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WGU ACADEMY US HISTORY Exam Bundle (Graded A)
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WGU Academy US History 1 Final Exam Questions and Answers 2023
Which sentence best describes pre-Columbian societies of the Southwest? - ANSWER-They built irrigation systems and constructed towns Who were the first ... [Show More] inhabitants of the American continent? - ANSWER-Migrants who crossed over from Asia Why did the Colonial government in Massachusetts vote to deport Roger Williams? - ANSWER-He preached separation from the Church of England What prompted the influx of African slaves to the Southern Colonies and the Caribbean in 1619? - ANSWER-The need for workers on tobacco plantations Which was not a result of the first interactions between native Americans and Europeans arriving in North and South America? - ANSWER-Native Americans were open to trade and Europeans showed no interest Which sentence most accurately describes religious practices and beliefs among slaves in the South in the early 1700s? - ANSWER-They created a blend of Christianity and African folklore What was the most significant cause of the war in North America between the French and British in the 1750s and 1760s? - ANSWER-disputes over territory How did the French and Indian War alter territorial claims in North America? - ANSWER-French territory east of the Mississippi was conceded to the British What was Samuel Adams' reason for creating the Committees of Correspondence? - ANSWER-He wanted to publicize Americans' grievances against the British and coordinate the colonists' responses What was the result of the Tea Act of 1773 among the colonists? - ANSWER-It unified resistance among the colonists to Britain's economic exploitation of the colonies What action by the American colonists resulted in the passage of the Intolerable Acts by the British Parliament? - ANSWER-The Boston Tea Party What was Thomas Paine's purpose in writing his pamphlet, Common Sense? - ANSWER-To convince the colonists to break away from the English government What was the main goal of the Articles of Confederation? - ANSWER-To focus government authority at the state level What was the principal complaint Anti-Federalists had with the original Constitution? - ANSWER-It lacked a clearly enumerated Bill of Rights After the American Revolution, what problem contributed significantly to the need of a federal Constitution? - ANSWER-An impending conflict with Indians During the formation of the republic, who recommended to President Washington that a national bank should be established? - ANSWER-Alexander Hamilton Which was a direct result of the XYZ Affair"? - ANSWER-The creation of the Department of the Navy In the 1790s, which group believed that America should be rural and agrarian rather than commercial and urban? - ANSWER-Republicans What was the unusual feature of the Second Great Awakening in the early 1800s? - ANSWER-the large number of women involved in the movement What was the affect of the Second Great Awakening? - ANSWER-A crusade against personal immortality What was one of the most important accomplishments of Jefferson's presidency? - ANSWER-Purchasing the Louisiana Territory Which factor contributed to the significant increase in the American population from 1820 to 1840? - ANSWER-Improvements in public health In the early 1800s, what was on of the principles of the slave codes in the South? - ANSWER-slaves could not be taught to read or write What inspired Francis Scott Key to write the Star-Spangled Banner? - ANSWER-He was proud to see Fort McHenry survive a naval bombardment How did the westward expansion of white settlers affect British advantages during the War of 1812? - ANSWER-It caused displaced or threatened Indian tribes to form alliances with the British Which invention had the greatest effect on transportation and trade during the early years of the American Republic? - ANSWER-Steam engine What economic trend transformed the South in the mid-nineteenth century? - ANSWER-The South experienced a dramatic rise in cotton production Before the Civil War, what campaign was intended to keep slavery out of new territories? - ANSWER-Free-soil movement Which significant political shift characterized Andrew Jackson's presidency? - ANSWER-More people involved in the political process What antebellum philosophy in America sparked the creation of new reform institutions? - ANSWER-The belief in the potential of the individual What antebellum philosophy in America focused on reexamining the individual and the individual's relationship to the natural world? - ANSWER-Transcendentalism Which of these was a major effect of westward expansion in the time period leading up to the Civil War? - ANSWER-Controversy over the legality of slavery in new territories Which modern-day state did the United States take control of as a direct result of the Mexican-American War? - ANSWER-California How did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo disappoint President Polk? - ANSWER-The U.S. failed to acquire as much territory as possible What was President Lincoln's position on slavery? - ANSWER-He believed it was wrong, but did not advocate for abolishment of slavery How did the Compromise of 1850 ultimately lead to increased tensions between norther abolitionists and southern supporters of slavery? - ANSWER-It revealed that the differences between North and South were not simply solvable by an act of Congress since both groups continued to oppose aspects of the Compromise What was the major weakness of the Confederacy during the Civil War? - ANSWER-Absence of organized industries How did the Union and the Confederacy develop their military forces during the Civil War? - ANSWER-Each side began the war by using volunteers, but was forced to implement a draft for white males What did the Emancipation Proclamation proclaim? - ANSWER-Freedom for slaves in the remaining states of the Confederacy What was the importance of the Emancipation Proclamation to the Union? - ANSWER-It established that the war was being fought to eliminate slavery in addition to preserving the Union Which statement best describes the role of women during the Civil War? - ANSWER-Women performed untraditional and nondomestic tasks What goal was achieved in the South during Reconstruction? - ANSWER-Improvement of the education system Why was President Johnson impeached? - ANSWER-He removed a civil official without the consent of Congress How did the competing goals of moderate and radical reconstructionists conflict during the period just before and after the end of the Civil War? - ANSWER-Moderate reconstructionists wanted to reincorporate southern states without alienating their white citizens, while radicals proposed harsh laws to punish Confederate sympathizers In the post-Reconstruction South, what U.S. law or decision was circumvented by the establishment of poll taxes and property qualifications for voting? - ANSWER-Fifteenth Amendment During Reconstruction, what effect did the crop-lien system have on poor Southern farmers? - ANSWER-Unfair lending practices placed farmers in a cycle of debt Which was the trait of pre-Columbian societies of the Eastern Woodlands? - ANSWER-They had access to considerable food resources What was the main objective of the Pilgrims in drafting the Mayflower Compact of 1620? - ANSWER-To establish their own government In the colonial era, what three commodities were exchanged in the triangular trade? - ANSWER-Rum, slaves and molasses Which sentence accurately describes the availability of basic tools and equipment for the early American colonists? - ANSWER-Most colonists lacked basic equipment such as firearms and pots and pans because they were too poor to afford them What was the major effect of the Stamp Act of 1765? - ANSWER-It unified the colonists in resisting the purchase of British goods Which American document was influenced by John Locke's theory that governments are formed to protect "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness"? - ANSWER-Declaration of Independence The Articles of Confederation granted sovereign power to which of the following? - ANSWER-State governments How did the "Great Compromise" of 1787 reconcile the wishes of Northern and Southern states regarding slavery? - ANSWER-Slaves were counted as three-fifths of a person in determining the population for the basis of representation and taxation The Whiskey Rebellion revealed that the federal government - ANSWER-could used force to settle disputes In the early American republic, Republicans criticized the Federalists and their policies for being too - ANSWER-elitist How did the Second Great Awakening affect American society? - ANSWER-It helped create a large number of social reform movements Why was Thomas Jefferson initially reluctant to accept the Louisiana Purchase? - ANSWER-He was concerned about acting within the limits of the Constitution What was the United States' primary advantage in the steel industry during the second half of the nineteenth century? - ANSWER-Abundant reserves of iron and coal in the Midwest What troubled Thomas Jefferson about French control of New Orleans? - ANSWER-He understood the importance of New Orleans as a port What was a principal reason for the expansion of slavery in the early 1800s? - ANSWER-The invention of the cotton gin increased production Which statement reflects the role of industry in the pre-Civil War South? - ANSWER-Industry was an insignificant element compared to profitable agricultural economy In the first half of the nineteenth century, the South became more dependent on the cotton industry as a result of what factor? - ANSWER-The boom of the textile industry and the decline of markets for other crops What was the primary purpose of the Monroe Doctrine? - ANSWER-To announce that the U.S. would not tolerate European interference on the American continents In the early 1800s, what was the principle of "nullification"? - ANSWER-A state's right to rule that a federal law is not applicable What action did the U.S. government take toward Indian tribes during the Jackson presidency? - ANSWER-Indian tribes were relocated to territories in the western United States How did the American public react to the Louisiana Purchase? - ANSWER-Despite some political wrangling, Jefferson's triumphant reelection suggested that the purchase was popular among citizens What was the result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? - ANSWER-Mexico ceded California and New Mexico to the United States What factor was critical to the passage of the Compromise of 1850? - ANSWER-The death of President Taylor How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 alter the composition of American political parties? - ANSWER-It led to the formation of the Republican Party Why were some in the Union hesitant to abolish slavery during the Civil War? - ANSWER-Politicians Which governmental action prevented African Americans from achieving equality during Reconstruction? - ANSWER-Passage of Jim Crow Laws What was one of the requirements for former Confederate states to apply for readmission to the Union? - ANSWER-The state had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment What was the purpose of the Jim Crow Laws enacted during Reconstruction? - ANSWER-To obstruct civil rights for African Americans How did the Southern economy change after Reconstruction? - ANSWER-A more diversified agricultural system emerged In the early American colonies, which group was made up of the most radical Puritans? - ANSWER-Separatists How did the Enlightenment affect intellectualism in colonial America? - ANSWER-It stimulated the study of science and reason In the French and Indian War, which advantage allowed the British to defeat the French at Quebec? - ANSWER-Larger colonial populations What was the result of the Great Compromise of 1787 during the Constitutional Convention? - ANSWER-The creation of a representative two-house legislative What was an unintended consequence of the invention of the cotton gin in the early 1800s? - ANSWER-Slavery expanded in the South due to the increased amount of cotton that could be produced What result of the War of 1812 helped change the composition of the United States? - ANSWER-New opportunities for westward expansion led to growth in territory and population What quality defined the group of American painters of the 19th century known as the Hudson River School? - ANSWER-They were greatly inspired by the American landscape What was the main goal of the Nativist movement in the 1800s? - ANSWER-to enact stricter naturalization laws What was the main goal of the Abolitionist movement in the 1800s? - ANSWER-The 13th Amendment of the Constitution How did the Civil War transform opportunities for commonly discriminated-against groups? - ANSWER-Women became increasingly accepted in the role of medical [Show Less]
