The origins of the majority of human existence in North America began - ANSWER-with migrations (from Eurasia) across an ancient land bridge over the
... [Show More] Bering Strait.
Which sentence best describes pre-Columbian societies of the Southwest? - ANSWER-They built irrigation systems and constructed towns
Who were the first inhabitants of the American continent? - ANSWER-migrants who crossed over from Asia
Why did the Colonial government in Massachusetts vote to deport Roger Williams? - ANSWER-He preached separation from the Church of England.
What prompted the influx of African slaves to the Southern Colonies and the Caribbean in 1619? - ANSWER-the need for workers on tobacco plantations
Which was not a result of the first interactions between native Americans and Europeans arriving in North and South America? - ANSWER-Native Americans were open to trade and Europeans showed no interest.
Which sentence most accurately describes religious practices and beliefs among slaves in the South in the early 1700s? - ANSWER-They created a blend of Christianity and African folklore.
What was the most significant cause of the war in North America between the French and British in the 1750s and 1760s? - ANSWER-disputes over territory
How did the French and Indian War alter territorial claims in North America? - ANSWER-French territory east of the Mississippi was conceded to the British.
What was Samuel Adams' reason for creating the Committees of Correspondence? - ANSWER-He wanted to publicize Americans' grievances against the British and coordinate the colonists' responses
What was the result of the Tea Act of 1773 among the colonists? - ANSWER-It unified resistance among the colonists to Britain's economic exploitation of the colonies
What action by the American colonists resulted in the passage of the Intolerable Acts by the British Parliament? - ANSWER-the Boston Tea Party
What was Thomas Paine's purpose in writing his pamphlet, Common Sense? - ANSWER-to convince the colonists to break away from the English government
What was the main goal of the Articles of Confederation? - ANSWER-to focus government authority at the state level
What was the principal complaint Anti-Federalists had with the original Constitution? - ANSWER-It lacked a clearly enumerated Bill of Rights.
After the American Revolution, what problem contributed significantly to the need for a federal Constitution? - ANSWER-an impending conflict with Indians
During the formation of the republic, who recommended to President Washington that a national bank should be established? - ANSWER-Alexander Hamilton
Which was a direct result of the "XYZ Affair"? - ANSWER-the creation of the Department of the Navy
In the 1790s, which group believed that America should be rural and agrarian rather than commercial and urban? - ANSWER-Republicans
What was an unusual feature of the Second Great Awakening in the early 1800s? - ANSWER-the large number of women involved in the movement
What was an effect of the Second Great Awakening? - ANSWER-a crusade against personal immorality
What was one of the most important accomplishments of Jefferson's presidency? - ANSWER-purchasing the Louisiana Territory
Which factor contributed to the significant increase in the American population from 1820 to 1840? - ANSWER-improvements in public health
In the early 1800s, what was one of the principles of the slave codes in the South? - ANSWER-Slaves could not be taught to read or write
What inspired Francis Scott Key to write the Star Spangled Banner? - ANSWER-He was proud to see Fort McHenry survive a naval bombardment.
How did the westward expansion of white settlers affect British advantages during the War of 1812? - ANSWER-It caused displaced or threatened Indian tribes to form alliances with the British
Which invention had the greatest effect on transportation and trade during the early years of the American Republic? - ANSWER-steam engine
What economic trend transformed the South in the mid-nineteenth century? - ANSWER-The South experienced a dramatic rise in cotton production
Before the Civil War, what campaign was intended to keep slavery out of new territories? - ANSWER-Free-Soil Movement
Which significant political shift characterized Andrew Jackson's presidency? - ANSWER-more people involved in the political process
What antebellum philosophy in America sparked the creation of new reform institutions? - ANSWER-the belief in the potential of the individual
What antebellum philosophy in America focused on reexamining the individual and the individual's relationship to the natural world? - ANSWER-Transcendentalism
Which of these was a major effect of westward expansion in the time period leading up to the Civil War? - ANSWER-controversy over the legality of slavery in new territories
Which modern-day state did the United States take control of as a direct result of the Mexican-American War? - ANSWER-California
How did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo disappoint President Polk? - ANSWER-The U.S. failed to acquire as much territory as possible.
