Tertiary Prevention Examples - Answer- Counseling on medication; rehabilitation; supportive care; reducing disability
Latent Period - Answer- time
... [Show More] between exposure of tissue to injurious agent and first appearance of signs and/or symptoms
Endemic - Answer- Native to local region
Subclinical Disease - Answer- no noticeable signs or symptoms (inapparent infection)
Etiology - Answer- cause of disease
Idiopathic - Answer- unknown cause
latrogenic - Answer- Cause results from unintended or unwanted medical treatment
Primary prevention - Answer- altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible persons ex: vaccinations
Allostasis - Answer- process by which the body achieves stability through homeostatis
Selye's 3 Phases of Stress - Answer- Alarm reaction; resistance; exhaustian
sympathetic nervous system: Norepinephrine - Answer- causes vasoconstriction & increases BP; Reduces gastric secretions; increases night and far vision
sympathetic nervous system: epinephrine - Answer- enhances myocardial contractility; increases HR & CO; causes bronchiodilation; increases glucose release from liver
Hormones released during the stress response - Answer- Cortisol
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Endorphines
Oxytocin
RAA pathway (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone)
Types of intracellular accumulation - Answer- -Excessive amounts of normal intracellular substance
-Abnormal substances from faulty matabolism synthesis
-particles that the cell is unable to degrade
Cellular adaptation types - Answer- -Atrophy: Decrease cell size
-Hypertrophy: increase cell size
-Hyperplasia: increase cell number
-Metaplasia: conversion of one cell type to another
-Dysplasia: disorderly growth
Coagulative necrosis - Answer- this process begins with ischemia, ends with degradation of plasma membrane (heart)
Liquefactive necrosis - Answer- liquification of lysosomal enzymes, formation of abscess or cyst from dissolved dead tissue (brain)
Fat necrosis - Answer- death of adipose tissue, appears as chalk white area ,usually due to trauma or pancreatitis (pancreas)
Caseous Necrosis - Answer- characteristic of lung damage secondary to tuberculosis (bacterial infection; resembles clumpy cheese (lung)
Apoptosis - Answer- programmed cell death
Side effects of chemotherapy - Answer- anemia
nausea
bleeding
infections
-oma - Answer- tumor
carcinoma - Answer- cancerous tumor (begins in kin or tissue that lines or covers body organs)
sarcoma - Answer- malignant tumor (begins in bone or in soft tissue of the body)
staging - Answer- the process of classifying tumors with respect to how far the disease has progressed, the potential for its responding to therapy, and the patient's prognosis (stage 0 to 4)
grading - Answer- a way to classify cancer cells & is done by a pathologist
Degree of malignancy & differentiation
Low Grade (Grade I, II)
High Grade (Grade III, IV) [Show Less]