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WGU Academy US History 1 Final Exam Questions with Verified Answers
1739 slave rebellion near Stono, South Carolina. - ANSWER-Stono Rebellion A destructive war between English settlers and Native Americans in New England... [Show More] from 1675 to 1676. - ANSWER-King Philip's War A group of colonial resisters who coalesced around the time of the Stamp Act and led resistance to it. - ANSWER-Son of Liberty A major city on the Mississippi (near present-day St. Louis) that was a major political, economic, and religious center. It held a population of about 40,000 people in 1200 A.D. - ANSWER-Cahokia A major revolt against Spanish settlers in 1680 that was led by Popé. - ANSWER-Pueblo Revolt A massive epidemic, such as smallpox, that devastates civilizations that previously had no immunity to it. - ANSWER-Virgin Soils Epidemics A mysterious colony established by Sir Walter Raleigh and briefly commanded by John White, which mysteriously disappeared in the 1580s. - ANSWER-Roanoke A rebellion against the Virginia government by Nathaniel Bacon and his farmer followers in 1676. - ANSWER-Bacon's Rebellion A series of taxes on enumerated goods, such as lead, glass, and tea. - ANSWER-Townshend duties A system of contract labor, which is usually practiced by young and single men, where masters would pay for transportation to the New World, food, and land after the contracted period (4-7 years) was complete. - ANSWER-Indentured Servitude A term to describe the trade between the American colonies, Africa, and the Caribbean. It does not necessarily reflect the reality of complex Atlantic world exchanges. - ANSWER-Triangular trade A type of corporation that consists of individual investors who pool their money to reduce the risk. - ANSWER-Joint stock companies A woman in Massachusetts Bay Colony who was banished for holding meetings in her home and other controversial doctrines. - ANSWER-Anne Hutchinson According to Charles Woodmason, life in the Carolina backcountry was refined and civilized. - ANSWER-False According to mercantilist theory, colonies were valued for their raw materials, not their finished goods. - ANSWER-True According to the nineteenth-century "science" of phrenology, what could be discerned from the shape of an individual's skull? - ANSWER-Character and intelligence Alexander Hamilton recommended that the federal government raise revenue through - ANSWER-an excise tax and an import tax Alexander Hamilton's funding plan - ANSWER-was eventually passed by Congress essentially as Hamilton had desired. It was supported by James Madison All the following factors inhibited the growth of labor unions EXCEPT - ANSWER-the question of whether to include women members. American plantations where Indians were forcibly employed; the plantations were given as gifts to favored nobles - ANSWER- An Ottawa Chief who led a rebellion against British forces in 1763. - ANSWER-Pontiac Andrew Jackson's presidential victory in 1828 was - ANSWER-decisive but sectional Anglican missionary who traveled the Carolina backcountry in the 1760s and kept a detailed journal of his travels. - ANSWER-Charles Woodsman Antifederalists - ANSWER-They believed that the Constitution would increase taxes, weaken the states, wield dictatorial powers, favor the "well-born" over the common people, and abolish individual liberty. But their biggest complaint was that the Constitution lacked a bill of rights. Only by enumerating the natural rights of the people, they argued, could there be any certainty that those rights would be protected. As a result of the U.S. government's Indian policy in the 1830s and 1840s - ANSWER-nearly all American Indian societies were removed to west of the Mississipi As leaders of a tax rebellion the 1780s, Daniel Shays and his supporters demanded - ANSWER-moratorium on debt collection As President, Andrew Jackson believed the power of the federal government - ANSWER-should be reduced, and yet was supreme over individual state As President, George Washington - ANSWER-avoided personal involvement with the deliberations of Congress As President, Thomas Jefferson - ANSWER-sought to convey the public image of a plain, ordinary citizen As the factory system progressed into the 1840s, - ANSWER-The owners increasingly used immigrants as their labor force. As treasury secretary, Alexander Hamilton - ANSWER-supported the creation of a national bank. At the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, in 1814, Andrew Jackson - ANSWER-viciously broke the resistance of the Creek At the Philadelphia convention, James Madison argued that the ultimate authority of the federal government came from the - ANSWER-Congress At the start of the Revolution, American advantages over the British included a - ANSWER-greater commitment to war Aztec capital city holding more than 100,000 people. - ANSWER-Tenochtitlán Backyard pit toilets where waste, both household and human, could be dumped. - ANSWER-Privies Because the French had superior technology, they could do whatever they wanted to the Indians, especially in the Great Lakes region. - ANSWER-False Before 1860, the American middle-class - ANSWER-became the most influential cultural form of urban America Between 1820 and 1840, the population of the United states - ANSWER-grew rapidly, in part due to improved public health Black Hawk War - ANSWER-resulted in the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes to the West. By 1828, in all but one state, presidential electors were chosen by - ANSWER-popular vote By 1860, the textile manufacturing sector of the American South - ANSWER-had increased threefold in value over the previous twenty years By the 1830s, political parties were generally regarded as - ANSWER-a desired and essential part of the democratic process Civic institutions such as customs houses, libraries, and public buildings were beginning to be built in this architectural style in the eighteenth century? - ANSWER-Neoclassical Colonial cities were often dirty, unsanitary places. - ANSWER-True Declaration of Independence - ANSWER-the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain Delegates to the Constitutional Convention of 1787 recommended the document be ratified by - ANSWER-special state ratifying conventions During his first term, President Thomas Jefferson - ANSWER-eliminated all internal taxes During the 1790s, regional support of the United States for Federalists was greatest in the - ANSWER-Northeast During the American Revolution, enslaved African Americans in the colonies - ANSWER-were assisted by the British to escape, as a way to disrupt the American war effort. South Carolina lost nearly 1/3 of all slaves. During the American Revolution, Loyalists - ANSWER-constituted perhaps as many as one-third of the white colonial population During the American Revolution, the Iroquois Confederacy officially - ANSWER-declared its neutrality During the first half of the nineteenth century, the "cotton kingdom" - ANSWER-was the dominant source of the income of the lower South During the Second Great Awakening, the Indian revivalist Handsome Lake called for - ANSWER-the restoration of traditional Indian culture During the second phase (1776-1778) of the American Revolution, British military efforts were hampered by - ANSWER-a series of tactical blunders and misfortunes During the War of 1812, the Battle of Thames - ANSWER-saw Tecumseh killed while serving as a brigadier general in the British army During the War of 1812, the Hartford Convention - ANSWER-proved to be futile and irrelevant During the War of 1812, the United States achieved early military success - ANSWER-on the Great Lakes Early American Victorian homes were characterized by - ANSWER-dark colors, and rooms crowded with heavy furniture Famous Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire around 1520. - ANSWER-Hernan Cortes Federalists controlled the new government under the Constitution for its first - ANSWER-twelve years Following the British bombardment of Fort McHenry, Francis Scott Key wrote - ANSWER-"The Star-Spangled Banner" Founded in 1731 by Ben Franklin, it was the first subscription library in the American colonies. - ANSWER-Library Company of Philadelphia French Jesuits were Catholic missionaries who attempted to spread Christianity to Canada's Indians. - ANSWER-True French Protestants who fled their country in 1685 because of a new policy that rejected religious toleration. - ANSWER-Huguenots General George Washington displayed his military brilliance as soon as the Seven Years' War began. - ANSWER-False George Fitzhugh believed that - ANSWER-slavery should be extended to norther wageworkers as well as Southern plantation workers He became War Minister in 1756 and helped Britain turn the tide in the Seven Years' War. - ANSWER-William Pitt He was banished from Massachusetts Bay because of his criticisms of it. He also founded Rhode Island and instituted a policy of religious toleration there. - ANSWER-Roger Williams How did King George III respond to the Olive Branch Petition? - ANSWER-He rejected it How many people died in the Boston Massacre? - ANSWER-5 people Huguenots were Irish Catholics who came to America fleeing religious persecution. - ANSWER-False In 1780, Massachusetts sought to revise the power of the governor by - ANSWER-having him elected directly by the people In 1802, what spurred President Jefferson to seek the building of a river fleet and to give the impression that the United States might ally with Great Britain? - ANSWER-A new French regulation restricting the use of the port of New Orleans by American ships. In 1812, Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun could be best described as - ANSWER-war hawks In 1814, the British - ANSWER-seized Washington and set fire to the White House. In 1819, the Adams-Onis Treaty dealt with the American purchase of - ANSWER-Florida In 1830, what political figure said, "Our Federal Union-It must be preserved"? - ANSWER-Andrew Jackson In 1830s, President Andrew Jackson vetoed a federal subsidy to the proposed Maysville Road, because - ANSWER-the road was not a part of any system of interstate commerce. In 1836, Congress passed a "distribution" act that required the federal government to - ANSWER-disperse its surplus funds to the states In 1836, President Andrew Jackson's "specie circular" - ANSWER-resulted in a severe financial panic. In 1840, efforts to expand voting rights in Rhode Island resulted in - ANSWER-two governments claiming control of the state In 1860, the percentage of the population in free states living in towns (places of 2,500 people or more) or cities was - ANSWER-26 percent In 1860, the percentage of the population in the South living in towns (places of 2,500 or more) or cities was - ANSWER-10 percent In Cohens v. Virginia (1812), Chief Justice John Marshall affirmed the constitutionality of - ANSWER-Supreme Court review of state court decisions In early 1778, France - ANSWER-recognized the United States as a sovereign nation to help prevent it from abandoning the war effort. In [Show Less]