What was President Lincoln's position on slavery? - ANSWER-He believed it was wrong, but did not advocate for abolishment of slavery
How did the Compromise of 1850 ultimately lead to increased tensions between northern abolitionists and southern supporters of slavery? - ANSWER-It revealed that the differences between North and South were not simply solvable by an act of Congress since both groups continued to oppose aspects of the Compromise
What was a major weakness of the Confederacy during the Civil War? - ANSWER-absence of organized industries
How did the Union and the Confederacy develop their military forces during the Civil War? - ANSWER-Each side began the war by using volunteers, but was forced to implement a draft for white males
What did the Emancipation Proclamation proclaim? - ANSWER-freedom for slaves in the remaining states of the Confederacy
What was the importance of the Emancipation Proclamation to the Union? - ANSWER-It established that the war was being fought to eliminate slavery in addition to preserving the Union
Which statement describes the role of women during the Civil War? - ANSWER-Women performed untraditional and nondomestic tasks
What goal was achieved in the South during Reconstruction? - ANSWER-improvement of the education system
Why was President Johnson impeached? - ANSWER-He removed a civil official from office without the consent of Congress
How did the competing goals of moderate and radical reconstructionists conflict during the period just before and after the end of the Civil War? - ANSWER-Moderate reconstructionists wanted to reincorporate southern states without alienating their white citizens, while radicals proposed harsh laws to punish Confederate sympathizers
In the post-Reconstruction South, what U.S. law or decision was circumvented by the establishment of poll taxes and property qualifications for voting? - ANSWER-Fifteenth Amendment
During Reconstruction, what effect did the crop-lien system have on poor Southern farmers? - ANSWER-Unfair lending practices placed farmers in a cycle of debt
Which was a trait of the pre-Columbian societies of the Eastern Woodlands? - ANSWER-They had access to considerable food resources
What was the main objective of the Pilgrims in drafting the Mayflower Compact of 1620? - ANSWER-to establish their own government
In the colonial era, what three commodities were exchanged in the triangular trade? - ANSWER-rum, slaves, and molasses
Which sentence accurately describes the availability of basic tools and equipment for the early American colonists? - ANSWER-Most colonists lacked basic equipment such as firearms and pots and pans because they were too poor to afford them.
What was the major effect of the Stamp Act of 1765? - ANSWER-It unified the colonies in resisting the purchase of British goods
What action by the American colonists resulted in the passage of The Intolerable Acts by the British Parliament? - ANSWER-the Boston Tea Party
Which American document was influenced by John Locke's theory that governments are formed to protect "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness"? - ANSWER-Declaration of Independence
The Articles of Confederation granted sovereign power to which of the following? - ANSWER-state governments
How did the "Great Compromise" of 1787 reconcile the wishes of Northern and Southern states regarding slavery? - ANSWER-Slaves were counted as three-fifths of a person in determining the population for the basis of representation and taxation.
The Whiskey Rebellion revealed that the federal government - ANSWER-could use force to settle disputes
In the early American republic, Republicans criticized the Federalists and their policies for being too - ANSWER-elitist.
How did the Second Great Awakening affect American society? - ANSWER-It helped create a large number of social reform movements
Why was Thomas Jefferson initially reluctant to accept the Louisiana Purchase? - ANSWER-He was concerned about acting within the limits of the Constitution.
What was the United States' primary advantage in the steel industry during the second half of the nineteenth century? - ANSWER-abundant reserves of iron and coal in the Midwest
What troubled Thomas Jefferson about French control of New Orleans? - ANSWER-He understood the importance of New Orleans as a port.
What was a principal reason for the expansion of slavery in the early 1800s? - ANSWER-The invention of the cotton gin increased production
Which statement reflects the role of industry in the pre-Civil War South? - ANSWER-Industry was an insignificant element compared to the profitable agricultural economy
In the first half of the 19th century, the South became more dependent on the cotton industry as a result of what factor? - ANSWER-the boom of the textile industry and the decline of markets for other crops
What was the primary purpose of the Monroe Doctrine? - ANSWER-to announce that the U.S. would not tolerate European interference on the American continents
In the early 1800s, what was the principle of "nullification"? - ANSWER-a state's right to rule that a federal law is not applicable
What action did the U.S. government take toward Indian tribes during the Jackson presidency? - ANSWER-Indian tribes were relocated to territories in the western United States
How did the American public react to the Louisiana Purchase? - ANSWER-Despite some political wrangling, Jefferson's triumphant reelection suggested that the purchase was popular among citizens.
What was the result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? - ANSWER-Mexico ceded California and New Mexico to the United States.
