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• PSY101_MH_V4
• Topic 12: Personality
Started on Thursday, March 10, 2022, 6:58 PM
State Finished
Completed on Thursday, March 10,
... [Show More] 2022, 7:20 PM
Time taken 22 mins 49 secs
Grade 115.00 out of 125.00 (92%)
Question 1
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Some researchers disagree with the notion that the labels "easy," "difficult," and "slow-to-warm-up" are the best way to conceptualize infant temperament. They argue that ________ are the core dimensions of temperament.
Select one:
a. object permanence and egocentrism
b. self-regulation, inhibition, and negative affectivity
c. parenting style and conservation
d. morality, identity, and prosocial behavior
Question 2
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The work of Harry Harlow established that
Select one:
a. early social experience in humans is essential to normal functioning in adulthood.
b. infants do not depend on warm social interaction to survive or to develop.
c. human behavior is hardly more complex than that of rhesus monkeys.
d. contact comfort is more important than feeding in the attachment process.
Question 3
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Compared to authoritarian parents, authoritative parents are likely to be
Select one:
a. more conservative.
b. less educated.
c. more collaborative.
d. less trusting.
Question 4
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Which of the following is a difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal studies?
Select one:
a. Unlike cross-sectional studies, longitudinal studies are affected by cohort effects.
b. Cross-sectional studies deal with people of the same age, whereas longitudinal studies deal with people belonging to different age groups.
c. Cross-sectional studies assess people at one point in time, whereas longitudinal studies assess people over a long period of time.
d. Cross-sectional studies assess participants multiple times, whereas longitudinal studies assess participants only once.
Question 5
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As young Javier gets off his school bus, he runs to his mother and proudly shows her the book he read at school. Which of the following Erikson's psychosocial development stages is Javier demonstrating?
Select one:
a. autonomy vs. doubt
b. initiative vs. guilt
c. industry vs. inferiority
d. trust vs. mistrust
Question 6
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Children of permissive parents
Select one:
a. are socially competent, self-reliant, and socially responsible.
b. fail to learn respect for others and have difficulty controlling their behavior.
c. use their caregiver as a secure base from which to explore.
d. handle independence poorly and often compare themselves with others.
Question 7
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According to ________, as we age, our cells become less capable of dividing.
Select one:
a. hormonal stress theory
b. the free-radical theory
c. the cellular-clock theory
d. Erikson's theory of socioemotional development
Question 8
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________ is often termed "maturation" because it involves an unfolding of biological processes.
Select one:
a. Cognitive development
b. Social development
c. Physical development
d. Emotional development
Question 9
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________ involves changes that occur with age in people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding the principles and values that guide them as they interact with others.
Select one:
a. Moral development
b. Cognitive development
c. Physical development
d. Gender development
Question 10
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A(n) ________ is a mental framework for understanding what it means to be male or female in one's culture.
Select one:
a. gender schema
b. gender diversity
c. gender bias
d. gender orientation
Question 11
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________ involve expectations for how females and males should think, act, and feel.
Select one:
a. Biological roles
b. Gender identities
c. Gender expressions
d. Gender roles
Question 12
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According to Jeffrey Arnett, the transitional period from adolescence to adulthood is known as
Select one:
a. formal operational stage.
b. late adulthood.
c. emerging adulthood.
d. concrete operational stage.
Question 13
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According to James Marcia, the two dimensions of identity are
Select one:
a. temperament and attachment.
b. exploration and commitment.
c. parenting style and attachment.
d. accommodation and assimilation.
Question 14
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Which of the following is true of the recovery pattern of grief explained by George Bonanno?
Select one:
a. Individuals who grieve in this pattern are more likely to be at risk for disorders such as depression than individuals who grieve in other patterns.
b. Individuals who grieve in this pattern seldom experience a profound disruption of life, despite having gone through a staggering loss.
c. In this pattern, intense feelings of sadness and distress typically come over the grieving person weeks or even months after a loss.
d. In this pattern, individuals experience profound sadness and grief that dissipates more slowly than resilient individuals do.
Question 15
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According to George Bonanno, ________is a pattern of grief in which a traumatic grief experience leads to a long-term disruption of functioning in important life domains.
Select one:
a. chronic dysfunction
b. resilience
c. recovery
d. delayed grief
Question 16
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In the context of self-determination theory, a parent nurturing his or her child's development best reflects
Select one:
a. the Yerkes-Dodson law.
b. extrinsic motivation.
c. self-efficacy.
d. the need for relatedness.
Question 17
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Identify a true statement about Walter Cannon and A. L. Washburn's classic experiment on hunger.
Select one:
a. It revealed that the hormone insulin helps start the digestion of food.
b. It showed that the stomach fails to tell the brain about the amount of nutrients present in foods.
c. It revealed a close association between stomach contractions and hunger.
d. It showed that rich food takes longer to stop hunger than the same amount of water.
Question 18
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Which of the following is emphasized by individualistic cultures?
Select one:
a. self-reliance
b. affiliation
c. cooperation
d. interdependence
Question 19
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Identify a true statement about the parasympathetic nervous system.
Select one:
a. It is responsible for a rapid reaction to a stressor.
b. It promotes relaxation and healing.
c. It is involved in the body's arousal.
d. It results in increased heart rate when activated.
Question 20
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Yonatan, a 26-year-old, is a statistician. He spends his free time making clay sculptures as he finds working with clay to be a calming experience. According to Freud's stages of psychosexual development, Yonatan is most likely to be fixated at the
Select one:
a. anal stage.
b. genital stage.
c. oral stage.
d. phallic stage.
Question 21
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Which of the following defense mechanisms involves directing unacceptable impulses at a less threatening target?
Select one:
a. displacement
b. sublimation
c. repression
d. fixation
Question 22
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According to Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory, ________ the basis of personality.
Select one:
a. the behavioral activation system (BAS) and the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) are
b. the cognitive affective processing systems (CAPS) are
c. the id, ego, and superego are
d. the reticular activation system (RAS) is
Question 23
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Identify a true statement about Walter Mischel's view on personality.
Select one:
a. He believed that the human sexual drive was the main determinant of personality development.
b. He stated that the experiences of a common past have made a deep, permanent impression on the human mind.
c. He proposed that perfection is the key motivator for individuals.
d. He asserted that behavior is discriminative.
Question 24
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________ is a person's assessment of his or her own level of positive affect relative to negative affect, and an evaluation of his or her life in general.
Select one:
a. Unconditional positive regard
b. Self-efficacy
c. An archetype
d. Subjective well-being
Question 25
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________ consists of a series of pictures, each on an individual card or slide. The test taker is asked to tell a story about each of the pictures, including events leading up to the situation described, the characters' thoughts and feelings, and the way the situation turns out.
Select one:
a. The Rorschach inkblot test
b. The Thematic Apperception Test
c. The Blacky pictures test
d. The Draw-a-Person test [Show Less]