Which of the following statements from the passage most strongly indicates that the passage was written prior to the twenty-first century? - correct
... [Show More] answer "The regular holding of deliberative assemblies of a thousand members encounters the gravest difficulties in respect of room and distance. . . ."
The correct answer is A, because that option clearly reflects an earlier set of technological possibilities. In the twenty-first century, the Internet and other forms of electronic communication would certainly ameliorate "the gravest difficulties" in "holding . . . deliberative assemblies of a thousand members." The sentence in paragraph five that follows the sentence in option A ("Even if we imagined the means of communication . . .") clearly signals as well that the passage was written before the twenty-first century.
Honestly no idea why i picked this
Which of the following assertions in the passage does the author support with a practical example? - correct answer "[I]t is impossible for the collectivity to undertake the direct settlement of all the controversies that may arise."
the question asks which passage assertion is supported with a "practical example." The answer is D because the claim about the impossibility of a "collectivity" settling all of the "controversies that may arise" in a society, is supported by the example (in the final paragraph) of what happens when "Peter wrongs Paul." That example demonstrates why it is absurd to imagine that the entire "collectivity" would be able to examine the circumstances of the controversy and adjudicate it.
WIMI: no clue honestly this passage sucked
Consider that some groups are defined as "cults"; members of these extremist sects generally live communally and obey an authoritarian, charismatic leader. Assume that all cults have fewer than 100 members. This information would tend to weaken the passage's assertions about the: - correct answer reasonableness of small groups compared to large groups.
The answer is D, because the question describes a small group in which people "obey an authoritarian, charismatic leader." In the passage, however, the author claims that a "great multitude" is more likely to succumb to "unreflective enthusiasm . . . than is a small meeting" (paragraph 2). So if the cults that the question describes are small groups of fewer than 100 members, this would weaken passage claims about the more considered behavior of small groups when compared to larger ones.
- passage says small areas w big groups have more panic alarms, enthusiasm
WIMI: Between A and D
pervasiveness - correct answer the quality of spreading widely or being present throughout an area or a group of people.
Which of the following facts cited in the passage gives the strongest support for the claim that Portuguese liberals were in the minority politically? - correct answer The commoners were politically conservative.
The correct answer is D, because paragraph 2 defines the components of the commoners as a highly inclusive segment of the populace: "peasants, craftspeople, tradespeople, soldiers." The aggregate number of their ranks would, therefore, vastly outnumber the relatively few groups of individuals (including scientists and poets) that comprise the liberal faction alluded to in the passage (paragraph 3).
Called them "guardian's of the past" so they were conservative
WIMI: stupid mistake
The authors imply that the Portuguese ambassador applauded the French National Assembly because of genuine sympathy for their ideals. Alternatively, the ambassador's action could be explained as indicating that: - correct answer living in France, he was in fear of the new revolutionary French government.
This is a Reasoning Beyond the Text question as it asks you to identify the novel situation most consistent with passage information. This is the most plausible: pretending support for those with power over you can offer protection from them. Option A is correct
the Portuguese ambassador in Paris, who may have read Rousseau or heard Mirabeau, applauded the French National Assembly;
WIMI: don't know why they say not to bring outside info in when this one has that
The author's analysis of image-making rests on the assumption that a capitalist society separates: - correct answer private perception from social order.
it asks you to recognize an implicit assumption on which a passage argument is based. The answer is B. In paragraph 3, the author distinguishes the aesthetic approach from the instrumental approach to image-making. The first is matched up with private perception ("Cameras capture and 'fix' impressions from that mythical space known as private perception"); and the second linked to the social order ("cameras also arm vision in the service of power - of the state. . . ."). In the next paragraph, this dichotomy is described as a capacity to "subjectify" reality and to "objectify it."
WIMI: inbetween this answer and my wrong one
Which of the following passage assertions suggests most strongly that the author is critical of capitalist society? - correct answer Freedom to consume is equated with freedom itself.
A is the correct answer. This statement is made to explain, in a capitalist society, the constant production and consumption of images ("The narrowing of free political choice to free economic consumption [that] requires the constant production and consumption of images" in paragraph 4.) Because the author contends that this increasing supply of images is what leads to the 'disease' of a depleted real world (paragraph 5) and our inability to distinguish between images and real objects (paragraph 6), it does suggest that the author is critical of capitalist society. Freedom or liberty, by definition, entails much more than the right to purchase commodities.
