Chapter 01. The Concept of Stress Adaptation
Multiple Choice
1. A client has experienced the death of a close family member and at the same time becomes
... [Show More] unemployed. This situation has resulted in a 6-month score of 110 on the Recent Life Changes Questionnaire. How should
the nurse evaluate this client data?
A. The client is experiencing severe distress and is at risk for physical and psychological illness.
B. A score of 110 on the Miller and Rahe Recent Life Changes Questionnaire indicates no significant threat of
stress-related illness.
C. Susceptibility to stress-related physical or psychological illness cannot be estimated without knowledge of
coping resources and available supports. D. The client may view these losses as challenges and perceive them as opportunities. ANS: C
The Recent Life Changes Questionnaire is an expanded version of the Schedule of Recent Experiences and the
Rahe-Holmes Social Readjustment Rating Scale. A 6-month score of 300 or more, or a year-score total of 500
or more, indicates high stress in a clients life. However, positive coping mechanisms and strong social support
can limit susceptibility to stress-related illnesses. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Evaluation | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
2. A physically and emotionally healthy client has just been fired. During a routine office visit he states to a
nurse: Perhaps this was the best thing to happen. Maybe Ill look into pursuing an art degree. How should the
nurse characterize the clients appraisal of the job loss stressor?
A. Irrelevant
B. Harm/loss
C. Threatening
D. Challenging
ANS: D
The client perceives the situation of job loss as a challenge and an opportunity for growth. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
3. Which client statement should alert a nurse that a client may be responding maladaptively to stress?
A. Ive found that avoiding contact with others helps me cope.
B. I really enjoy journaling; its my private time.
C. I signed up for a yoga class this week. D. I made an appointment to meet with a therapist. ANS: A
Reliance on social isolation as a coping mechanism is a maladaptive method to relieve stress. It can prevent
learning appropriate coping skills and can prevent access to needed support systems.
Test Bank - Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing by Mary Townsend (9th Edition, 2017) 2
KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Evaluation | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
4. A nursing student finds that she comes down with a sinus infection toward the end of every semester. When
this occurs, which stage of stress is the student most likely experiencing?
A. Alarm reaction stage
B. Stage of resistance
C. Stage of exhaustion
D. Fight-or-flight stage
ANS: C
At the stage of exhaustion, the students exposure to stress has been prolonged and adaptive energy has been
depleted. Diseases of adaptation occur more frequently in this stage. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
5. A school nurse is assessing a female high school student who is overly concerned about her appearance. The
clients mother states, Thats not something to be stressed about! Which is the most appropriate nursing
response?
A. Teenagers! They dont know a thing about real stress.
B. Stress occurs only when there is a loss.
C. When you are in poor physical condition, you cant experience psychological well-being. D. Stress can be psychological. A threat to self-esteem may result in high stress levels. ANS: D
Stress can be physical or psychological in nature. A perceived threat to self-esteem can be as stressful as a
physiological change. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
6. A bright student confides in the school nurse about conflicts related to attending college or working to add
needed financial support to the family. Which coping strategy is most appropriate for the nurse to recommend
to the student at this time?
A. Meditation
B. Problem-solving training
C. Relaxation
D. Journaling
ANS: B
The student must assess his or her situation and determine the best course of action. Problem-solving training, by providing structure and objectivity, can assist in decision making. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
Test Bank - Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing by Mary Townsend (9th Edition, 2017) 3
7. An unemployed college graduate is experiencing severe anxiety over not finding a teaching position and has
difficulty with independent problem-solving. During a routine physical examination, the graduate confides in
the clinic nurse. Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
A. Encourage the student to use the alternative coping mechanism of relaxation exercises.
B. Complete the problem-solving process for the client.
C. Work through the problem-solving process with the client. D. Encourage the client to keep a journal. ANS: C
During times of high anxiety and stress, clients will need more assistance in problem-solving and decision
making. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
8. A school nurse is assessing a distraught female high school student who is overly concerned because her
parents cant afford horseback riding lessons. How should the nurse interpret the students reaction to her
perceived problem?
A. The problem is endangering her well-being.
B. The problem is personally relevant to her.
C. The problem is based on immaturity. D. The problem is exceeding her capacity to cope. ANS: B
Psychological stressors to self-esteem and self-image are related to how the individual perceives the situation
or event. Self-image is of particular importance to adolescents, who feel entitled to have all the advantages that
other adolescents experience. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Evaluation | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
9. Meditation has been shown to be an effective stress management technique. When meditation is effective, what should a nurse expect to assess?