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US History WGU Academy Final Exam Questions and Answers (Graded A)
In 1836, Texas did not immediately join the US in part because... - ANSWER-President Andrew Jackson thought it would add to sectional tensions. Which of... [Show More] the following towns served as a major departure point for migrants traveling West on the overland trails? - ANSWER-Independence, Missouri In the 1820's and 1830's, the government of Mexico... - ANSWER-moved from favoring to opposing American immigration into Texas. As a result of the Gold Rush, by 1850... - ANSWER-California's population had become even more diverse. In 1836, an attack by Mexican forces on the Alamo mission... - ANSWER-saw the death of Davy Crockett The key to victory for the United States in the Mexican War was... - ANSWER-Winfield Scott's seizure of Mexico City. During the Mexican War, - ANSWER-American Settlers in California staged a revolt with the help of the US navy. Under the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the United States - ANSWER-Agreed to pay millions to Mexico. As President James K. Polk - ANSWER-None of these answers are correct. In 1853, The Gadsden Purchase - ANSWER-Advanced the cause of a southern route for the transcontinental railroad. In the election of 1860, - ANSWER-Abraham Lincoln was elected with less than half the vote of the popular vote. The admission of California into the US was a decisive national issue because - ANSWER-California's entry would upset the nation's numerical balance of free and slave states. In the election of 1852 - ANSWER-The free-soil party gained strength In the 1850's, the "Young America" movement, - ANSWER-Supported the expansion of American Democracy throughout the world. The Free-Soil Ideology Included: - ANSWER-Opposition to the expansion of Slavery James Buchanan - ANSWER-Pressured Congress to admit Kansas under the Lecompton Constitution. The 1857 Lecompton (Kansas) Constitution was - ANSWER-Twice rejected by a majority of Kansas Voters In 1861, the First Battle of Manassas or Bull Run was - ANSWER-a Victory for the Confederates The Most important Union Military Commander was - ANSWER-Abraham Lincoln At the Start of the Civil War, the - ANSWER-North had more advanced industrial and transportation systems The Confiscation Act of 1861 - ANSWER-Declared that slaves used by the Confederate States in the war effort were free. In the Course of the Civil War, - ANSWER-Popular Support for the Union was strong in England. In 1865, Southern Whites defined "Freedom" as - ANSWER-Controlling their future without Northern Interference In 1865 Southern Blacks defined " Freedom" as - ANSWER-All these answers are correct After the Civil War, most poor rural Southerners relied on credit from - ANSWER-Country Stores The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln - ANSWER-Involved a larger conspiracy to kill other members of the administration The Panic of 1873 - ANSWER-was the nation's worst economic depression to the time. During the Johnson Administration, the United States acquired - ANSWER-Alaska The Alabama Claims - ANSWER-Involved complaints by the United States against England During Reconstruction the Southern School System - ANSWER-Reached 40 percent of all black children by 1876 The Fourteenth Amendment - ANSWER-Gave Citizenship rights to all people born in the United States. The Wade-Davis Bill - ANSWER-sought to bring about the disenfranchisement of leading Confederates. In 1868, President Andrew Johnson was impeached because he - ANSWER-All of these Answers are correct Which of the following statements about the end of Reconstruction is accurate? - ANSWER-Many White Southern Leaders sympathized with Republican economic policies in the South but could not publicly Support them. In 1868, Ulysses S. Grant - ANSWER-Entered the White House with no political Experience In the 1890's, the black Journalist Ida B. Wells devoted her writing to attacking - ANSWER-The Crime of Lynching Advocates for the "New South" - ANSWER-Promoted Southern industry and railroad development After Reconstruction, political power under southern "Redeemers" - ANSWER-Was very often restricted and conservative During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, southern agriculture - ANSWER-Saw the great majority of farmers live under the tenant system Jim Crow Laws - ANSWER-Imposed a system of s [Show Less]
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WGU Academy US History 1 Quiz 1 with complete solutions
Native American religions were closely linked to - ANSWER-the natural world Which statement best describes the role of women in pre-Columbian North Amer... [Show More] ican tribes? - ANSWER-In all tribes, women cared for the children and prepared meals The origins of the majority of human existence in North America began - ANSWER-with migrations across an ancient land bridge over the Bering Strait Cahokia was a large trading center located near what present-day city? - ANSWER-St. Louis The pre-Columbian North American peoples in Southwest - ANSWER-build large irrigation systems for farming Christopher Columbus called the native people he encountered on his voyages "Indians" because - ANSWER-he believed they came from the East Indies in the Pacific Like New York, the New Jersey colony - ANSWER-Had great ethnic and religious diversity. Warfare between Englishmen and Powhatan Indians in Virginia - ANSWER-included an Indian attack on Jamestown that killed hundreds of colonists What became the dominant crop of the Caribbean colonies? - ANSWER-Sugar In the seventeenth century, the great majority of English immigrants who came to the Chesapeake region were - ANSWER-indentured servants In the English colonies, Roman Catholics - ANSWER-suffered their greatest persecution in Maryland The witchcraft trials in Salem - ANSWER-saw the original accusers recant their charges Commerce in early colonial America relied in large part on - ANSWER-barter The Great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s - ANSWER-had particular appeal with women and young men In the outbreaks of witchcraft hysteria that marked New England colonial life, those accused were most commonly - ANSWER-women of low social position The proportion of all blacks in the colonies living on a plantation of at least ten slaves was over - ANSWER-three-fourths The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 - ANSWER-transferred territory from the French to the English in North America In North America during the eighteenth century, the most powerful native group was the - ANSWER-Iroquois The Stamp Act of 1765 - ANSWER-required colonists to pay taxes on most printed documents When George III assumed the throne of England, he - ANSWER-was painfully immature The Declaratory Act of 1766 - ANSWER-was a sweeping assertion of Parliament's authority over the colonies The Paxton Boys and the Regulators both - ANSWER-demanded tax relief Prior to European contact, the eastern third of what is today the United States - ANSWER-had the most abundant food resources of any region of the continent Scholars estimate that human migration into the Americas over the Bering Strait occurred approximately - ANSWER-11,000 years ago The first truly complex society in the Americas was that of the - ANSWER-Olmecs Many pre-Columbian tribes east of the Mississippi River were loosely linked by - ANSWER-common linguistic roots Amerigo Vespucci - ANSWER-helped spread recognition of the idea that the Americans were new continents In the 1640s, during the English Civil War, the Cavaliers were - ANSWER-supporters of King Charles William Penn - ANSWER-was a man of great wealth who converted to Quakerism During the early years, the survival and growth of the Plymouth colony - ANSWER-was due in large part to the assistance of the natives King Charles 1's treatment of Puritans could be characterized as - ANSWER-extremely hostile In comparing the colonial societies of Spanish America and English America, people of mixed races had a - ANSWER-higher status than pure Africans in Spanish America During the seventeenth century, English colonists in the Chesapeake saw - ANSWER-a life expectancy for men of just over forty years Rice production in colonial America - ANSWER-was very difficult and unhealthy work The total number of Africans forcibly brought to all of the Americas as slaves is estimated to have been as many as - ANSWER-11 million In the English colonies, Jews - ANSWER-could not vote or hold office George Whitefield is associated with the - ANSWER-Great Awakening By the 1770s, the two largest port cities in colonial North America were - ANSWER-Philadelphia and New York In colonial New England, - ANSWER-dowries were a common feature of marriage. In English North American colonies, the application of slave codes was based on color and - ANSWER-nothing more Class divisions in colonial North American cities were - ANSWER-more real and visible than in rural places In Puritan New England, full membership in town governance was limited to - ANSWER-adult males who were church members By 1775, the non-Indian population of the English colonies was just over - ANSWER-2 million For most Indians in North America, British victory in the French and Indian War - ANSWER-had disastrous effects on their future The French and Indian War was fought in - ANSWER-India, the West Indies, the North American interior, and Europe King George's War - ANSWER-failed to resolve European conflicts in North America Through the first half of the eighteenth century, the Iroquois Confederacy formed agreements and traded with - ANSWER-both France and England at the same time What future American revolutionary figure surrendered to French forces in 1754 at Fort Necessity in the Ohio Valley? - ANSWER-George Washington During the first stage (1754-1756) of the French and Indian War - ANSWER-the Iroquois remained largely passive Parliament responded to the Boston Tea Party by - ANSWER-reducing the powers of self-government in Massachusetts Many colonists believed the legislation passed by the Grenville ministry in 1764-1765 - ANSWER-meant the British were trying to take away their tradition of self government Under the English constitution during the eighteenth century, - ANSWER-large areas of England had no direct political representation English and American supporters of the English constitution felt it correctly divided power - ANSWER-among the monarchy, the aristocracy, and the common people The Boston Massacre - ANSWER-was