During synaptic transmission...
neurotransmitter filled vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane
Which statement below is true of olfaction
... [Show More] (smell) and gustation (taste)?
Both use G-protein coupled receptors to amplify signals
When you perceiving the "smell" of something in the air, it means that...
multiple sensory neurons have bound odor molecules, fired action potentials, and their combined EPSPs have been summed by interneurons to transmit a signal to the brain
Why does the voltage start returning back to resting potential at 4?
the Na/K pump
At what point would the action potential break down (making the figure no longer correct) if voltage gated Na+ channels failed to close?
3
If you were closely monitoring a neuron and notice voltage gated K+ channels are closed, voltage-gated Na+ channels are closed, voltage gated potential is -50mV, which portion of the action potential must the neuron be in?
1
If you are closely monitoring a neuron and notice Na+ ions are rushing into the neuron, voltage gated K+ channels are closed, and the membrane potential is -20mV, which portion of the action potential must the neuron be in?
2
Postsynaptic neurons, through their dendrites, have many connections with multiple presynaptic neurons. Some of these connections are inhibitory, some are excitatory. Which of the following ions moving into a postsynaptic neuron could result in an IPSP?
Cl-
Afferent neurons receive signals from...
sensory cells
If you were closely monitoring a neuron and notice K+ ions are rushing out of the neuron, voltage gates Nq+ channels are plugged and the membrane potential is -60 mV, which portion of the action potential must the neuron be in?
Right before 4 (in this picture)
As an organism gets larger (grows), its volume increases, surface area decreases, and the surface area to volume ratio gets smaller. T/F?
False
The anterior and posterior pituitary gland both receive signals from which part of the brain?
Hypothalamus
Learning and memory involve changes in neural circuits within specific regions of the brain. At the cellular level, repeated stimulation of a presynaptic neuron may result in learning if:
the postsynaptic cell becomes more responsive to subsequent stimulation
If the sarcoplasmic reticulum of a skeletal muscle were not able to release calcium into the cytoplasm, what would be the effect?
The cell could not contract. period luv.
during muscle contraction, cross bridges are formed between:
actin and myosin
depression is a complex disease. no one knows exactly what causes it, but it can happen for a variety of reasons. one thing is certain though, depression is not due to a lack or moral integrity. what results in a person being depressed?
-too few of the molecules that build neurotransmitters (chemical precursors)
-too little of a specific neurotransmitters is produced
-presynaptic neurons take the neurotransmitter back up before it reaches the receptor cell
-not enough receptor sites receive the neurotransmitter
which of the following does NOT occur when you are asleep?
brain activity increases (higher frequency as measured by an EEG) as new synapses are formed and consolidated
which of the following does occur when you are asleep?
-your body cycles through the various stages of sleep sometimes 5+ times in one night
-your body helps restore brain chemistry in preparation for the next day
-your memories are consolidated and become stable
Norepinephrine (NE) is a hormone secreted by the adrenal gland during periods of stress. Among many function, it acts to increase heart rate and blood glucose levels by binding cellular receptors in tissues in the heart and liver. What best describes NE?
NE is a direct hormone whose receptors are on the outside of the target cells and is released as an endocrine response to stress [Show Less]