
Mucosa
Submucosa,
Muscularis externa
Serosa
What is peritonitis? - CORRECT ANSWER inflammation of the peritoneum
What is the function of small intestine? - CORRECT ANSWER COMPLETES DIGESTION, absorption the nutrients and movement of undigested food into the large intestines
What is the function of large intestine? - CORRECT ANSWER Absords water, salts and some vitamins and indigestive material until eliminated
Diverticulosis? - CORRECT ANSWER sac-like pouches in the colon
what is the function of the gastrin? - CORRECT ANSWER causes GASTRIC CONTRACTIONS and secretion by gastric glands also makes more gastric juices
What is Leptin? - CORRECT ANSWER feeling of fullness
What is ghrelin? - CORRECT ANSWER triggers hunger
What is the function of the liver? - CORRECT ANSWER Produce Urea
Produce bile
detoxification
storage of of iron and vitmains A,E,D,K
Regulated cholesterols
regulates blood glucose levels concentrations
Makes plasma proteins
What is the function of the pancreas? - CORRECT ANSWER Secretes inslin and glucagon hormones and makes pancreatic juices
Disorders of the Liver are - CORRECT ANSWER Hepatitis
Jaundice-yellowish tint to the white of eyes
Cirrhosis- fatty liver
What is heartburn? - CORRECT ANSWER when the gastric jucies backflow into the esophagus
What is bulimia nervosa? - CORRECT ANSWER binge eating
Where is excess bile stored? - CORRECT ANSWER Gallbladder
What are the functions of the kidneys? - CORRECT ANSWER Excertion removal of metabloic wastes from the body
How do kidneys aid in maintaining blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWER Kidneys maintain blood pressure through the regulation of the volume of blood in the body
What are the different waste products in the urine? - CORRECT ANSWER Urea-produced by the liver stored in the kidneys
ammonium
creatinine
uric acid
urochrome
What is the function of erthropoietin? - CORRECT ANSWER Production of RBC
The liver is the graveyard for RBC
What is the function of renin? - CORRECT ANSWER maintains blood pressure, activates angiotensin (produced in the kidneys) This peptide hormone is secreted by the kidneys from specialized cells called granular cells found in the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
What is the function of aldosterone? - CORRECT ANSWER promotes the reabsorption of sodium ions and water by the kidneys
Differentiate between exceration and defecation? - CORRECT ANSWER Exceration is REMOVAL of metabolic waste and Defecation is ELIMINATION of metabloic waste
Name the parts of the nephron? - CORRECT ANSWER renal corpucle, renal tubule, glomerlus, glomerluar capsule
Alkalosis is - CORRECT ANSWER above 7.4
Acidosis is... - CORRECT ANSWER below 7.4
Anti-Diuretic means - CORRECT ANSWER No/against urine making
Differentiate between meiosis and mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER Mitosis is simple cell division, ending up with two identical cells, each with both pairs of every gene.
Meiosis is cell division for gametes (sex cells). This is a two step process, and 4 daugther cells that are different also called reduction division
What is zygote? - CORRECT ANSWER when an egg (ovum) and sperm meet
Differentiate between oogenesis and ovulation? - CORRECT ANSWER Oogenesis is the creation/production of an ovum (egg).
Ovulation is the release of an ovum (egg) during menstruation
What is spermatogenesis? - CORRECT ANSWER spermatogenesis is the process of sperm maturation FSH promotes and occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Intertital cells secrete (make) what? - CORRECT ANSWER Testosterone
Seminal vesicle produce? - CORRECT ANSWER semen
Cells in the in the seminiferous tubules are:
Germ cells produce:
Sertoli sustentacular cells produce: - CORRECT ANSWER sperm
supporting and nourishment
Parts of the sperm - CORRECT ANSWER Head- contain nucleus and cap like structure call acrosome stores enzymes needed to penetrate the ovum (egg)
Middle piece-contains mitochondria and provides energy
Tail-movement
Where does fertilization take place? - CORRECT ANSWER takes place in the fallopian tubes
Where does the embryo develop? - CORRECT ANSWER In the Uterus
ANH hormone is produced by the...
and it does what.... - CORRECT ANSWER heart
inhibits renin and aldosterone
When blood volume is too high the heart secretes artial natriuretic horomone)
ADH hormone is produced by the..
and it does what..... - CORRECT ANSWER A relatively small peptide molecule that is released by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain after being made nearby in the hypothalamus. ADH has an antidiuretic action that prevents the production of dilute urine and so is antidiuretic
retains water and salt (Na+)
Identify the salivary gland that is located just anterior and inferior to the ears - CORRECT ANSWER Parotid
Salvia contains the enzyme - CORRECT ANSWER amylase
Identify the function of amylase - CORRECT ANSWER aids in the digestion of carbohydrates
Which of the following is NOT a function of saliva?
