Details of TEST BANK Brock Biology of Microorganisms 15th Edition By Michael T. Madigan
5.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) Which of the following is/are
... [Show More] transferred to daughter cells during bacterial cell division?
A) only genomic DNA, the blueprint for everything the cell needs
B) individual genes and enzymes to later be brought together to form the genome
C) only the chromosome and enzymes to immediately begin cellular metabolism
D) chromosome, proteins, and all other cellular constituents
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.1
2) Bacterial growth refers to
A) an increase in the number of cells.
B) the occurrence of binary fission.
C) the time required for one cell to divide into two.
D) the occurrence of mitosis.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.1
3) The time interval required for the formation of two cells from one is called the
A) generation time.
B) growth time.
C) growth rate.
D) division rate.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.1
4) Turbidity measurements are commonly utilized for monitoring
A) planktonic cultures.
B) biofilms.
C) conies.
D) sessile cultures.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.8
5) The time between inoculation and the beginning of growth is usually called the
A) lag phase.
B) log phase.
C) dormant phase.
D) death phase.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.3
6) Optical density and viable cell concentration are LEAST proportional to each other during the
A) lag phase.
B) exponential growth phase.
C) stationary phase.
D) death phase.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.8
7) When attempting to determine viable cell counts of a heat-sensitive bacterial isolate, which
cell counting method should be avoided?
A) spread-plate method
B) pour-plate method
C) live staining and direct counting with a microscope
D) both spread- and pour-plate methods
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.7
8) Bacteria that are able to grow in humans and cause disease would be classified as
A) psychrophiles.
B) mesophiles.
C) thermophiles.
D) hyperthermophiles.
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.9
9) An agar plate for counting colonies and maximizing statistical validity should ideally contain
A) 1 to 100 colonies.
B) 50 to 100 colonies.
C) 30 to 300 colonies.
D) 100 to 1000 colonies.
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.7
10) Relative to enzymes in mesophilic microorganisms, which of the following is NOT
characteristic of enzymes in psychrophiles?
A) decreased alpha helix content
B) decreased beta sheet content
C) fewer hydrogen bonds
D) fewer ionic bonds
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.10
11) The number of colonies obtained in a plate count does NOT depend on the
A) inoculum volume.
B) size of the colonies.
C) type of culture medium.
D) incubation time.
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.7
12) Cell density in a chemostat is controlled by
A) the concentration of the limiting nutrient.
B) the dilution factor.
C) the size of the initial inoculum.
D) the concentration of the limiting nutrient, the dilution factor, and the size of the initial
inoculum.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.4
13) What temperature is most commonly used in autoclaves to sterilize growth media and other
devices prior to experimentation?
A) 95°C
B) 101°C
C) 121°C
D) 140°C
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.15
14) Most mesophilic organisms can grow in a temperature range of
A) 0-15°C.
B) 10-20°C.
C) 20-45°C.
D) 50-65°C.
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.9
15) Obligate anaerobes which are sensitive to O2 would be found growing
A) throughout a tube of thioglycolate broth.
B) only at the very top of a tube of thioglycolate broth.
C) only at the bottom of a tube of thioglycolate broth.
D) approximately one-third of the way down the thioglycolate broth.
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.16
16) A microbe growing in a refrigerator is likely
A) psychrophilic.
B) mesophilic.
C) psychrotolerant or psychrophilic.
D) hyperthermophilic.
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.10
17) Which of these statements is/are TRUE?
A) In general, species that can grow at higher temperatures are prokaryotic.
B) The most thermophilic prokaryotes are species of Archaea.
C) Chemoorganotrophic organisms are able to grow at higher temperatures than phototrophic
organisms.
D) All of the statements are true.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.11
18) A chemical that denatures proteins is most likely to be classified as a(n) ________ agent.
A) antiseptic
B) bacteriostatic
C) bacteriocidal
D) detergent
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.17
19) The ratio of the vapor pressure of the air in equilibrium with a substance to the vapor
pressure of pure water is known as
A) water activity.
B) vapor activity.
C) positive water balance.
D) osmosis.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.13
20) Organisms able to live in environments with high sugar concentrations are
A) halotolerant.
B) osmophiles.
C) xerophiles.
D) anaerobic fermenting bacteria.
Answer: B
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.13
21) When water activity is low, an organism must
A) increase its internal solute concentration.
B) increase its external solute concentration.
C) decrease its internal solute concentration.
D) decrease its external solute concentration.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.13
22) A bacterium possessing ________ will produce O2 bubbles when placed in the presence of
hydrogen peroxide.
A) catalase
B) superoxide dismutase
C) superoxide reductase
D) peroxidase
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.14
23) A halotolerant facultative anaerobe would grow BEST in which of the following
environments?
A) oxygen depleted saline
B) oxygenated saline
C) oxygen depleted non-saline
D) oxygenated non-saline
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.13
24) Which of the following forms of oxygen is/are generally toxic to living organisms?
A) superoxide anion
B) hydrogen peroxide
C) hydroxyl radical
D) Superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals are all toxic.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.14
25) Superoxide dismutase and catalase work together to convert superoxide into
A) peroxide.
B) oxygen.
C) water
D) water and oxygen.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.14
26) Which of the following methods used to enumerate cells often requires specialized staining
to observe non-pigmented bacteria?
A) spectrophotometry/turbidity
B) spread-plating
C) microscopy
D) spread-plating, turbidity, and microscopy
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.6
27) Which term is most relevant in describing the efficacy of an antimicrobial for use in a
clinical setting?
A) effective dose
B) sterilization coefficient
C) lethal dosage
D) minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.17
28) Which method would be LEAST effective at sterilizing a glass hockey stick to use in the
spread-plate method?
A) autoclaving
B) gamma radiation
C) ethanol soaking
D) ultrahigh-temperature pasteurization
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.15
29) When counting colonies on an agar plate
A) it is assumed that each colony arose from division of one or a few cells.
B) only viable colonies are counted.
C) the medium must be suitable for colony growth.
D) All of these answer choices are true.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.5
30) By controlling the concentration of nutrients continuously added to a chemostat, cells can
constantly be maintained at the
A) exponential growth phase.
B) stationary growth phase.
C) lag growth phase.
D) death growth phase.
Answer: A
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.4
31) Serial dilutions are generally made
A) when the appropriate viable count is unknown.
B) based on powers of 10, although other serial dilution factors are possible.
C) to reach a suitable dilution while minimizing error.
D) All of these answer choices apply.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.7
32) Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) In the death phase, bacterial growth may cease as a result of oxygen and nutrient depletion.
B) The generation time of bacteria may vary from species to species.
C) Bacteria typically divide by binary fission, producing two daughter cells.
D) In the lag phase, cell death exceeds cell division.
Answer: D
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Chapter Section: 5.3
33) The optimal growth temperature of a bacterium is most closely related to the optimal
temperature for
A) transcription of DNA.
B) DNA replication.
C) enzyme function.
D) mRNA attachment to ribosomes.
Answer: C
Bloom’s Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Chapter Section: 5.9
34) Why is the enzyme catalase important to the survival of bacteria?
A) Catalase protects the cell from desiccation [Show Less]