WIMI: guessed it but can see why wrong! question asking about capitalist society
can eliminate B and D
Recent technological developments like high-resolution satellite imagery and diagnostic positron emission tomography (PET scans) have refined and extended the camera's capacity to provide information. Which passage assertion does this information support most strongly? - correct answer Photography can be used to both control and benefit society.
Satellite images of offenders such as speeding drivers could, for example, be used to both control (by penalizing offenders) and benefit society (by protecting them from offenders); PET scans could be used to benefit society by revealing information about the human anatomy. Option D is the correct answer.
WIMI: stuck between D and A
just confused on how PET can be to control a society??
The central thesis of the passage is that class-size reductions: - correct answer can improve academic achievement under some conditions but may not be the most effective way to do so.
The answer is A, as the passage argues that while there is some evidence that reductions in class size do improve academic performance, these reductions are shown to be effective "only under certain conditions" (paragraph 2). The author argues that because reductions in class size are more expensive than are some other alternatives for improving academic performance, researchers should do more to compare the costs and benefits of reductions in class size with those of other interventions "before they can make sensible policy decisions" (final paragraph).
WIMI: answer i picked was an idea mentioned but not main idea
The assertion that reducing class sizes requires more teachers (first paragraph) plays which of the following roles in the passage? - correct answer It provides an explanation for the substantial costs of class-size reductions.
The answer is B, because the passage reference to the greater number of teachers required in order to reduce class size comes right after the point that class-size reductions cost "plenty," and implicitly explains what makes them cost so much.
WIMI: my answer choice was so stupid; number of teachers isn;t the need for more data --> the cost of having a smaller class is
stupid mistake
Which of the following findings would most weaken the author's explanation of the observed effects of class-size reductions? - correct answer Class-size reductions in the early grades are effective regardless of whether the teachers use methods well suited to small classes.
This is another Reasoning Beyond the Text question, because it asks which situation, listed in the options and not presented in the passage, would have a particular effect (in this case, a weakening effect) on a passage claim.
The answer is A, because the author's explanation for improved performance in small classes rests on the fact that "some teachers, who already use methods well suited to smaller classes, do very well when they are actually given small classes." If, however, early grades showed improvements in student performance in smaller classes regardless of teaching techniques, then this would clearly weaken the author's explanation for the effects of class-size reductions.
WIMI: WEAKEN!!
answer i picked doesnt weaken the claim
The passage discussion of local content (paragraph 5) assumes which of the following? - correct answer There is an "artificial boundary between the roles of student and citizen."
In paragraph 5, the author advocates a locally-based curriculum that is meant to allow students to do more than study "abstract theories [and] . . . airy generalizations. The author writes that this "rooted education . . . will tend to erase the artificial boundary between the roles of student and citizen." Because the author seeks to erase this boundary, the author must believe that such a boundary has been erected and enforced to begin with. This is a Comprehension question, because it asks you to understand a passage claim and how it functions as part of the author's argument.
WIMI: reading comprehension issue
Based on the description of performance in the second paragraph of the passage, which of the following occupations is most analogous to professional acting? - correct answer Massage therapist
The answer is D, because the passage describes performance as "unusual in that it is a labor process both exhibited before and consumed by an audience. The . . . actor both produces the commodity and embodies it." This is most analogous to a massage therapist, who physically and visibly produces the commodity (the massage) for the consumer.
WIMI: paragraph talks about how something is produced, shown off, and then taken in by audience
In the passage, the author explains that his focus is different from that of most historians because he: - correct answer deals with the economic realities of the theater.
The answer is C because the author writes in the first paragraph that "Most often, historians have allowed the dreams that actors weave to take precedence over the process of weaving." He then goes on to distinguish his own perspective from that of "most" historians, writing, "However, actors' dealings with their employers, like those of many other laborers, were fraught with tension." The rest of the paragraph talks about the economic circumstances confronted by actors and puts that in the context of the economic conditions in the culture industry more broadly. The author's concern with the "economic realities" of actors' lives is part of what makes his work different from that of other historians, according to the passage.
WIMI: idk honestly my pick was similar to the correct answer but this is already known by others
we want to know what he does
The passage offers no information about mambos' and houngans': - correct answer costumes
C is the correct answer, because passage information is available about the other options, but there is no information about or even reference to the specific costumes worn by the mambos and houngans. There is a reference to "costume changes" at the end of paragraph 3, but there is no way to know who is wearing these costumes, and there is certainly no information about any costumes specifically worn by mambos or houngans.
WIMI: honestly this one was stupid for me to miss
PASSAGE TALKS ABOUT BELIEFS BUT NO COSTUMES [Show Less]