a) moistens food
b) kills bacteria
c) removes microbes
d) begins digestion of protein - CORRECT ANSWER D
Identify the two primary components of saliva? - CORRECT ANSWER mucous and water
Which part of the pharynx is not part of the passageway for food? - CORRECT ANSWER Nasopharynx
Identify stomach secretions - CORRECT ANSWER HCI, gastrin, intrinsic factor and pepinogen
Identify the stomach secretion that activates pepsin, destroys bacteria and breaks down connective tissue ingested - CORRECT ANSWER HCI
Identify the stomach secretion that binds to vitamin B12 and thus prevents the destruction of vitamin b12 - CORRECT ANSWER Intrinic factor cells
Identify the HOROMONE secreted by the stomach that controls muscular contraction and secretions of the stomach - CORRECT ANSWER Gastrin
Identify the structure that secretes cholecystokinin (CCK) - CORRECT ANSWER small intestine
CCK also causes enzyme release from the pancreas
Where do the pancreatic enzymes function? - CORRECT ANSWER duodenum and small intestine
List the sections of the large intestine in correct order: - CORRECT ANSWER cecum, colon, rectum and anal canal
The acidic chyme of the stomach is neutralized in the small intestine by __________ that produced by the ___________. - CORRECT ANSWER sodium bicarbonate; pancreas
Identify the three hormones secreted by the small intestine - CORRECT ANSWER CCK, GIP, and secretin
The appendix is attached to the - CORRECT ANSWER cecum
The large intestine functions to - CORRECT ANSWER absorb water and electrolytes
Haustra, pouch like structures, are associated with the - CORRECT ANSWER large intestine
Identify the pancreatic secretion that is important for neutralizing the acidic chyme from the stomach - CORRECT ANSWER bicarbonate
Both pepsin and trypsin primarily produce products called - CORRECT ANSWER peptides
Carbohydrates (starches) are chemically broken down in the - CORRECT ANSWER mouth and small intestine
Identify the locations of protein digestion - CORRECT ANSWER stomach and small intestine
The final product of protein digestion is - CORRECT ANSWER amino acids
Periodontitis is - CORRECT ANSWER loss of bone and loosening of the teeth
The final product of meiosis? - CORRECT ANSWER 4 haploid daugther cells that are different 23 chromosomes
Where does spermatogenesis occur? - CORRECT ANSWER seminiferous tubles
Which hormone STIMULATES spermatogenesis? - CORRECT ANSWER Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Identify the cells that produce testosterone - CORRECT ANSWER interstitial cells
Identify cells that provide nourishment and support to developing sperm cells. - CORRECT ANSWER sustentacular cells
How many sperm are formed from one primary spermatocyte? - CORRECT ANSWER 4
Place the types of sperm cells in order from most immature to most mature - CORRECT ANSWER Spermatogonium, primary spermocyte, secondary spermatocyte and spermaid
The haploid (n) number of chromosomes inhuman cells is - CORRECT ANSWER 23
A cell with 46 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. The result is 2 cells, each with: - CORRECT ANSWER 46 chromosomes that are generally identical
Cells within the seminiferous tubles include: - CORRECT ANSWER germ cells, sperm, and sustentacular cells ,supporting and nourishment,
Where do sperm mature? - CORRECT ANSWER epididymides
What structure transports sperm from the testes to the addominal cavity? - CORRECT ANSWER vas deferens
Sperm is most viable in a ______ solution - CORRECT ANSWER slightly basic
Which male gland produces a secretion that is think, milky and alkaline? - CORRECT ANSWER prostate
Which hormone stimulates testosterone production? - CORRECT ANSWER luteinizing hormone LH
The penis consists of three columns of erectile tissue: two _______ and one ______. - CORRECT ANSWER corpora cavernosa; corpus spongiosum
The ejaculatory ducts pass through the ______ and join the _____. - CORRECT ANSWER protstate gland; urethra
The ovaries produce: - CORRECT ANSWER estrogen, progesterone and ova
The formation of an ovum through the process of meiosis is called - CORRECT ANSWER oogenesis.
How many viable cells are produced by oogenesis? - CORRECT ANSWER 4
Identify the structures that usually disintegrate during oogenesis. - CORRECT ANSWER polar bodies
Identify the hormone that stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone LH . - CORRECT ANSWER GnRH
Place the stages of follicular development in chronological order. - CORRECT ANSWER Primary oocyte - secondary oocyte - vesicular Graafian follicle
The function of fimbriae is to help - CORRECT ANSWER move the secondary oocyte into the fallopian tube.
