HESI A2 (Anatomy & Physiology) V1/V2 Exam 135 Questions with Verified Answers
What is a characteristic of viral herpes - CORRECT ANSWER Skin
... [Show More] Eruption
When a boxer gets hit & has a deviated septum? - CORRECT ANSWER Vomer (in nose)
Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory? - CORRECT ANSWER Pharynx
A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreased sensation in? - CORRECT ANSWER Arm, inability to abduct arms and fingers
Which bone does not articulate with any other bone? - CORRECT ANSWER Hyoid Bone
Which of the following statements best describes endocrine glands? - CORRECT ANSWER They secrete chemicals into the blood, growth, metabolism, sexual development and function
Diet is important because bone are storage places for? - CORRECT ANSWER Calcium & Phosphorus
Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and urinary system? - CORRECT ANSWER Urethra
Ligaments provide which connection? - CORRECT ANSWER Bone to bone
Which structure conducts urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder? - CORRECT ANSWER Ureter
Anaerobic respiration can lead to a burning sensation cause by which molecule? - CORRECT ANSWER Lactic Acid
As a part of the negative feedback system, which type of cell is stimulated to re-absorb bone matrix in response to a decrease in calcium in the blood? - CORRECT ANSWER Osteoclasts (break down bone so it can release Ca+ into interstitial fluid)
Sweat on the skin's surface cools the body through which process? - CORRECT ANSWER Evaporation
When assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian and the nurse notes that she has a unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten a large amount of? - CORRECT ANSWER Carrot and squash
Which hand position describes an anatomical position of a person who is standing erect with feet forward? - CORRECT ANSWER Palms facing anterior
Which structure is a ball & socket joint? - CORRECT ANSWER Shoulder
Which anatomical structure houses the malleus, incus & stapes? - CORRECT ANSWER Skull & Ear
What are like cells grouped together called? - CORRECT ANSWER Tissue
The pulse point located behind the knee is palpated over which artery? - CORRECT ANSWER Popliteal
Ceruminous (aprocrine) glands secrete? - CORRECT ANSWER Earwax
What type of synovial joint is the elbow? - CORRECT ANSWER Hinge
What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated / increased? - CORRECT ANSWER Cardiac output
Where does digestion begin in the digestive system - CORRECT ANSWER Oral cavity
Which cell structure regulates the transport of substances in & out of a cell? - CORRECT ANSWER Plasma Membrane
The mediastinum is located within which cavity? - CORRECT ANSWER Thoracic cavity
What is the effect of Serotonin, a neurotransmitter? - CORRECT ANSWER Involved with mood, anxiety, sleep, happiness, appetite
What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in nephrons when antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted? - CORRECT ANSWER H2O is re-absorbed from urinary filtrate
What is the function of thrombocytes (platelets)? - CORRECT ANSWER Blood clotting
Which muscle of the quad femoris group lies on the outer side surface of lower extremity? - CORRECT ANSWER Vastus Lateralis
Which structure is located on the sternum - CORRECT ANSWER Xiphoid Process
The occipital region is located in which part of the body? - CORRECT ANSWER Head / Skull
Which structure carries oxygen to the cells? - CORRECT ANSWER Hemoglobin
Which gland is commonly known as the "Master Gland?" - CORRECT ANSWER Pituitary Gland
Aspirin occurs when there is a tear in which structures? - CORRECT ANSWER Ligament
What epidermal derivative is involved in temperature homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER Eccrine gland (Merocrine / Sweat gland)
Which statement are true about bone? - CORRECT ANSWER Osteoblasts (build up of bone), Epiphysial (end of bone), Diaphysis (shaft of bone)
Aqueous humor is watery fluid in which part of the body? - CORRECT ANSWER Eye (in front of eye, between the lens & cornea)
The malleus, incus & stapes are located in which part of the body? - CORRECT ANSWER Ear
Dorsiflexion & Plantarflexion are types of joint movement that are associated with which part of the body - CORRECT ANSWER Foot
Within which vessel does blood return from the lungs? - CORRECT ANSWER Pulmonary vein (Remember pulmonary is heart, veins take deoxygenated blood back to the heart, Arteries carry oxygen & nutrients away from the heart)
