State Legislative Statutes: What do they do?
(law created by the state)
-They are the Nurse Practice Act
-Provides Title protection,
-Grants legal
... [Show More] authority;
-Define Scope of Practice ,
-Defines advanced practice,
-Puts restrictions on practice,
-Sets credentialing requirements,
-Sets grounds for disciplinary actions,
-May require a Collaborative agreement
Statutory Law
(written law created by legislative body)
-rules and regulations differ per state
-may further define scope of practice requirements
-may provide restrictions unique to each state
Licensure
The state grants permission to practice
Credentialing
ensuring minimum level of competence
Certification
-Is a credential that provides title protection, -Determine scope of practice
-Process as to how ANCC certifies that NP has met specified standards;
-Assures mastery and skills;
-ANA is the only certifying body for psych nursing
Scope of Practice
-Define NP roles and actions
-Identify competencies
Standard of Practice
-Provides a way to judge the nature of care
-Reflex the expectation for the care
-May include precise protocols or general guidelines
What is HIPAA?
-Privacy Protection Act
-Garante 4 rights:
1. To be educated about privacy
2. Have access to their own med. record
3. Request amendments to their med record to which they object
4. Permission to disclose their records
What is Health Information Technology for Economic And Clinical Health Act (HITECH)?
-Provide intensive payment for sharing electronic medical record (EHR) data
-Meaningful use incentive
Exceptions to guaranteed confidentiality
-The need for information outweigh confidentiality
-Intent to harm self or others,
-attorney involved in litigation
-records released to insurance companies,
-answering court orders, subpoenas, or summons
-mandatory reporting of diseases,
-Child or elder abuse
-duty to warn potential victims (Tarasoff principle, 1976)
Informed Consent
-Communication between the patient and provider that results in patient accepting or rejecting the proposed treatment.
-Explanation of relevant information that enables the client to make an informed decision.
-Right of all adults and emancipated minors (person <18 who is married or live independently of parents)
Elements of Informed Consent
Nature and purpose of treatment
Risks / Benefits of doing treatment
Risks / Benefits of not doing it
Alternatives treatments
Diagnosis and prognosis
Theoretical Approaches to Ethical Decision Making include the following theory:
Deontological Theory
Teleological Theory
Virtue Ethics
Deontological Theory
Action is good or bad based on the act itself, regardless of the concsequences
Theological Theory
Action good or bad based on consequences or outcomes
Virtue Ethics
Action is chosen based on moral virtures (honesty, courage, compassion, wisdome...) or the character of the person making the decision
Justice
Doing what is fair, fairness in all aspects of care
Beneficence
Promoting well-being and doing good.
Nonmaleficence
Doing no harm
Fidelity
Being true and loyal
Autonomy
Doing for self
Veracity
Telling the truth
Respect
Treating everyone with equal respect
What are the 4 Elements of Negligence to Prove Malpractice
1. Duty: to provide reasonable care
2.Breach of Duty: violation of standards
3. Proximate Cause: relationship between the breach of standard and patient's injuries
4. Damages: permanent and substantial
What is Reflective Practice?
-A model to systemically "make sense of practice"
-Process to tell a story to gain insight into practice
-Enhance critical thinking and problem-solve
Primary Prevention
-Decrease incidence or onset (# of new cases)
-Help pts avoid deseases, stressors, or cope better
-Ex: stress mgmt. classes, smoking prevention classes, immunizations
Secondary Prevention
-Decrease prevalence (# of existing cases)
-Early case-finding,
-Screening, (pop smear, BP)
-Fast/effective treatment
-Ex: hotlines, crisis intervention, disaster response,
Tertiary Prevention
-Decrease disability and severity
-Rehab, avoid complications
-Ex: day tx, case mgmt. for needs, social skills training
Types of Risk factors predisposing a person to develop a disorder
-Biological
-Psychological:
-Social
Biological Risk factors
Hx of mental illness,
poor nutrition,
poor general health [Show Less]