Question 1
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The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable
membrane via a
... [Show More] specific protein carrier but without energy expenditure is called .
Select one:
a. facilitated diffusion
b. active transport
c. diffusion
d. endocytosis
e. osmosis
Question 2
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An organism that cannot grow without oxygen is a/an .
Select one:
a. facultative anaerobe
b. obligate anaerobe
c. aerobe
d. obligate aerobe
e. microaerophile
Straighterline BIO250 Microbiology Graded Exam 2 (New Version June 2024)
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Live Courses | Sciences | BIO250 | BIO250_MH_V6 | Unit 12: Antimicrobial Treatment
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Grade 125.00 out of 125.00 (100%)Question 4
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Which of the following properties is likely to be found in a pioneer colonizer of a biofilm on
an artificial joint implant?
Select one:
a. The ability to grow at thermophilicbodytemperature (37 ºC)
b. Surface structures for attaching to tissue
c. The ability to use the titanium from the implant as an energy source
d. No susceptibility to reactiveoxygen species like peroxides
Question 5
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Growth factors .
Select one:
a. are inorganic
b. are synthesized by the organism
c. contain elemental oxygen
d. cannot be synthesized by the organism
e. All of the choicesare correct.
Which compound has the highest concentration in a cell?
Select one:
a. H 2O
b. CO 2
c. CH 4
d. NH 3
e. Glucose
Question 3
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of 4.17Question 7
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Which of the following require the cell to use energy?
Select one:
a. Endocytosis
b. Diffusion
c. Facilitated diffusion
d. Osmosis
Question 8
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Noncompetitive inhibition is best described as .
Select one:
a. an anabolic reaction
b. the end product binding to enzyme in noncompetitive site
c. the substrate binding to DNA, blocking enzyme transcription
d. the substrate binding to enzyme in a regulatory site
e. the end product binding to DNA, blocking enzyme transcription
The toxic superoxide ion is converted to harmless oxygen by two enzymes, .
Select one:
a. catalase and oxidase
b. superoxide dismutase and hydrogen peroxidase
c. superoxide dismutase and catalase
d. catalase and hydrogen peroxidase
e. superoxide dismutase and oxidase
Question 6
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Mixed acid fermentation .
Select one:
a. is seen in Streptococcus and Lactobacillus
b. produces butyric acid
c. produces several different acids plus CO 2 and H 2 gases
d. also produces ethanol
e. occurs in all bacteria
Question 11
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Which of the following processes is endergonic?
Select one:
a. The oxidation of glucose
b. Carbon fixation
c. Beta oxidation of fatty acids
d. Burning wood
e. Deamination
Reduction of nitrogen-oxygen ions and compounds by some bacteria is called .
Select one:
a. fermentation
b. deamination
c. nitrification
d. denitrification
e. aerobic respiration
Question 9
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of 4.17Question 13
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Groups of three consecutive bases along the DNA of a gene have the code for one
.
Select one:
a. amino acid
b. purine
c. protein
d. nucleotide
Question 14
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Gene regulation can involve a protein repressor that blocks from initiating
transcription.
Select one:
a. RNA polymerase
b. DNA polymerase III
c. rRNA
d. DNA polymerase I
e. mRNA
In bacterial cells, the electron transport system is located in the .
Select one:
a. cell membrane
b. ribosomes
c. cytoplasm
d. chloroplasts
e. mitochondria
Question 12
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In Griffith's experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae, rough nonencapsulated
streptococci were converted into smooth encapsulated streptococci in the presence of the
heat-killed smooth encapsulated streptococci. Which microbial process had Griffith
identified?
Select one:
a. Cloning
b. Transduction
c. Conjugation
d. Transformation
Question 17
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DNA polymerase III .
Select one:
a. synthesizes new DNA only in the 5' to 3' direction
b. synthesizes an RNA primer
c. is needed for adding nucleotides during mRNA synthesis
d. cannot add nucleotides to the lagging strand
If a codon for alanine is GCA, then the anticodon is .
Select one:
a. ACG
b. GCA
c. CGU
d. UGC
e. CGT
Question 15
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Erythromcycin, a macrolide, inhibits protein synthesis .
Select one:
a. by preventing the formation of the initiation complex
b. by binding to the tRNA preventing peptide bond formation between amino acids
c. by interfering with both the initiation and elongation stages of translation
d. by binding to the ribosome, preventing translocation due to interference with the
attachment of mRNA
Question 20
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DNA polymerases used in PCR .
Select one:
a. must remain active at very cold temperatures
b. use an RNA template to make complementary DNA
c. include Taq polymerases and Vent polymerase
d. are labeled with fluorescent dyes
The transfer of DNA fragments from a dead cell to a live, competent recipient cell that
results in a changed recipient cell is termed .
Select one:
a. transmission
b. mitosis
c. conjugation
d. transduction
e. transformation
Question 18
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The compound that is an organic base containing chlorine and two phenolic rings, and is
used increasingly for wound degerming, neonatal washes, hand scrubbing, and prepping
surgical skin sites is .
Select one:
a. a quaternary ammonium compound
b. formalin
c. chlorhexidine
d. triclosan
e. carbolic acid
Question 23
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Which of the following represents the use of osmotic pressure as a microbial control
method?
Select one:
a. Exposing dental equipment to UV light
b. Bleaching a kitchen counter
c. Rinsing of a cut with Betadine
d. Salting of meat
DNA strands can begin to separate at the temperature of .
Select one:
a. 60 oC
b. 100 oC
c. 42 oC
d. 90 oC
e. 37 oC
Question 21
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Antiviral drugs that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat infections caused
by .
Select one:
a. HIV
b. influenza A virus
c. respiratory syncytial virus
d. hepatitis C virus
e. herpes zoster virus
Question 26
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Each of the following is a mechanism for drug resistance transfer between
microorganisms, except .
Select one:
a. transposons
b. R-plasmids
c. mutation
d. conjugation
Which of the following is a disadvantage of dry heat methods such as using a Bunsen
burner to incinerate microbes from an inoculating loop and the use of a hot air oven?
Select one:
a. Use of an open flame can be dangerous and hot air ovens take much longer to
sterilize than autoclaves.
b. Bunsen burners take too long to sterilize and hot air ovens are hazardous for the
operators.
c. Neither of these methods actually sterilize; they only kill vegetative cells.
d. Bunsen burners and hot air ovens only reach a maximum of 100 oC so they are not
effective against endospores.
Question 24
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Drugs that target the plasma membrane are able to do so because .
Select one:
a. they target the phosphate group on the phospholipids, breaking down the bilayer
b. they act as enzymes to break down the phospholipids
c. they contain a lipid part that enables them to act as a detergent
d. they are able to denature the membrane-associated proteins, creating pores
thereby disrupting the integrity
Question 29
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Which of the following is not used to treat malaria?
Select one:
a. Metronidazole
b. Meflaquine
c. Chloroquine
d. Primaquine
e. Quinine
Over 50 percent of all sales of medically important antibiotics in the United States are for
livestock use. Why is this problematic for humans?
Select one:
a. The livestock will become resistant to the antibiotics and not respond to treatment
when they have infections.
b. The use of antibiotics for livestock means that there are not enough for use in the
human population.
c. Resistant bacteria grow in the animals and may then be passed to humans.
d. The animals may become sick from the antibiotic ingestion.
Question 27
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Important characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include .
Select one:
a. low toxicity for human tissues
b. high toxicity against microbial cells
c. stability and solubility in body tissues and fluids
d. All of the choices are correct.
e. a lack of serious side effects in humans
Question 30
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