Critical thinking is comprised of 3 interlocking dimensions - 1- Analyzing
2- Evaluating
3-Improving
Egocentrism - the tendency to view everything in
... [Show More] relationship to oneself
Sociocentrism - the assumption that one's own social group is inherently superior to all
others
First-Order Thinking - ordinary thinking
- spontaneous and non-reflective
-contains insight, prejudice, good and bad reasoning
- indiscriminately combined
Second-Order Thinking - Critical thinking
-first-order thinking is consciously realized
-is then analyzed, assessed, and reconstructed
Intellectual Humility - opposite is intellectual arrogance
Intellectual Courage - opposite is intellectual cowardice
Intellectual Empathy - opposite is intellectual self-centeredness
Intellectual Integrity - opposite is intellectual dishonesty
intellectual perserverance - opposite it intellectual laziness
Confidence in Reason - opposite is intellectual distrust of reason
intellectual autonomy - opposite is intellectual conformity
3 functions of the mind - 1-thinking
2-feeling
3-wanting
Universal elements of reasoning - 1-purposes
2-questions
3-assumptions
4-implications
5-information
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6-concepts
7-inferences
8-point of view
9 Fundamental Intellectual Standards - 1-Clarity
2-Accuracy
3-Relevance
4-Logic
5-Breadth
6-Precision
7-Significance
8-Fairness
9-Depth
what is something we take for granted as true in our reasoning? - assumption
theories are examples of _______? - Concepts
Distinctions between the elements of reasoning are _____ not _____? -
relative/absolute
3 kids of implications that may be involved in any situations - possible, probably,
necessary
3 types of questions - 1-questions of facts
2-questions of preference
3-questions of judgement
2 Components in Strategic Thinking - 1-Identification
2-Intellectual Action
Sources of Evidence - Analogy
Intuition
Personal Observation
Appeal to Authority
Case Example
Testimonial
Survey/Questionnaire
Research Study
Personal Experience
Chronology
Quantitative Evidence - -Quantifies an observation or phenomenon
-i.e. expresses it as a number or empirical measure
-derives from quantitative research and deductive analysis
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