Which part of the brain is involved in auditory functioning - CORRECT ANSWER Temporal Lobe
What internal structure of the ear is concerned with hearing? - CORRECT ANSWER Cochlea
Fertilization of an ovum occurs in which anatomical structure? - CORRECT ANSWER Fallopian tubes (also called uterine tubes)
Where is the tibialis anterior muscle located? - CORRECT ANSWER Lower leg
An over production of cerumen (earwax) can accumulate in which area? - CORRECT ANSWER External ear and canals
The mitral valve is located between which two structures? - CORRECT ANSWER Left ventricle and left atrium
The olfactory nerve is associated in which sense? - CORRECT ANSWER Smell
Vessel carries blood from the body to the heart? - CORRECT ANSWER Vena cava
Hormones produced by the ovaries? - CORRECT ANSWER Estrogen and Progesterone
Plane divides the body into left and right sides? - CORRECT ANSWER Sagittal
Two divisions that make up the nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER PNS & CNS (Peripheral & Central)
The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the distal region of the humerus. What are is he describing? - CORRECT ANSWER Epiphysis
Part of the brain that attaches to the spinal cord? - CORRECT ANSWER Medulla oblongata
Which term is used to describe movement of arms and legs away from the midline of the body? - CORRECT ANSWER Abduction (AB = Away from)
Structure that provides a pulse reading in the neck? - CORRECT ANSWER Carotid artery
Which hormone is produced by the posterior pituitary gland? - CORRECT ANSWER Oxytocin & ADH (Antidiuretic hormone) (ADH is also known as Vasopressin)
What is the primary function of hemoglobin? - CORRECT ANSWER Carry oxygen
What stimulates chemoreceptors to function? - CORRECT ANSWER rise in CO2; Fall in o2
Which condition causes a client to say, "I can't see far away?" - CORRECT ANSWER Nearsightedness (Think opposite, far is near, near is far)
What is the function of golgi apparatus? - CORRECT ANSWER -packaging proteins for secretion and transports lipids around the cell
-synthesize carbs & glycoproteins
What organ produces insulin? - CORRECT ANSWER Pancreas
Fertilization occurs in the? - CORRECT ANSWER oviduct
When drawing blood from antecubital region, which blood vessel is used to obtain blood? - CORRECT ANSWER Median cubital
What hormone induces growth of public and axillary hair at puberty? - CORRECT ANSWER Testosterone & Estrogen
Increase rate of breathing results in what blood pH change? - CORRECT ANSWER Alkalosis
What is the function of the hypothalamus? - CORRECT ANSWER Regulates balance and thermoregulation
How many carbs per gram do carbs contain? - CORRECT ANSWER 4
When water molecules move across the cell membrane from high to low concentration, this procress is called? - CORRECT ANSWER Osmosis
What is the result of carbon dioxide in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER Body becomes more acidic
What part of the body is the lower back? - CORRECT ANSWER Lumbar
High levels of which ion would most likely result in a cardiac arrest? - CORRECT ANSWER Potassium
What blood vessels perfuses (goes through) the kidney? - CORRECT ANSWER Renal vein (this vein drains the kidney)
What gland is located on the anterior surface of the trachea? - CORRECT ANSWER Thyroid gland
In white blood cells, what contributes to phagocytosis? - CORRECT ANSWER Macrophages and neutrophils
What structure of the eye picks out color? - CORRECT ANSWER Retina
What is the most protective layer of the skin? - CORRECT ANSWER Epidermis
The organ of corti is located in the? - CORRECT ANSWER Ear
Where in the body are nutrients absorbed? - CORRECT ANSWER Small intestine
The Rough ER functions in the human cells to? - CORRECT ANSWER Synthesize proteins
Tissue repair is enhanced by a diet high in? - CORRECT ANSWER Protein
What is the definition of chyme? - CORRECT ANSWER Semi-fluid mass of partially digested food expelled by the stomach in the duodenum
What are hormones? - CORRECT ANSWER Chemical messengers
What female reproductive organ produces occytes, estrogen, & progesterone? - CORRECT ANSWER Ovaries
What cellular process helps to move debris and mucous through the lining of tubules? - CORRECT ANSWER Cilia
Which is a hollow organ? - CORRECT ANSWER Gall bladder
Which muscle(s) is included in the quad femoris group? - CORRECT ANSWER Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius
Which structure is resposible for normal respiratory function? - CORRECT ANSWER Medulla oblongta
Client has large pituitary tumor what part of the body does this effect? - CORRECT ANSWER Low blood pressure, sickness, head hurting, vision problems
Which structures produce B-lymphocytes? - CORRECT ANSWER Red bone marrow
What occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulation is increased? - CORRECT ANSWER Blood pressure rises & goose bumps
The buttocks are which surface of the body? - CORRECT ANSWER Dorsal
The esophagus is located in which body cavity? - CORRECT ANSWER Thoracic
The tympanic membrane is located between which structures? - CORRECT ANSWER External auditory canal & middle ear
How many days is the average menstrual cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER 28 days
Which structure produces T-lymphocytes? - CORRECT ANSWER Thymus
Calcaneus is located in? - CORRECT ANSWER Foot
Urinary system in the human body primary task is to? - CORRECT ANSWER Expel waste
Which of the following produce progesterone to prepare the uterus for preganancy? - CORRECT ANSWER Corpus luteum
What are finger prints made of? - CORRECT ANSWER Friction ridges
ABCD of cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER Melanoma
Which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organ be found? - CORRECT ANSWER Pelvic region
Which one up angle at the joint? - CORRECT ANSWER Extensor
Which hormone is released by posterior lobe? - CORRECT ANSWER Oxytocin & ADH (ADH is known as Vasopressin)
Order of organization of living things? - CORRECT ANSWER Organelle, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organisms, Populations, Communities, Ecosystem, Biosphere
All living things are made up of? - CORRECT ANSWER Cells
What bones are formed first during intramembranous ossification? - CORRECT ANSWER Flat bones of the skull, the mandible, and the clavicles.
Most obvious skin cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER Basal cell carcinoma
Active transport requires? - CORRECT ANSWER Requires energy (ATP) from cell
Passive transport? - CORRECT ANSWER Does not require energy
Diffusion is? - CORRECT ANSWER Movement of molecules or particles along a concentration gradient, high to low concentration
Osmosis is? - CORRECT ANSWER Movement of water across a membrane (low to high concentration)
Fibrous joints are? - CORRECT ANSWER Stationary & held together by ligaments only
Cartilaginous is? - CORRECT ANSWER Connection between articulating bones made up of cartilage
Synovial joints are? - CORRECT ANSWER Freely mobile
Types of asexual reproduction? - CORRECT ANSWER binary fission and mitosis
What is the eustachian tube? - CORRECT ANSWER Links the nasopharynx to the middle ear
Calciferol (aka vitamin D) is controlled by? - CORRECT ANSWER Parathyroid hormone
Sebaceous gland function? - CORRECT ANSWER Secretes oil
What is endocytosis? - CORRECT ANSWER Engulfs and brings in (endo = internal)
What is exocytosis? - CORRECT ANSWER Fuses with plasma membrane & releases contents outside of the cell (exo = exit)
Pituitary gland produces? - CORRECT ANSWER Adrenocorticotropic hormone and growth hormone
What does adrenal gland secrete? - CORRECT ANSWER Cortisol & Aldosterone
Aerobic respiration takes place in? - CORRECT ANSWER Mitochondria and requires oxygen and glucose to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy
Anaerobic respiration produces? - CORRECT ANSWER Energy and uses glucose, but produces less energy and does NOT require oxygen
What parts of the respiratory system are in the upper respiratory? - CORRECT ANSWER Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
Aerobic respirations happens in the presence of? - CORRECT ANSWER Oxygen
What is the soft spot on a baby's head? - CORRECT ANSWER Fontanelle
Layers of the epidermis? - CORRECT ANSWER Stratum Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale
The top of the sternum is called? - CORRECT ANSWER Manubrium
Parts of the sternum? - CORRECT ANSWER Manubrium, Body, Xiphoid Process
What makes up most plasma? - CORRECT ANSWER Water
Polypeptides are? - CORRECT ANSWER Chains of amino acids
What is mitosis? - CORRECT ANSWER The process of cell division that occurs in five stages before pinching two daughter cells in a process called cytokinesis
What is Meosis? - CORRECT ANSWER Is to make haploid gametes and production of germ cells.
Ribs are attached to the? - CORRECT ANSWER Sternum [Show Less]