transformed by some colonists into a symbol of British oppression At the beginning of the seventeenth century, the already festering English Puritan discontent was increased by - ANSWER-the death of Queen Elizabeth Which of the following statements about slave work is FALSE? - ANSWER-colonial slave codes forbade teaching slaves skilled trades and crafts As leading figure of the Great Awakening, Jonathan Edwards preached - ANSWER-highly orthodox Puritan ideas Eighteenth century Enlightenment thought - ANSWER-suggested that people had considerable control over their own lives The Tea Act of 1773 - ANSWER-followed a few years of relative calm between England and the American colonies, lowered the price of tea for American colonists, was intended to benefit a private British company, and provided no new tax on tea The pre-Columbian North American peoples in the Pacific Northwest - ANSWER-fished salmon as their principle occupation From their colonial experiences in Ireland, the English concluded that - ANSWER-English colonists should maintain rigid separation from indigenous population When the House of Burgesses was created in Virginia in 1619, - ANSWER-colonists were given a share of local political representation The seventeenth century medical practice of deliberately bleeding a person was based on - ANSWER-the belief that a person needed to maintain a balance of different bodily fluids In the seventeenth century, white women in the colonial Chesapeake - ANSWER-averaged one pregnancy for every two years of marriage Compared to women in colonial Chesapeake, New England women - ANSWER-were more likely to have their family remain intact Jeremiads were - ANSWER-sermons In colonial New England Puritan communities, the family - ANSWER-highly valued By 1776, what proportion of white males were literate in colonial America? - ANSWER-More than half All the following Americans made important contributions to Enlightenment though EXCEPT - ANSWER-John Locke In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, medical practitioners - ANSWER-had little or no knowledge of sterilization The Stono Rebellion - ANSWER-saw slaves in South Carolina attempt to escape from the colony In North America during the eighteenth century, French relations with the Indians differed from that of the - ANSWER-were more tolerant of Indian cultures According to the terms of the Peace of Paris of 1763, - ANSWER-France ceded Canada of all of its claims to land east of the Mississippi River, except for New Orleans, to Great Britain During the third and final stage of the French and Indian War, British leader William Pitt - ANSWER-gradually loosened his tight control over the colonies The major participants in the Seven Years' War, in North America, were the - ANSWER-Iroquois, the English, and the French Colonial protests directed against the Townshend Duties took the form of - ANSWER-a colonial nonimportation agreement Who among the following lead protests and riots against the Stamp Act? - ANSWER-Andrew Oliver To reduce conflicts, Spanish policy towards the Pueblo Indians in the eighteenth century involved all the following EXCEPT - ANSWER-an expansion of the encomienda system What factor is believed to have dramatically reduced New World native populations after contact with Europeans? - ANSWER-disease The New York colony - ANSWER-Emerged after a struggle between the English and the Dutch. Thomas Hooker is associated with establishing the colony of - ANSWER-Connecticut The Massachusetts Bay Puritans - ANSWER-created a colonial "theocracy." The "middle grounds" refers to a region of colonial North American in which - ANSWER-no single European or Indian group held clear dominance By 1700, English colonial landowners began to rely more heavily on African slavery in part because - ANSWER-of a declining birthrate in England The "triangular trade" in the Atlantic dealt with which commodity? - ANSWER-Rum, sugar, slaves, molasses (all these answers are correct) The largest contingent of immigrants during the colonial period were the - ANSWER-Scotch-Irish The first plantations in colonial North America emerged in the tobacco-growing areas of - ANSWER-Virginia and Maryland Regarding colonial life expectancy during the seventeenth century, - ANSWER-life expectancy in New England was exceptionally high The first significant metals industry in the colonies was developed for - ANSWER-iron The first North American college was - ANSWER-Harvard Which statement regarding slavery in English North America in 1700 is FALSE? - ANSWER-The demand for slaves led to a steady rise in the prices paid for them In colonial New England Puritan communities, women - ANSWER-were expected to devote themselves to serving the needs of their husbands and households. Over time, tensions in Puritan New England communities developed, primarily ass a result of - ANSWER-population growth and the commercialization of society By the mid-eighteenth century, a distinct colonial merchant class came into existence, in part because of - ANSWER-illegal colonial trade in markets outside of the British Empire The verdict of the 1734-1735 libel trial of New York publisher John Pete Zenger - ANSWER-increased freedom of the press in the colonies After the Bible, the first widely circulated publications in colonial America were - ANSWER-almanacs Which statement regarding colonial higher education is true? - ANSWER-Most colleges were founded by religious groups Which statement about the economy of the norther colonies is true? - ANSWER-The economy was more diverse than in the southern colonies. In the eighteenth century, religious toleration in the American colonies - ANSWER-flourished due to the diversity of practices brought by settlers, was unmatched in any European nation, was enhanced because no single religious code could be imposed on any large area, grew despite laws establishing the Church of England as the official colonial religion (all these answers are correct) The first clash of the French and Indian War took place near what is now - ANSWER-Pittsburgh In the aftermath of King George's War - ANSWER-relations among the English, French, and Iroquois deteriorated In North America as a result of the Seven Years' War, England - ANSWER-confirmed its commercial supremacy and increased its political control of the settled regions The Proclamation of 1763 - ANSWER-was supported by many Indian tribal groups The French and Indian War in North America - ANSWER-demonstrated that increasing England's control over the colonies would not be easy The Boston Tea Party of December 1773 - ANSWER-triggered acts of resistance in other colonial cities and took place after Bostonians failed to turn away ships laden with tea When he became British prime minister, George Grenville - ANSWER-believed the American colonists had been indulged for far too long The proposed Albany Plan of 1754 - ANSWER-revealed the difficulties colonies had in cooperating with each other The Stamp Act of 1765 - ANSWER-helped to unite the colonies in opposition to the English government Which of the following statements regarding the Coercive Acts is true? - ANSWER-Massachusetts became a martyr in the cause of resistance In 1774, the First Continental Congress - ANSWER-agreed to end colonial boycotts of British trade [Show Less]
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WGU Academy US History 1 Quiz 4 with 100% correct Answers
The presidential election of 1844 - ANSWER-was won by a Democrat. In the 1820s and 1830s, the government of Mexico - ANSWER-moved from favoring to oppos... [Show More] ing American immigration into Texas. Between 1840 and 1860, most migrants traveling west on the overland trails - ANSWER-found the journey to be a very collective experience In 1836, Texas did not immediately join the United States, in part because - ANSWER-President Andrew Jackson thought it would add to sectional tensions President James K. Polk - ANSWER-helped his candidacy for office by expressing a desire to re-annex Texas The key to victory for the United States in the Mexican War was - ANSWER-Winfield Scott's seizure of Mexico City During the Mexican War, - ANSWER-American settlers in California staged a revolt with the help of the United States navy Under the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the United States - ANSWER-agreed to pay millions to Mexico The Wilmot Proviso - ANSWER-prohibited slavery in any land acquired from Mexico In 1844, President James K. Polk supported the acquisition of - ANSWER-Oregon and Texas In the 1850s, in an effort to undercut the Fugitive Slave Act, some norther states - ANSWER-passed laws preventing deportation of fugitive slaves In the 1840s, regional critics of President James K. Polk claimed his policies favored the - ANSWER-South In the 1860 elections, the political party most deeply divided over slavery was the - ANSWER-Democratic Party In the election of 1852, - ANSWER-the Free-Soil Party gained strength In the 1850s, the "Young America" movement - ANSWER-supported the expansion of American democracy throughout the world In the 1858 Abraham Lincoln-Stephen Douglas debates, - ANSWER-Lincoln argued slavery was a threat to the growth of white free labor In The Pro-Slavery Argument (1837), John C. Calhoun stated that slavery was - ANSWER-a "positive good" In 1861, the so-called Trent affair - ANSWER-created an international diplomatic crisis for Abraham Lincoln During the Civil War, "greenbacks" issued by the federal government - ANSWER-fluctuated in value depending on the fortunes of the Northern armies In the Battle of Gettysburg, in order to reach dug-in Union forces, General George Pickett's division had to cross - ANSWER-open country Which of the following is true of Jefferson Davis's leadership? - ANSWER-Davis spent more time paying strict adherence to legal and constitutional requirements than on providing genuine national leadership The most important Union military commander was - ANSWER-Abraham Lincoln At the end of the Civil War, the number of slaves that emerged from bondage was - ANSWER-about 3.5 million In 1865, Southern blacks defined "freedom" as - ANSWER-independence from white control During the Johnson administration, the United States acquired - ANSWER-Alaska In the South, the crop-lien system along with the burdensome credit system - ANSWER-encouraged the planting of cash crops The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln, - ANSWER-involved a larger conspiracy to kill other members of the administration After the Civil War, most poor rural Southerners relied on credit from - ANSWER-country stores The Panic of 1873 - ANSWER-was the nation's worst economic depression to that time. During Reconstruction, regarding land ownership in the South - ANSWER-ownership by whites declined, while ownership by blacks increased President Abraham Lincoln's "10 percent" plan for the South referred to the - ANSWER-number of white voters required to take loyalty oaths before setting up a state government During Reconstruction, the term "scalawags" referred to - ANSWER-Southern white Republicans The Tenure of Office Act - ANSWER-was designed to limit President Andrew Johnson's authority Which of the following statements about the end of Reconstruction is accurate? - ANSWER-Many white Southern leaders sympathized with Republican economic policies in the South but could not publicly support them The Wade-Davis Bill - ANSWER-sought to bring about the disenfranchisement of leading Confederates Jim Crow laws - ANSWER-imposed a system