What factor was critical to the passage of the Compromise of 1850? - ANSWER-the death of President Taylor
How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 alter the composition of American political parties? - ANSWER-It led to the formation of the Republican Party
Why were some in the Union hesitant to abolish slavery during the Civil War? - ANSWER-Politicians wanted to appease slave states that remained in the Union
Which governmental action prevented African Americans from achieving equality during Reconstruction? - ANSWER-passage of Jim Crow Laws
What was one of the requirements for former Confederate states to apply for readmission to the Union? - ANSWER-The state had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment
What was the purpose of the Jim Crow laws enacted during Reconstruction? - ANSWER-to obstruct civil rights for African Americans
How did the Southern economy change after Reconstruction? - ANSWER-A more diversified agricultural system emerged.
What did the Industrial Revolution in the United States do? - ANSWER-Created a widening gap between the North and South.
The Puritan founders of Massachusetts Bay Colony? - ANSWER-Were intent on building a model community.
The nation emerged from it's second war with England? - ANSWER-Better prepared to settle it's Western territories.
The doctrine of nullification argued that? - ANSWER-A state could refuse to implement a federal law.
What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? - ANSWER-freed the slaves
In the federal constitution, the following decision was made regarding how slaves would be counted? - ANSWER-They would be counted for both taxation and representation.
The impact of the controversy over the expansion of slavery into the western territories can be seen best in? - ANSWER-The compromise of 1850.
The Articles of Confederation put the importance of states and be that of the central government in all the following ways EXCEPT? - ANSWER-All western lands had to be turned over to the central government.
If Lincoln had lived through his second term, it is most likely that? - ANSWER-North and South would have found more reasonable ways of getting along.
The South, in the decade following the Civil War? - ANSWER-Saw the emergence of commercial, urban "New South."
North America before European colonization? - ANSWER-Was vulnerable to common European diseases.
American policy towards Indian tribes in the 1830's focused on? - ANSWER-Isolating them as far west as possible into undeveloped areas.
Political parties emerged in the 1790's because? - ANSWER-Hamilton's economic policies were deeply divisive.
As tensions mounted between North and South over westward expansion in the late 1840's, the results of the Mexican War? - ANSWER-Increased sectional friction by setting up a debate over the future of slavery in California.
The Stamp Act of 1765 - ANSWER-Required colonists to pay taxes on most printed documents.
In the Great Plains region, most pre-Columbian societies - ANSWER-Fished salmon as their principal occupation.
In colonial New England, - ANSWER-Dowries were a common feature of marriage.
In North America as a result of the Seven Years' War, England - ANSWER-Confirmed its commercial supremacy and increased its political control of the settled regions
In 1776, Abigail Adams was an advocate for - ANSWER-new protections for women against abusive and tyrannical men.
The British military campaigns of 1777 saw - ANSWER-General John Burgoyne suffer a major defeat at Saratoga
As the fighting in the final phase of the American Revolution (1778-1781) carried into communities previously isolated from the war, - ANSWER-support for independence greatly increased.
During the second phase (1776-1778) of the American Revolution, British military efforts were hampered by - ANSWER-A series of tactical blunders and misfortunes
Shortly after signing the Treaty of Paris of 1783, the British government - ANSWER-Restricted American access to British markets
The core American political ideology of the post-war period considered the success of the new republican governments to be dependent on - ANSWER-independent landowners
In 1780, Massachusetts sought to revise the power of the governor by - ANSWER-having him elected directly by the people.
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 - ANSWER-The Northwest Ordinance of 1787
-Created a single territory out of the lands north of Ohio.
-Guaranteed freedom of religion throughout the affected areas.
-Prohibited slavery within the affected areas.
-Abandoned the system created in the 1784 Ordinance.
Nine of the first ten amendments to the Constitution placed limits on the - ANSWER-New government
The first state to ratify the Constitution in 1787 was - ANSWER-Delaware
At the start of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the delegates ruled that - ANSWER-Each state delegation would have a single vote.
The achievement of the "Great Compromise" of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 was its resolution of the problem regarding - ANSWER-Political representation.
Pinckney's Treaty (1795) gave the United States - ANSWER--The right to navigate the Mississippi River to its mouth
-The freedom to use the port at New Orleans
-A desired fixed northern boundary of Florida
-Assurances that Indians in Florida would be prevented from launching northern raids.
The first secretary of the treasury under the new government of 1789 was? - ANSWER-Alexander Hamilton
As Treasury secretary, Alexander Hamilton - ANSWER-Supported the creation of a national bank
The presidential campaign in 1800 - ANSWER-was notable for the sensational personal slandering of both candidates.
Who described the election of 1800 as the "Revolution of 1800"? - ANSWER-Thomas Jefferson [Show Less]