A. An achieved state of relaxation
B. An achieved insight into ones feelings
C. A demonstration of appropriate role behaviors
D. An enhanced ability to problem-solve
ANS: A
Meditation produces relaxation by creating a special state of consciousness through focused concentration. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Evaluation | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
10. A distraught, single, first-time mother cries and asks a nurse, How can I go to work if I cant afford
childcare? What is the nurses initial action in assisting the client with the problem-solving process?
Test Bank - Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing by Mary Townsend (9th Edition, 2017) 4
A. Determine the risks and benefits for each alternative.
B. Formulate goals for resolution of the problem.
C. Evaluate the outcome of the implemented alternative. D. Assess the facts of the situation. ANS: D
Before any other steps can be taken, accurate information about the situation must be gathered and assessed. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
11. A nursing instructor is asking students about diseases of adaptation and when they are likely to occur. Which student response indicates that learning has occurred?
A. When an individual has limited experience dealing with stress
B. When an individual inherits maladaptive genes
C. When an individual experiences existing conditions that exacerbate stress
D. When an individuals physiological and psychological resources have become depleted
ANS: D
During the stage of exhaustion of the general adaptation syndrome, the individual loses the capacity to adapt
effectively because physiological and psychological resources have become depleted. This is the time when
diseases of adaptation may occur.
Chapter 02. Mental Health/Mental Illness: Historical and Theoretical
Concepts
Multiple Choice
1. A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing occasional feelings of sadness because of the recent death
of a beloved pet. The clients appetite, sleep patterns, and daily routine have not changed. How should the nurse
interpret the clients behaviors?
A. The clients behaviors demonstrate mental illness in the form of depression.
B. The clients behaviors are extensive, which indicates the presence of mental illness.
C. The clients behaviors are not congruent with cultural norms. D. The clients behaviors demonstrate no functional impairment, indicating no mental illness. ANS: D
The nurse should assess that the clients daily functioning is not impaired. The client who experiences feelings
of sadness after the loss of a pet is responding within normal expectations. Without significant impairment, the
clients distress does not indicate a mental illness. KEY: Cognitive Level: Analysis | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
2. At what point should the nurse determine that a client is at risk for developing a mental disorder?
A. When thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are not reflective of the DSM-5 criteria
B. When maladaptive responses to stress are coupled with interference in daily functioning
C. When the client communicates significant distress
D. When the client uses defense mechanisms as ego protection
ANS: B
The nurse should determine that the client is at risk for mental disorder when responses to stress are
maladaptive and interfere with daily functioning. The DSM-5 indicates that in order to be diagnosed with a
mental disorder, there must be significant disturbance in cognition, emotion, regulation, or behavior that
reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological or developmental processes underlying mental
functioning. These disorders are usually associated with significant distress or disability in social, occupational, or other important activities. The clients ability to communicate distress would be considered a
positive attribute. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity
3. A nurse is assessing 15-year-old identical twins who respond very differently to stress. One twin becomes
anxious and irritable, while the other withdraws and cries. How should the nurse explain these different
responses to stress to the parents?
A. Reactions to stress are relative rather than absolute; individual responses to stress vary.
B. It is abnormal for identical twins to react differently to similar stressors.
C. Identical twins should share the same temperament and respond similarly to stress. D. Environmental influences weigh more heavily than genetic influences on reactions to stress.
Chapter 03. Psychopharmacology
Multiple Choice
1. The nurse manager on the psychiatric unit was explaining to the new staff the differences between typical
and atypical antipsychotics. The nurse correctly states that atypical antipsychotics:
A. Remain in the system longer
B. Act more quickly to reduce delusions
C. Produce fewer extrapyramidal effects
D. Are risk free for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
ANS: C
Atypical antipsychotics produce less D2blockade; thus movement disorders are less of a problem. No evidence
suggests that the medication remains in the system longer nor that it acts more quicklyto reduce delusions. The
atypicals are not risk free for NMS. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Implementation | Client Need:
Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
2. The nurse would assess for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) if a patient on haloperidol (Haldol)
develops a:
A. 30 mm Hg decrease in blood pressure reading
B. Respiratory rate of 24 respirations per minute
C. Temperature reading of 104° F
D. Pulse rate of 70 beats per minute
ANS: C
Increased temperature is the cardinal sign of NMS. This BP is not a significant feature of NMS. There are no
significant findings to support the options related to respirations or pulse rate. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Need:
Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
3. A patient taking fluphenazine (Prolixin) complains of dry mouth and blurred vision. What would the nurse
assess as the likely cause of these symptoms?
A. Decreased dopamine at receptor sites
B. Blockade of histamine
C. Cholinergic blockade
D. Adrenergic blocking
ANS: C
Fluphenazine administration produces blockade of cholinergic receptors giving rise to anticholinergic effects, such as dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. KEY: Cognitive Level: Application | Integrated Processes: Nursing Process: Assessment | Client Need:
Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
CONTINUES... [Show Less]