of state-supported segregation After Reconstruction, political power under southern "Redeemers" - ANSWER-was very often restricted and conservative In his 1895 "Atlanta Compromise" speech, Booker T. Washington - ANSWER-called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation Advocates of the "New South" - ANSWER-promoted southern industry and railroad development Among other positions, Booker T. Washington - ANSWER-favored industrial over classical education Missouri Compromise of 1820 - ANSWER-Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory (1820) Who did James K. Polk defeat in the 1844 election? - ANSWER-Henry Clay Who coined the term Manifest Destiny in 1845? - ANSWER-John O'Sullivan What state was an independent republic from 1836 to 1845? - ANSWER-Texas What treaty ended the Mexican-American War and granted the U.S. Texas, California, and New Mexico territories. U.S. paid Mexico $15 million for reparations? - ANSWER-Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Who suggested that slavery could not extend into new territories acquired from Mexico? - ANSWER-Wilmot Proviso Though gold was first found in California in 1848, the stream of settlers who came later became known as - ANSWER-49ers Northerners and southerners had absolutely nothing in common by the 1850s. - ANSWER-False Free labor is the same thing as slavery. - ANSWER-False The Compromise of 1850 declared that California would be admitted as a free state. - ANSWER-True The Compromise of 1850 also said the institution of slavery would be abolished in Washington, D.C. - ANSWER-False Northerners were infuriated by the tougher Fugitive Slave Act. - ANSWER-True The Republican Party agreed that prohibiting the extension of slavery would be their main, unifying platform. - ANSWER-True President of the U.S. from 1844 to 1848 who pushed an explicitly expansionist policy. - ANSWER-James K. Polk The idea that Americans are destined to spread across the continent. - ANSWER-Manifest Destiny Conflict between U.S. and Mexico from 1846 to 1848 from which the United States acquired millions of acres of land. - ANSWER-Mexican-American War The form of labor where the laborer is a free person who gets paid wages for their work. - ANSWER-Free labor The concept that individual states can decide whether they will permit slavery or not. - ANSWER-Popular sovereignty An Act that provided strict measures for the capture and return of runaway slaves. - ANSWER-Fugitive Slave Act The nickname for Kansas in the mid-1850s because pro-slavery and pro-free labor forces were in violent conflicts. - ANSWER-Bleeding Kansas President during the Civil War - ANSWER-Abraham Lincoln First state to secede from the Union - ANSWER-South Carolina Charleston fort that Confederates bombarded in April of 1861 - ANSWER-Fort Sumter Had more material advantages during the Civil War - ANSWER-The Union Was fighting on their own turf during the Civil War - ANSWER-The Confederacy The military strategy to strangle Confederate forces - ANSWER-Anaconda Plan Used the Civil War as an opportunity to expand the federal government - ANSWER-Republicans Demonstrated violent resistance to Lincoln's draft law - ANSWER-New York Draft Riots was a very unpopular and controversial part of the Confederacy's draft policy - ANSWER-"twenty negro rule" was the leaderof the US Sanitary Comission - ANSWER-Dorothea Dix Only freed the slaves in seceded Confederate territories, not the Border states(didn't want to upset them), The North appeared to be taking a stand against slavery, making Britain side with them. - ANSWER-Emancipation Proclamation The Massachusetts 54th Regiment was led by - ANSWER-Colonel Robert Gould Shaw The Civil War resulted in how many total Americans dead? - ANSWER-620,000 The costly Union victory to take place in September of 1862 in Maryland was the battle at - ANSWER-Antietam These two battles saw Confederate forces surrender on the same day. - ANSWER-Vicksburg and Gettysburg The famous March to the Sea was led by - ANSWER-William Tecumseh Sherman General Robert E. Lee surrendered - ANSWER-April, 1865 Assassinated Abraham Lincoln - ANSWER-John Wilkes Booth The elected president of the Confederacy - ANSWER-Jefferson Davis The Virginian Confederate General who was respected by both Union and Confederate soldiers - ANSWER-Robert E. Lee The hard-drinking, brash, and destructive Union General who eventually accepted Lee's surrender - ANSWER-Ulysses S. Grant About how much money did the Civil War? - ANSWER-$10 Billion Who was Abraham Lincoln's presidential successor? - ANSWER-Andrew Johnson The group of Republicans who wanted to implement the most radical Reconstruction plan was known as - ANSWER-Radical Republicans This amendment officially ended slavery and involuntary servitude - ANSWER-13th This amendment gave free black men equal protection under the law - ANSWER-14th Andrew Johnson was impeached because he violated what Act? - ANSWER-Tenure of Office Act There were 2.4 million slaves freed after the Civil War - ANSWER-False Sharecropping meant that free blacks owned their own land - ANSWER-False Most African Americans embraced education and Christianity during Reconstruction - ANSWER-True African American held important political positions immediately after the Civil War - ANSWER-True Black codes were secret code words used for dangerous freed blacks - ANSWER-False The federal government did nothing to stop the Ku Klux Klan - ANSWER-False The brief period in 1865 when Andrew Johnson alone determined Reconstruction policy. - ANSWER-Presidential Reconstruction Congressmen who urged punishment and radical reconstruction of the South. - ANSWER-Radical Republicans Gave all U.S. born people citizenship, including property rights and equal protection under the law. - ANSWER-14th Declared that Andrew Johnson could not fire a Cabinet member without the Senate's permission. - ANSWER-Tenure of Office Act The system of labor where a worker would rent the land to cultivate crops, giving their landlord a share of the crop as payment. - ANSWER-Sharecropping Southerners who supported Reconstruction - ANSWER-Scalawags Northerners who moved South during Reconstruction were called - ANSWER-Carpetbaggers Before the early 1850s, Americans who traveled west on the overland trails were generally - ANSWER-from the eastern seaboard states In the 1840s, critics of territorial expansion by the US - ANSWER-warned it would increase the controversy over slavery When President Polk received the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, he - ANSWER-angrily claimed that Trist had violated his instructions The Mexican War resulted in large part from - ANSWER-the United States provoking Mexico to fight. The 1853 Gadsden Purchase - ANSWER-advanced the cause of a southern route for the transcontinental railroad. Following John Brown's 1859 raid on Harpers Ferry, many southerners were convinced that - ANSWER-Brown had been given support by the Republican Party In the election 1860, - ANSWER-white southerners concluded that their position in the Union was hopeless. Dred Scott v. Sanford - ANSWER-1857 Supreme Court decision that stated slaves were not citizens: slaves were property no matter where they were living and the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional The 1856 beating of Charles Sumner on the floor of the US Senate - ANSWER-was strongly condemned in the South Prior to becoming president of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis had - ANSWER-been regarded as a moderate on secession. Confiscation Act of 1861 - ANSWER-declared that slaves used by Confederate states in the war effort were free. At the start of the Civil War, the - ANSWER-North had more advanced industrial and transportation systems General Grant's Union forces attacked General Lee's Confederate forces in the month-long - ANSWER-Battle of Gettysburg In 1865, Southern whites defined "freedom" as - ANSWER-controlling their future without Northern interference. Alabama Claims - ANSWER-involved complaints by the United States against England. Schuyler Colfax, Grant's vice president, - ANSWER-was involved in a stock-fixing scandal As Republicans planned for Reconstruction, - ANSWER-Radicals sought a range of punishments for white Southerners. As president, Andrew Johnson - ANSWER-offered amnesty to Southerners who pledged their loyalty to the United States. In 1867, congressional plans for Reconstruction - ANSWER-required new state governments in the South to give voting rights to black males. In the 1890s, the black journalist Ida B. Wells devoted her writing to attacking - ANSWER-the crime of lynching In the South during the last twenty years of the nineteenth century, - ANSWER-the southern share of national manufacturing doubled [Show Less]
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WGU Academy US HIST 101 Final Exam Questions and Answers (Graded A)
Many pre-Columbian tribes east of the Mississippi River were loosely linked by - ANSWER-common Linguistic roots. The origins of the majority of human ex... [Show More] istence in North America began - ANSWER-With migrations across an ancient land bridge over the bearing strait Scholars estimate that human migration into the Americas over the Bering Strait occurred approximately - ANSWER-11,000 Years ago Cahokia was a large trading center located near what present-day city? - ANSWER-St. Louis The pre-Columbian North American peoples in the Pacific Northwest - ANSWER-Fished salmon as their principal occupation. Native American religions were closely linked to - ANSWER-the natural world The colony of Virginia was named in honor of - ANSWER-Queen Elizabeth From their colonial experiences in Ireland, the English concluded that - ANSWER-English colonists should maintain rigid separation from an indigenous population The glorious Revolution of 1688-1689 - ANSWER-Saw an English king, James II, flee to the European continent. in King Philip's War, Indians made effective use of a relatively new weapon, the - ANSWER-flintlock rifle. The Virginia Company - ANSWER-had its charter revoked by James 1. Which of the following does NOT describe the site chosen for the Jamestown settlement - ANSWER-It was inaccessible by ship. By 1700, English colonial landowners began to rely more heavily on African slavery in part because - ANSWER-of a declining birthrate in England. The seventeenth-century medical practice of deliberately bleeding a person was based on - ANSWER-the belief that a person needed to maintain a balance of different bodily fluids. Seventeenth-century southern plantations - ANSWER-tended to be rough and relatively small During the seventeenth century, English colonists in the Chesapeake saw - ANSWER-a life expectancy for men of just over forty years. In comparing the colonial societies of Spanish America and English America, people of mixed races had a - ANSWER-higher status than pure Africans in Spanish America. In English North American colonies, the application of slave codes was based on color and - ANSWER-nothing more. The Church of England was the official faith of - ANSWER-Virginia Which statement regarding the lives of slaves in colonial North America is true? - ANSWER-Slave religion was a blend of Christianity and African folk tradition. In the 1760s, the revolutionary crisis in English North America began in cities because - ANSWER-cities were the centers of intellectual information. George Whitefield is associated with the - ANSWER-Great Awakening. Class divisions in colonial North American cities were - ANSWER-more real and visible than in rural places. The Stono Rebellion - ANSWER-saw slaves in South Carolina attempt to escape from the colony. All of the following Americans made important contributions to Enlightenment thought EXCEPT - ANSWER-John Locke. By 1775, the non-Indian population of the English colonies was just over - ANSWER-2 million. The verdict of the 1734-1735 libel trial of New York publisher John Peter Zenger - ANSWER-increased freedom of the press in the colonies. The proportion of all blacks in the colonies living on a plantation of at least ten slaves was over - ANSWER-three-fourths. In North America during the eighteenth century, the most powerful native group was the - ANSWER-Iroquois. In the aftermath of King George's War - ANSWER-relations among the English, French, and Iroquois deteriorated. For most Indians in North America, the British victory in the French and Indian War - ANSWER-had disastrous effects on their future. The Proclamation of 1763 - ANSWER-was supported by many Indian tribal groups. What future American revolutionary figure surrendered to French forces in 1754 at Fort Necessity in the Ohio Valley? - ANSWER-George Washington The first clash of the French and Indian War took place near what is now - ANSWER-Pittsburgh. The colonial boycott of tea in 1773 - ANSWER-was led in large part by women, who were the primary consumers of tea. The Sugar Act of 1764 was designed to - ANSWER-a. damage the market for sugar grown in the colonies. b. eliminate the illegal sugar trade among the colonies, the French, and the West Indies. c. establish new vice-admiralty courts in America to try accused smugglers. d. lower the colonial duty on molasses. e. All these answers are correct. The Townshend Duties of 1767 - ANSWER-were taxes on what Townshend believed to be external transactions. Parliament responded to the Boston Tea Party by - ANSWER-reducing the powers of self-government in Massachusetts. Colonial protests directed against the Townshend Duties took the form of - ANSWER-a colonial nonimportation agreement. Taverns were important in the growth of revolutionary sentiment because - ANSWER-they become central meeting places to discuss ideas about resistance. Financing the Revolution was difficult for the American side because - ANSWER-Congress did not have the authority to impose taxes. During the American Revolution, enslaved African Americans in the colonies - ANSWER-were assisted by the British to escape, as a way to disrupt the American war effort. Which of the following was the scene of a substantial British victory in the final phase (1778-1781) of the American Revolution? - ANSWER-Charleston In 1776, Abigail Adams was an advocate for - ANSWER-new protections for women against abusive and tyrannical men. The Virginia Statute of Religious Liberty of 1786 - ANSWER-called for a complete separation of church and state. The Articles of Confederation were finally approved when states gave up their - ANSWER-claims to western lands. Under the Articles of Confederation, - ANSWER-each state had one vote in Congress. Shortly after signing the Treaty of Paris of 1783, the British government - ANSWER-restricted American access to British markets. The Antifederalists - ANSWER-saw themselves as defenders of the principles of the American Revolution and feared that the new government would widely abuse its powers. The delegates to the Constitutional Convention of 1787 - ANSWER-were well educated by the standards of their time. Delegates to the Constitutional Convention of 1787 recommended the document be ratified by - ANSWER-special state ratifying conventions. In the Constitutional Convention of 1787, a major concession to the pro-slavery delegates was the - ANSWER-continuation of the slave trade for at least twenty more years. The first secretary of the treasury under the new government of 1789 was - ANSWER-Alexander Hamilton. The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 saw - ANSWER-President Washington lead thousands of troops into the field. Alexander Hamilton's plan for the federal government to assume state debts was passed by Congress after a deal was made to - ANSWER-locate the nation's capital between Virginia and Maryland. The emergence of an alternative political organization to the Federalists was prompted by - ANSWER-belief that the power of the Federalists needed to be restrained. The election of 1796 saw - ANSWER-a Federalist president and a Republican vice president take office. The presidential campaign in 1800 - ANSWER-was notable for the sensational personal slandering of both candidates. During the 1790s, regional support in the United States for Federalists was greatest in the - ANSWER-Northeast. The religious concept of deism - ANSWER-argued for a remote God that had withdrawn from human affairs. During the Second Great Awakening, the Indian revivalist Handsome Lake called for - ANSWER-the restoration of traditional Indian culture. The Second Great Awakening - ANSWER-began as an effort by church establishments to revitalize their organizations. The Non-Intercourse Act reopened American trade with - ANSWER-all nations except Great Britain and France. In the early nineteenth century, many members of Congress - ANSWER-considered their state legislatures to be more prestigious political bodies. The Lewis and Clark expedition - ANSWER-was assisted by the guide Sacajawea. In 1810, the Non-Intercourse Act expired and was replaced by - ANSWER-Macon's Bill No. 2. Following the British bombardment of Fort McHenry, Francis Scott Key wrote - ANSWER-"The Star-Spangled Banner." At the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, in 1814, Andrew Jackson - ANSWER-viciously broke the resistance of the Creek. In the War of 1812, the Battle of New Orleans - ANSWER-took place weeks after the war had officially ended. The Treaty of Ghent that ended the War of 1812 - ANSWER-began an improvement in relations between England and the United States. The first American medical school was established at - ANSWER-the University of Pennsylvania. The expansion of the medical profession during the early nineteenth century resulted in a - ANSWER-decline in midwives. In the early eighteenth century, the Americans Robert Fulton and Robert Livingston - ANSWER-made significant advances in steam-powered navigation. The early nineteenth century in America is known as the "turnpike era" because - ANSWER-many roads were built for profit by private companies. During the administration of James Monroe, - ANSWER-the Federalist Party in effect ceased to exist. The election of 1828 - ANSWER-saw the emergence of a new two-party system. Prior to becoming president, James Monroe had - ANSWER-served as secretary of state. In the early nineteenth century, the Deep South - ANSWER-included a vast, productive region in Alabama and Mississippi. After Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821, it - ANSWER-quickly opened its northern territories to trade with the United States. The policy expressed in the Monroe Doctrine was principally directed at - ANSWER-Europe. Which statement about French colonization in the New World is FALSE? - ANSWER-The French, like the English, tried to remain separate from native peoples. The teachings of John Calvin - ANSWER-produced a strong desire among his followers to lead lives that were virtuous. In what way did sixteenth-century Europeans benefit from trade between the Americas and Europe? - ANSWER-A large number of new crops became available in Europe. Amerigo Vespucci - ANSWER-helped spread recognition of the idea that the Americas were new continents. In what way were Martin Luther and John Calvin important to English Puritans? - ANSWER-Luther and Calvin advocated ideas of religious reform that influenced Puritan thought. The Puritan merchants who founded the Massachusetts Bay colony - ANSWER-carried out the largest single migration in the seventeenth century. In the seventeenth century, English Quakers - ANSWER-a. granted women a position within the church generally equal to that of men. b. had no paid clergy. c. were pacifists. d. believed all could attain salvation. (e. All these answers are correct.) The initial Jamestown colonists focused primarily on - ANSWER-the search for gold. In its beginning, the Maryland colony - ANSWER-was a refuge for English Catholics. When it was established in 1644, the colony of Rhode Island - ANSWER-was notable for its religious toleration. The first blacks imported to Virginia in 1619 - ANSWER-may have been considered indentured servants by the colonists. In colonial New England Puritan communities, women - ANSWER-were expected to devote themselves to serving the needs of their husbands and households. The seventeenth-century tobacco economy of the Chesapeake region - ANSWER-went through numerous boom-and-bust cycles. By the 1770s, the two largest port cities in colonial North America were - ANSWER-Philadelphia and New York. The total number of Africans forcibly brought to all of the Americas as slaves is estimated to have been as many as - ANSWER-11 million. By 1776, what proportion of white males were literate in colonial America? - ANSWER-more than half The verdict of the 1734-1735 libel trial of New York publisher John Peter Zenger - ANSWER-increased freedom of the press in the colonies. The Paxton Boys and the Regulators both - ANSWER-demanded tax relief. Which of the following statements regarding the Coercive Acts is true? - ANSWER-Massachusetts became a martyr in the cause of resistance. The French and Indian War in North America - ANSWER-demonstrated that increasing England's control over the colonies would not be easy. The Tea Act of 1773 - ANSWER-a. followed a few years of relative calm between England and the American colonies. b. lowered the price of tea for American colonists. c. was intended to benefit a private British company. d. provided no new tax on tea. e. All these answers are correct. In 1775, as conflicts with England intensified, American colonists - ANSWER-were deeply divided about what they were fighting for. One effect of Shays's Rebellion was that it - ANSWER-contributed to the growing belief the national government needed reform. In the final phase (1778-1781) of the American Revolution, the British - ANSWER-badly overestimated the support of American Loyalists. During the second phase (1776-1778) of the American Revolution, British military efforts were hampered by - ANSWER-a series of tactical blunders and misfortunes. In 1780, Massachusetts sought to revise the power of the governor by - ANSWER-having him elected directly by the people. Under the Articles of Confederation in 1777 there was a federal - ANSWER-a. Congress. b. judiciary. c. executive. d. bureaucracy. (e. All these answers are correct.) As president, George Washington - ANSWER-avoided personal involvement with the deliberations of Congress. The achievement of the "Great Compromise" of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 was its resolution of the problem regarding - ANSWER-political representation. Alexander Hamilton's funding plan - ANSWER-was eventually passed by Congress essentially as Hamilton had desired. The New Jersey Plan - ANSWER-expanded the taxation and regulatory powers of Congress. Under the federal structure first implemented in the Constitution, the people would directly elect - ANSWER-members of the House of Representatives. Who described the election of 1800 as the "Revolution of 1800"? - ANSWER-Thomas Jefferson In the War of 1812, Britain turned