WGU C168-Critical Thinking & Logic Module
1 Questions And Answers Already passed
(latest update 2024/2025)
Critical Thinking - answers Is an
... [Show More] intellectual model for understanding issues and
forming reasonable and informed views on them.
Critical Thinking composes three interlinking dimensions: - answers 1. Analyzing one's
own thinking-breaking it down into its component
2. Evaluating one's own thinking-identifying it's weaknesses while recognizing it's
strengths
3. Improving one's own thinking-reconstructing it to make it better
Stereotype - answers Is a fixed or oversimplified conception of a person, group, or idea
Critical thinking is: - answers 1. Self-directed
2. Self-disciplined
3. Self-motivated
4. Self-corrective
Egocentrism - answers Is the tendency to view everything in relationship ton oneself
and to regard one's own opinions, values, or interests as most important
Sociocentrism - answers Is the assumption that one's own social group is inherently
superior to all others
What does a well-cultivated critical thinker do? - answers 1. Raises vital questions
2.Gathers and assesses relevant information
3. Reaches well-reasoned conclusions and solutions
4. Thinks open-mindedly
5. Communicates effectively with others
First-Order Thinking - answers Is ordinary thinking
Second-Order Thinking - answers Is another term for critical thinking
First-Order Thinking - answers •Spontaneous and non-reflective
•Contains insight, prejudice, good and bad reasoning
•Indiscriminately combined
Second-Order Thinking - answers First-order thinking that is consciously realized (i.e.,
analyzed, assessed, and reconstructed)
Weak-Sense Critical Thinking - answers Is thinking that does not consider counter
viewpoints, that lacks fair-mindedness and that uses critical thinking skills simply to
defend current beliefs
Weak-Sense Critical Thinkers - answers •Ignore the flaws in their own thinking
•Often seek to win an argument through intellectual trickery or deceit.
•Lacks key higher-level skills and values of critical thinking
•Makes no good faith effort to consider alternative viewpoints.
•Lacks fair-mindedness
Weak-Sense Critical Thinkers tend to: - answers •Employ lower-level rhetorical skills
(making it unreasonable thinking appear reasonable thinking appear unreasonable)
•Employ emotionalism and intellectual trickery
•Hide or distort evidence
Strong-Sense Critical Thinking - answers Is thinking that uses critical thinking skills to
evaluate all beliefs, especially one's own, and pursues what is intellectually fair and just
Strong-Sense Critical thinkers: - answers •Strive to be ethical
•Strive to empathize with others' viewpoints
•Will entertain arguments with which they do not agree
•Change their views when confronted with superior reasoning
•Employ their thinking reasonably rather than manipulatively
Fair-minded yields many intellectual virtues it leads us to: - answers •Consider all
thinking by the same standards
•Expect good reasoning from supporters as well as opponents
•Apply the same critical criteria to our own logic as to other's reasoning
•Recognize the actual strengths and weaknesses of any reasoning we assess
Fair Mindedness - answers Is the commitment to consider all relevant opinions equally
without regard to one's own sentiments or selfish interests
The mind performs three basic functions - answers 1. Thinking
2. Feeling
3. Wanting
Thinking - answers Thinking creates meaning. It sorts events in our lives into
categories. It finds patterns in the world around us. Thinking informs us what is going
on.
Feeling - answers Feeling monitors the meanings created by thinking. It evaluates the
degree to which life's events are either positive or negative, given the meaning we
assign to them. This function continually informs us how we should respond emotionally
to what is happening in our lives.
Wanting - answers Wanting allocates energy into action. It does so consistently with
how we define what is desirable and possible. Wanting continually tells us what is (or is
not) worth seeking or getting.
Intellectual Humility (Characterization) - answers Commitment to discovering the
extent of one's own ignorance on any issue
Recognition that one does not - and cannot know everything
Consciousness of one's biases and prejudices
Aware of the limitations of one's viewpoint
Recognition that one should claim only what one actually knows
Awareness that egocentrism is often self deceiving (i.e., convinces the mind that it
knows more than it does)
Intellectual Humility Relationship to Fair-Mindedness - answers Fair - mindedness
requires us to first recognize the ignorance and flaws in our own thinking and to comport
ourselves accordingly . It requires self - awareness and a willingness to examine the
limitations of one's own point of view
Being a fair - minded thinker means habitually applying the standards of reasoning to
one's own thinking in an effort to improve it.
Intellectual Courage - answers Confronting ideas , viewpoints , or beliefs with fairness ,
even when doing so is painful
Examining fairly beliefs which one has strong negative feelings and toward which one
has previously been dismissive
Challenging popular belief
Leads us to recognize that ideas that society deems dangerous or absurd may hold
some truth or justification
Fortifies us to confront false or distorted ideas embraced by social groups to which we
belong
Intellectual Courage Relationship to Fair-Mindedness - answers Critical thinkers don't
link their self - identities to their beliefs . They define themselves according to how they
arrive at their beliefs ( i.e. , the intellectual process ). [Show Less]