The female external genital organs are collectively called the: - CORRECT ANSWER vulva
The birth canal is the _____. - CORRECT ANSWER vagina
The structure of the female that is homologous to the penis in males is the ______. - CORRECT ANSWER clitoris
Identify the hormone that stimulates ovulation. - CORRECT ANSWER LH
What structure is formed in the ovary from the follicle of an ovulated ovum? - CORRECT ANSWER corpus luteum
Identify the hormone(s) that is/are secreted by the corpus luteum. - CORRECT ANSWER Both progesterone and estrogen
Estrogen is responsible for the - CORRECT ANSWER thickening of the endometrium
Follicle stimulating hormone FSH is secreted by the: - CORRECT ANSWER anterior pituitary gland
Which of the following does not describe events of the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER Estrogen causes a large decrease in LH secretion.
What occurs in the uterus during the ovarian follicular phase? - CORRECT ANSWER menstruation
thickening of the endometrium.
uterine proliferative phase
The third phase of the uterine cycle is the ______ phase. - CORRECT ANSWER secretory
The longest part of the ovarian cycle occurs after ovulation and is called the _____ phase. - CORRECT ANSWER luteal
Place the events of the ovarian cycle in chronological order - CORRECT ANSWER Follicular phase - ovulation - luteal phase
Place the events of the uterine cycle in chronological order. - CORRECT ANSWER Menstruation - proliferative phase - secretory phase
Which hormone is produced in higher amounts during the ovarian luteal phase? - CORRECT ANSWER progesterone
Menstruation and the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle correspond to what event(s) of the ovarian cycle. - CORRECT ANSWER Follicular phase
When is the level of estrogen the highest? - CORRECT ANSWER When the follicle is largest.
The flow of blood and tissues passing out of the vagina during the woman's period is called _______ . - CORRECT ANSWER mensus
Which of the following is NOT an ovarian cycle phase? A) follicular b) ovulation c) luteal d) menstuation - CORRECT ANSWER D) menstuation
Which of the following is NOT a uterine cycle phase? - CORRECT ANSWER ovulation
The first milk that is produced following delivery is called _____. - CORRECT ANSWER colostrum
The production of milk requires the hormone _____ and the "let down" of milk requires the hormone ______. - CORRECT ANSWER prolactin; oxytocin
Of the natural methods of contraception, which one is most effective? - CORRECT ANSWER abstinence
the presence of uterine tissue outside the uterus is called - CORRECT ANSWER endometriosis.
Which of the following is an STD caused by a virus? - CORRECT ANSWER genital warts
What is caused by Papilloma viruses in humans? - CORRECT ANSWER genital warts
Which bacterial STD has three distinct stages? - CORRECT ANSWER syphills
What is bulbourethral glands? (cowper glands) - CORRECT ANSWER Internal accessory organs it secrete a mucus-like fluid that lubricates the ends of the penis
Urea is made in the _____ and removed from the body via the ____________ - CORRECT ANSWER liver; kidneys
When blood supply to the kidneys drops, the kidneys will release - CORRECT ANSWER Renin
When the oxygen content of the blood decreases, the kidneys will release - CORRECT ANSWER erythropoietin
Aldosterone stimulates the kidneys to - CORRECT ANSWER reabsorption of sodium ions and water
Which of the following is not a region of the kidney?
A) medulla
B) cortex
C) lobule
D) pelvis - CORRECT ANSWER C
Where in the kidney are the glomeruli located? - CORRECT ANSWER cortex
Where does filtration based on blood pressure occur? - CORRECT ANSWER glomerulus
Glomerular filtration occurs between the _____ and the ______. - CORRECT ANSWER glomerulus and the glomerular capsule
The process of returning water, nutrients, and salt to the blood from the filtrate in the tubules is - CORRECT ANSWER tubular reabsorption.
Where does tubular reabsorption primarily occur? - CORRECT ANSWER proximal convoluted tubule
Identify the mechanisms of water intake. - CORRECT ANSWER Fluid ingested, food ingested and metabolic processes
The reabsorption of water from the Loop of Henle depends on the movement of ______ out of the tubule. - CORRECT ANSWER sodium chloride
Identify the mechanisms of water output. - CORRECT ANSWER Exhaled air, sweat, urine and feces
What molecule adds to the increased solute concentration in the lowest part of the renal medulla? - CORRECT ANSWER urea
Where does tubular secretion primarily occur? - CORRECT ANSWER distal convoluted tubule
To increase the reabsorption of water, which parts of the kidney tubules are involved? - CORRECT ANSWER Loop of Henle and collecting duct
The best indicator of blood osmolarity is the blood concentration of ______ ions. - CORRECT ANSWER sodium [Show Less]