its full military attention to America after - ANSWER-Napoleon's catastrophic campaign against Russia. Napoleon decided to sell the entire Louisiana Territory to the United States in part because - ANSWER-the French army on the American continent had been decimated by disease. During the War of 1812, the Hartford Convention - ANSWER-proved to be futile and irrelevant. In 1800, Washington, D.C., - ANSWER-was little more than a simple village. The message of the Second Great Awakening - ANSWER-called for an active and fervent piety. What event prompted Spain to negotiate the sale of Florida to the United States? - ANSWER-the Seminole War The rapid growth of the Northwest and Southwest led to which of the following in the immediate aftermath of the War of 1812? - ANSWER-the admission of four new states to the Union The presidential administration of John Quincy Adams was - ANSWER-noted for its inability to carry out its policies effectively. In Cohens v. Virginia (1821), Chief Justice John Marshall affirmed the constitutionality of - ANSWER-Supreme Court review of state court decisions. In 1819, the Adams-Onís Treaty dealt with the American purchase of - ANSWER-Florida. President Martin Van Buren's "subtreasury" system - ANSWER-consisted of a controversial, new financial system to replace the Bank of the United States. In the debate over the Bank of the United States, President Andrew Jackson agreed with - ANSWER-the "hard-money" advocates. In 1836, President Andrew Jackson's "specie circular" - ANSWER-resulted in a severe financial panic. The so-called Locofocos of the 1830s were - ANSWER-radical Democrats. The "Trail of Tears" traveled by the Cherokees led them to the area that later became - ANSWER-Oklahoma. As president, John Tyler - ANSWER-was a Whig who had once been a Democrat. The political significance of Peggy Eaton on Andrew Jackson's administration was that - ANSWER-the presidential aspirations of John C. Calhoun were likely ended. The first of the "Five Civilized Tribes" to be removed to the West, beginning in 1830, was the - ANSWER-Choctaw. Which statement about the 1842 Webster-Ashburton Treaty is FALSE? - ANSWER-It included an American pledge not to allow slave ships to land at British ports. The early union movement among skilled artisans - ANSWER-was weakened by the Panic of 1837. As the immigrant labor force in New England textile mills grew in the 1840s, - ANSWER-piece rates replaced a daily wage. The Erie Canal was - ANSWER-a tremendous financial success. In the United States in the 1830s, limited liability laws were developed, which - ANSWER-meant stockholders could not be charged with losses greater than their investment. The growth of commerce and industry allowed more Americans the chance to become prosperous without - ANSWER-owning land. Before 1860, the American middle-class - ANSWER-became the most influential cultural form of urban America. In the American slave family, - ANSWER-extended kinship network [Show Less]
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WGU Academy US History Exam with complete solutions
The origins of the majority of human existence in North America began - ANSWER-with migrations (from Eurasia) across an ancient land bridge over the Bering... [Show More] Strait. Which sentence best describes pre-Columbian societies of the Southwest? - ANSWER-They built irrigation systems and constructed towns Who were the first inhabitants of the American continent? - ANSWER-migrants who crossed over from Asia Why did the Colonial government in Massachusetts vote to deport Roger Williams? - ANSWER-He preached separation from the Church of England. What prompted the influx of African slaves to the Southern Colonies and the Caribbean in 1619? - ANSWER-the need for workers on tobacco plantations Which was not a result of the first interactions between native Americans and Europeans arriving in North and South America? - ANSWER-Native Americans were open to trade and Europeans showed no interest. Which sentence most accurately describes religious practices and beliefs among slaves in the South in the early 1700s? - ANSWER-They created a blend of Christianity and African folklore. What was the most significant cause of the war in North America between the French and British in the 1750s and 1760s? - ANSWER-disputes over territory How did the French and Indian War alter territorial claims in North America? - ANSWER-French territory east of the Mississippi was conceded to the British. What was Samuel Adams' reason for creating the Committees of Correspondence? - ANSWER-He wanted to publicize Americans' grievances against the British and coordinate the colonists' responses What was the result of the Tea Act of 1773 among the colonists? - ANSWER-It unified resistance among the colonists to Britain's economic exploitation of the colonies What action by the American colonists resulted in the passage of the Intolerable Acts by the British Parliament? - ANSWER-the Boston Tea Party What was Thomas Paine's purpose in writing his pamphlet, Common Sense? - ANSWER-to convince the colonists to break away from the English government What was the main goal of the Articles of Confederation? - ANSWER-to focus government authority at the state level What was the principal complaint Anti-Federalists had with the original Constitution? - ANSWER-It lacked a clearly enumerated Bill of Rights. After the American Revolution, what problem contributed significantly to the need for a federal Constitution? - ANSWER-an impending conflict with Indians During the formation of the republic, who recommended to President Washington that a national bank should be established? - ANSWER-Alexander Hamilton Which was a direct result of the "XYZ Affair"? - ANSWER-the creation of the Department of the Navy In the 1790s, which group believed that America should be rural and agrarian rather than commercial and urban? - ANSWER-Republicans What was an unusual feature of the Second Great Awakening in the early 1800s? - ANSWER-the large number of women involved in the movement What was an effect of the Second Great Awakening? - ANSWER-a crusade against personal immorality What was one of the most important accomplishments of Jefferson's presidency? - ANSWER-purchasing the Louisiana Territory Which factor contributed to the significant increase in the American population from 1820 to 1840? - ANSWER-improvements in public health In the early 1800s, what was one of the principles of the slave codes in the South? - ANSWER-Slaves could not be taught to read or write What inspired Francis Scott Key to write the Star Spangled Banner? - ANSWER-He was proud to see Fort McHenry survive a naval bombardment. How did the westward expansion of white settlers affect British advantages during the War of 1812? - ANSWER-It caused displaced or threatened Indian tribes to form alliances with the British Which invention had the greatest effect on transportation and trade during the early years of the American Republic? - ANSWER-steam engine What economic trend transformed the South in the mid-nineteenth century? - ANSWER-The South experienced a dramatic rise in cotton production Before the Civil War, what campaign was intended to keep slavery out of new territories? - ANSWER-Free-Soil Movement Which significant political shift characterized Andrew Jackson's presidency? - ANSWER-more people involved in the political process What antebellum philosophy in America sparked the creation of new reform institutions? - ANSWER-the belief in the potential of the individual What antebellum philosophy in America focused on reexamining the individual and the individual's relationship to the natural world? - ANSWER-Transcendentalism Which of these was a major effect of westward expansion in the time period leading up to the Civil War? - ANSWER-controversy over the legality of slavery in new territories Which modern-day state did the United States take control of as a direct result of the Mexican-American War? - ANSWER-California How did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo disappoint President Polk? - ANSWER-The U.S. failed to acquire as much territory as possible. What was President Lincoln's position on slavery? - ANSWER-He believed it was wrong, but did not advocate for abolishment of slavery How did the Compromise of 1850 ultimately lead to increased tensions between northern abolitionists and southern supporters of slavery? - ANSWER-It revealed that the differences between North and South were not simply solvable by an act of Congress since both groups continued to oppose aspects of the Compromise What was a major weakness of the Confederacy during the Civil War? - ANSWER-absence of organized industries How did the Union and the Confederacy develop their military forces during the Civil War? - ANSWER-Each side began the war by using volunteers, but was forced to implement a draft for white males What did the Emancipation Proclamation proclaim? - ANSWER-freedom for slaves in the remaining states of the Confederacy What was the importance of the Emancipation Proclamation to the Union? - ANSWER-It established that the war was being fought to eliminate slavery in addition to preserving the Union Which statement describes the role of women during the Civil War? - ANSWER-Women performed untraditional and nondomestic tasks What goal was achieved in the South during Reconstruction? - ANSWER-improvement of the education system Why was President Johnson impeached? - ANSWER-He removed a civil official from office without the consent of Congress How did the competing goals of moderate and radical reconstructionists conflict during the period just before and after the end of the Civil War? - ANSWER-Moderate reconstructionists wanted to reincorporate southern states without alienating their white citizens, while radicals proposed harsh laws to punish Confederate sympathizers In the post-Reconstruction South, what U.S. law or decision was circumvented by the establishment of poll taxes and property qualifications for voting? - ANSWER-Fifteenth Amendment During Reconstruction, what effect did the crop-lien system have on poor Southern farmers? - ANSWER-Unfair lending practices placed farmers in a cycle of debt Which was a trait of the pre-Columbian societies of the Eastern Woodlands? - ANSWER-They had access to considerable food resources What was the main objective of the Pilgrims in drafting the Mayflower Compact of 1620? - ANSWER-to establish their own government In the colonial era, what three commodities were exchanged in the triangular trade? - ANSWER-rum, slaves, and molasses Which sentence accurately describes the availability of basic tools and equipment for the early American colonists? - ANSWER-Most colonists lacked basic equipment such as firearms and pots and pans because they were too poor to afford them. What was the major effect of the Stamp Act of 1765? - ANSWER-It unified the colonies in resisting the purchase of British goods What action by the American colonists resulted in the passage of The Intolerable Acts by the British Parliament? - ANSWER-the Boston Tea Party Which American document was influenced by John Locke's theory that governments are formed to protect "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness"? - ANSWER-Declaration of Independence The Articles of Confederation granted sovereign power to which of the following? - ANSWER-state governments How did the "Great Compromise" of 1787 reconcile the wishes of Northern and Southern states regarding slavery? - ANSWER-Slaves