What does the temporal bone include?
`the mastoid process, styloid process, articular fossa and eminence, stylomastoid foramen (VII), and petrous portion
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What bone is considered the most medial bone of the orbit?
The Lacrimal bone
What bone is a nonarticulated horseshoe shaped bone in the midline, inferior to the mandible?
Hyoid bone
What are bilateral bones?
The same bone that is located on the right and the left side
What bone may be considered a bilateral bone?
temporal bone, zygomatic bone etc.
What nerve goes through the Superior Orbital Fissure and what division is it considered?
Opthalmic nerve; (V1) Opthalmic division
What nerve goes through the Foramen Rotundum and what division is it considered?
maxillary nerve; (V2) maxillary division
What nerve goes through the Foramen Ovale and what division is it considered?
mandibular nerve; (V3) mandibular nerve
The opthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves are all branches of what nerve?
The trigeminal nerve
What bone projects from the medial pterygoid plate?
Hamulus
What are the 12 cranial nerves?
olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossolypharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal
Which of these cranial nerves are sensory?
olfactory, optic, vestibulocochlear,
Which of these cranial nerves are motor?
oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, accessory, hypoglossal
Which of these cranial nerves are sensory and motor?
Trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus
What functions are involved with the facial nerve?
muscles of mastication, taste sensation (anterior 2/3 of tongue),sublingual and submandibular salivary glands (parasympathetic)
What functions are involved with the glossopharyngeal nerve?
posterior 1/3 of tongue, parotid gland
What functions are involved with the hypoglossal nerve?
muscles of the tongue (except palatoglossus x, xI)
How to remember the what cranial nerves are sensory, motor, or both?
Some say marry money, but my brother says (its) bad business (to) marry money
What does the V1 opthalmic division include?
tip of nose (nasociliary), eyes (lacrimal), and forehead (frontal)
What does the V2 maxillary division include?
the upper teeth, nose, palate, mouth, cheek, and temporal region
What does the V3 mandibular division include?
muscles of mastication (motor) and lower teeth (sensory)
What nerve innervates the tooth pulp on the mandible?
Inferior Alveolar Nerve
What is the innervation of the muscles of mastication?
Mandibular Division of the Trigeminal Nerve (V3)
What is the difference between the origin and insertion?
origin is the anchor while insertion is the movable part
What are the 4 muscles of mastication?
temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid
What 3 muscles close the mouth, elevate the mandible?
temporalis, medial pterygoid, and masseter muscles
What muscle open the mouth along with the hyoid muscle?
Lateral ptergoid muscle
What is the one of the main bones involved with the TMJ and what does it include?
temporal bone; mandibular fossa, glenoid fossa, or articular fossa ( articular eminence anterior to the fossa)
Where is the rotation of the TMJ located?
condyle rotates in the fossa
What are two infrahyoid muscles?
thyrohyoid and sternothyroid
What is the common junction of the sternothyroid muscle?
thyroid area
Where are the infrahyoid muscles located?
beneath the hyoid bone
What are 2 suprahyoid muscles?
mylohyoid and stylohyoid
What muscles make up the floor of the mouth?
The mylohyoid muscles
What nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
accessory nerve, XI
What nerve innervate the Trapezius muscle?
accessory nerve, XI
What is the orgin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
sternum (breastbone) and clavicle (collarbone)
What is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
mastoid process of the temporal bone
What is the orgin of the trapezius?
occipital and vertebral bones
What is the insertion of the trapezius muscle?
scapula (shoulder blade) and clavicle (collarbone)
What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
tilts and rotates the head
What is the function of the veins?
to carry blood to the heart
What is the function of the arteries?
to carry blood away from the heart
What is the name for the SA node?
SinoAtrial Node
Where is the SA node located and what is its function?
located in the right atrial wall and it is considered the pacemaker of the heart
Where do we take an emergency pulse on an adult and child?
adult= carotid artery child= brachial artery
Where do we take a non-emergency pulse on an adult and child?
adult= radial artery child= brachial artery
what vein and artery are the exception to the rule that if they usually run with one another that they usually have the same name?
The carotid artery and the jugular vein
What anesthesia block might pierce the pterygoid plexus and leave a hematoma if there is improper angulation of the needle?
PSA injection
Where is the pterygoid plexus found?
near the pterygoid muscles, maxillary tuberosity, and sphenoid bone
What structures drain into the ptyergoid plexus?
teeth, muscles of mastication, buccinator, nose, and palate
What vein does the pytergoid plexus drain to form?
maxillary vein
What is the cavernous sinus?
a sinus containing venous blood located on each side of the body of the sphenoid bone, near the base of the brain, behind the bridge of the nose.
If a pregnant lady is laying on her back what vein may receive pressure and cause orthostatic hypotension?
Inferior vena cava
What is orthostatic hypotension?
a drop in BP due to sudden change in posture
What is the lymphatic system?
a network of tiny channels and nodes
What are the 3 main lymph nodes to remember?
submental nodes, submandibular nodes, and deep cervical nodes [Show Less]