were counted as three-fifths of a person in determining the population for the basis of representation and taxation. The Whiskey Rebellion revealed that the federal government - ANSWER-could use force to settle disputes In the early American republic, Republicans criticized the Federalists and their policies for being too - ANSWER-elitist. How did the Second Great Awakening affect American society? - ANSWER-It helped create a large number of social reform movements Why was Thomas Jefferson initially reluctant to accept the Louisiana Purchase? - ANSWER-He was concerned about acting within the limits of the Constitution. What was the United States' primary advantage in the steel industry during the second half of the nineteenth century? - ANSWER-abundant reserves of iron and coal in the Midwest What troubled Thomas Jefferson about French control of New Orleans? - ANSWER-He understood the importance of New Orleans as a port. What was a principal reason for the expansion of slavery in the early 1800s? - ANSWER-The invention of the cotton gin increased production Which statement reflects the role of industry in the pre-Civil War South? - ANSWER-Industry was an insignificant element compared to the profitable agricultural economy In the first half of the 19th century, the South became more dependent on the cotton industry as a result of what factor? - ANSWER-the boom of the textile industry and the decline of markets for other crops What was the primary purpose of the Monroe Doctrine? - ANSWER-to announce that the U.S. would not tolerate European interference on the American continents In the early 1800s, what was the principle of "nullification"? - ANSWER-a state's right to rule that a federal law is not applicable What action did the U.S. government take toward Indian tribes during the Jackson presidency? - ANSWER-Indian tribes were relocated to territories in the western United States How did the American public react to the Louisiana Purchase? - ANSWER-Despite some political wrangling, Jefferson's triumphant reelection suggested that the purchase was popular among citizens. What was the result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? - ANSWER-Mexico ceded California and New Mexico to the United States. What factor was critical to the passage of the Compromise of 1850? - ANSWER-the death of President Taylor How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 alter the composition of American political parties? - ANSWER-It led to the formation of the Republican Party Why were some in the Union hesitant to abolish slavery during the Civil War? - ANSWER-Politicians wanted to appease slave states that remained in the Union Which governmental action prevented African Americans from achieving equality during Reconstruction? - ANSWER-passage of Jim Crow Laws What was one of the requirements for former Confederate states to apply for readmission to the Union? - ANSWER-The state had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment What was the purpose of the Jim Crow laws enacted during Reconstruction? - ANSWER-to obstruct civil rights for African Americans How did the Southern economy change after Reconstruction? - ANSWER-A more diversified agricultural system emerged. What did the Industrial Revolution in the United States do? - ANSWER-Created a widening gap between the North and South. The Puritan founders of Massachusetts Bay Colony? - ANSWER-Were intent on building a model community. The nation emerged from it's second war with England? - ANSWER-Better prepared to settle it's Western territories. The doctrine of nullification argued that? - ANSWER-A state could refuse to implement a federal law. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? - ANSWER-freed the slaves In the federal constitution, the following decision was made regarding how slaves would be counted? - ANSWER-They would be counted for both taxation and representation. The impact of the controversy over the expansion of slavery into the western territories can be seen best in? - ANSWER-The compromise of 1850. The Articles of Confederation put the importance of states and be that of the central government in all the following ways EXCEPT? - ANSWER-All western lands had to be turned over to the central government. If Lincoln had lived through his second term, it is most likely that? - ANSWER-North and South would have found more reasonable ways of getting along. The South, in the decade following the Civil War? - ANSWER-Saw the emergence of commercial, urban "New South." North America before European colonization? - ANSWER-Was vulnerable to common European diseases. American policy towards Indian tribes in the 1830's focused on? - ANSWER-Isolating them as far west as possible into undeveloped areas. Political parties emerged in the 1790's because? - ANSWER-Hamilton's economic policies were deeply divisive. As tensions mounted between North and South over westward expansion in the late 1840's, the results of the Mexican War? - ANSWER-Increased sectional friction by setting up a debate over the future of slavery in California. The Stamp Act of 1765 - ANSWER-Required colonists to pay taxes on most printed documents. In the Great Plains region, most pre-Columbian societies - ANSWER-Fished salmon as their principal occupation. In colonial New England, - ANSWER-Dowries were a common feature of marriage. In North America as a result of the Seven Years' War, England - ANSWER-Confirmed its commercial supremacy and increased its political control of the settled regions In 1776, Abigail Adams was an advocate for - ANSWER-new protections for women against abusive and tyrannical men. The British military campaigns of 1777 saw - ANSWER-General John Burgoyne suffer a major defeat at Saratoga As the fighting in the final phase of the American Revolution (1778-1781) carried into communities previously isolated from the war, - ANSWER-support for independence greatly increased. During the second phase (1776-1778) of the American Revolution, British military efforts were hampered by - ANSWER-A series of tactical blunders and misfortunes Shortly after signing the Treaty of Paris of 1783, the British government - ANSWER-Restricted American access to British markets The core American political ideology of the post-war period considered the success of the new republican governments to be dependent on - ANSWER-independent landowners In 1780, Massachusetts sought to revise the power of the governor by - ANSWER-having him elected directly by the people. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 - ANSWER-The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 -Created a single territory out of the lands north of Ohio. -Guaranteed freedom of religion throughout the affected areas. -Prohibited slavery within the affected areas. -Abandoned the system created in the 1784 Ordinance. Nine of the first ten amendments to the Constitution placed limits on the - ANSWER-New government The first state to ratify the Constitution in 1787 was - ANSWER-Delaware At the start of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the delegates ruled that - ANSWER-Each state delegation would have a single vote. The achievement of the "Great Compromise" of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 was its resolution of the problem regarding - ANSWER-Political representation. Pinckney's Treaty (1795) gave the United States - ANSWER--The right to navigate the Mississippi River to its mouth -The freedom to use the port at New Orleans -A desired fixed northern boundary of Florida -Assurances that Indians in Florida would be prevented from launching northern raids. The first secretary of the treasury under the new government of 1789 was? - ANSWER-Alexander Hamilton As Treasury secretary, Alexander Hamilton - ANSWER-Supported the creation of a national bank The presidential campaign in 1800 - ANSWER-was notable for the sensational personal slandering of both candidates. Who described the election of 1800 as the "Revolution of 1800"? - ANSWER-Thomas Jefferson [Show Less]
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US History 101 WGU Academy Final Study Guide with complete solutions
Industrial Revolution in the United States? - ANSWER-Created a widening gap between the North and South. The Puritan founders of Massachusetts Bay Colon... [Show More] y? - ANSWER-Were intent on building a model community. The nation emerged from it's second war with England? - ANSWER-Better prepared to settle it's Western territories. The doctrine of nullification argued that? - ANSWER-A state could refuse to implement a federal law. The Emancipation Proclamation? - ANSWER-Freed no slaves. In the federal constitution, the following decision was made regarding how slaves would be counted? - ANSWER-They would be counted for both taxation and representation. The impact of the controversy over the expansion of slavery into the western territories can best be seem in? - ANSWER-The compromise of 1850. The Articles of Confederation put the importance of states and be that of the central government in all the following ways EXCEPT? - ANSWER-All western lands had to be turned over to the central government. If Lincoln had lived through his second term, it is most likely that? - ANSWER-North and South would have found more reasonable ways of getting along. The South, in the decade following the Civil War? - ANSWER-Saw the emergence of commercial, urban "New South." North America before European colonization? - ANSWER-Was vulnerable to common European diseases. American policy towards Indian tribes in the 1830's focused on? - ANSWER-Isolating them as far west as possible into undeveloped areas. Political parties emerged in the 1790's because? - ANSWER-Hamilton's economic policies were deeply divisive. As tensions mounted between North and South over westward expansion in the late 1840's, the results of the Mexican War? - ANSWER-Incresed sectional friction by setting up a debate over the future of slavery in California. In the early American colonies, which group was made up of the most radical Puritans? - ANSWER-Separatists How did the Enlightenment affect the intellectualism in colonial America? - ANSWER-It stimulated the study of science and reason. In the French and Indian War, which advantage allowed the British to defeat the French at Quebec? - ANSWER-Larger colonial populations What was the result of the Great Compromise of 1787 during the constitutional convention? - ANSWER-The creation of a representative two- house legislature. What was the unintended consequence of the invention of the cotton gin in the early 1800's? - ANSWER-Slavery expanded in the South due to the increased amount of cotton that could be produced. What result of the War of 1812 helped change the composition of the United States? - ANSWER-New opportunities for westward expansion led to growth in territory and population. What quality defined the group of American painters of the 19th century known as the Hudson River School? - ANSWER-They were greatly inspired by the American landscape. What was the main goal of the Abolitionist movement in the 1800's? - ANSWER-The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution. How did the Civil War transform opportunities for commonly discriminated against groups? - ANSWER-Women became increasingly accepted in the role of medical caregivers. What was the main goal of the Nativist movement in the 1800's? - ANSWER-to enact stricter naturalization laws [Show Less]
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