A patient is taking two prescription medications that both cause bradycardia. The nurse should monitor the patient for which type of effect?
A. An
... [Show More] increased therapeutic effect
B. An increased adverse effect
C. A reduced therapeutic effect
D. A reduced adverse effect
B. An increased adverse effect
Which individual is at the highest risk for a drug-drug interaction?
A. A toddler who is prescribed two antibiotics for a serious infection
B. An adolescent who takes over-the-counter medications for menstrual cramping
C. An adult who takes eight prescription medications for a chronic condition
D. An older adult who takes two prescription medications and a dietary supplement for anxiety
C. An adult who takes eight prescription medications for a chronic condition
The nurse cares for a patient who is taking a calcium channel blocker for hypertension. The nurse should be most concerned if the patient makes which statement?
A. "I take my medication with a glass of water."
B. "I eat foods high in fiber to prevent constipation."
C. "I drink a glass of grapefruit juice each evening."
D. "I avoid foods such as broccoli and cabbage."
C. "I drink a glass of grapefruit juice each evening."
A patient is prescribed a medication to be taken on an empty stomach. Which statement should the nurse include when providing patient teaching?
A. "Take the medication 1 hour before eating."
B. "Take the medication with a small glass of water."
C. "Take the medication before going to bed at night."
D. "Take the medication 1 hour after a meal."
A. "Take the medication 1 hour before eating."
Which patient does the nurse identify as being at highest risk for the development of an adverse drug reaction?
A. A 1-month-old patient whose mother has allergies to penicillin, aspirin, and codeine
B. A 16-year-old patient with multiple traumatic injuries who is taking morphine and an antibiotic
C. A 54-year-old patient with multiple sclerosis who has been enrolled in a clinical trial of a new drug
D. An 84-year-old patient with diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension who takes seven prescription medications each day
D. An 84-year-old patient with diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension who takes seven prescription medications each day
A patient is prescribed a medication that is potentially hepatotoxic. Before administering the medication, it is most important for the nurse to assess what?
A. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine
B. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase
C. Prolonged QT interval on the electrocardiogram
D. Serum potassium, serum sodium, and serum magnesium
B. Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase
The healthcare provider writes a medication order that the nurse cannot read. What should the nurse do?
A. Consult with the charge nurse to verify the order.
B. Discuss the order with the pharmacist.
C. Check with the patient to determine the correct medication.
D. Contact the prescriber to clarify the order.
D. Contact the prescriber to clarify the order.
The nurse reviews a patient's admission orders written by the healthcare provider. Which medication order should the nurse question?
A. Cyanocobalamin 100 mcg intramuscularly every month
B. Mso4 2.0 mg IV every 2 to 4 hours as needed for pain
C. Levothyroxine 75 mcg orally every morning
D. Enoxaparin 40 mg subq. every day for 7 days
B. Mso4 2.0 mg IV every 2 to 4 hours as needed for pain
A patient with cancer is receiving morphine for pain control. The patient calls the nurse to report that the morphine is no longer controlling his pain. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
A. "Increasing the dose of morphine will make you so sleepy that you will not be able to function."
B. "This means that you have developed a psychological addiction to morphine."
C. "You have developed a tolerance to morphine and will need a higher dose."
D. "It is recommended that we wait to increase the morphine until the pain is more severe."
C. "You have developed a tolerance to morphine and will need a higher dose."
The nurse is preparing to administer warfarin [Coumadin] to a patient. The nurse notes that the patient has altered CYP2D6 genes. It is most important for the nurse to do which of the following?
A. Check for signs of a transient ischemic attack.
B. Monitor for ST segment elevation or depression.
C. Observe the patient's legs for symptoms of a blood clot.
D. Examine the patient's stools for the presence
D. Examine the patient's stools for the presence
A patient was discharged from the hospital with instructions to take an antibiotic for 7 days to treat a bladder infection. Twelve days later, a home care nurse visits the patient and finds that the symptoms have not resolved. What is the most important question for the nurse to ask?
A. "Do you think you have another bladder infection?"
B. "Have you taken all of the antibiotics as directed?"
C. "How much water have you been drinking each day?"
D. "What antibiotic do you usually take to treat an infection
B. "Have you taken all of the antibiotics as directed?"
The nurse is assessing an infant delivered by a patient who is suspected of regularly using alcohol and cocaine during her pregnancy. It is most important for the nurse to observe the infant for what?
A. Lethargy, hypothermia, and weight gain
B. High-pitched cry, vomiting, and jitteriness
C. Depressed reflexes, jaundice, and dysphagia
D. Hypotonia, absent sucking reflex, and epistaxis
B. High-pitched cry, vomiting, and jitteriness
A patient is taking a Category A drug during pregnancy. Which statement by the nurse is accurate?
A. "The risk of harm to the fetus is remote."
B. "The drug is safe to take during pregnancy."
C. "This drug has caused congenital birth defects."
D. "No controlled studies of this drug have been done in humans."
A. "The risk of harm to the fetus is remote."
A patient is 2 months pregnant and complains of gastric distress. It is most appropriate for the nurse to do what?
A. Consult with the healthcare provider about a prescription for misoprostol (Cytotec).
B. Instruct the patient to avoid acidic foods such as orange juice and tomatoes.
C. Suggest an over-the-counter medication such as bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol).
D. Use an alternative therapy such as valerian as a dietary supplement.
B. Instruct the patient to avoid acidic foods such as orange juice and tomatoes.
A patient who is breast-feeding her newborn infant is prescribed an antibiotic to take after discharge. Which statement should the nurse include when providing discharge instructions?
A. "Drink plenty of fluids to dilute the drug in your breast milk."
B. "Take the drug at night with a full glass of water."
C. "Pump your breasts, and then discard all of the milk."
D. "Take the antibiotic immediately after breast-feeding."
D. "Take the antibiotic immediately after breast-feeding."
The nurse provides teaching for the caregiver of a 2-month-old infant and a 3-year-old child. Both children will be taking oral ampicillin (an acid-labile drug) to treat a bacterial infection. The nurse determines that teaching is successful if the caregiver makes which of the following statements?
A. "The dose will not be different, but the baby will take the drug for 7 days instead of 10 days."
B. "The dose will be higher for the baby, because the infection is more serious."
C. "The dose will be the same, because my children have the same infection."
D. "The dose will be smaller for the baby, because the drug will be absorbed better in the stomach."
D. "The dose will be smaller for the baby, because the drug will be absorbed better in the stomach."
A 2-year-old child is prescribed an oral drug that is eliminated by
metabolism in the liver. Based on the child's age, the nurse would expect to make which adjustment?
A. The drug may need to be administered more frequently.
B. The dosage of the drug may need to be decreased.
C. The route should be changed from oral to intramuscular.
D. The drug should be administered on an empty stomach
A. The drug may need to be administered more frequently.
A 15-month-old patient develops chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Which medication, if ordered by the healthcare provider, should the nurse question?
A. Ondansetron [Zofran]
B. Dexamethasone [Decadron]
C. Promethazine [Phenergan]
D. Metoclopramide [Reglan]
C. Promethazine [Phenergan]
A toddler has been prescribed a medication that does not have an established pediatric dose. To calculate the appropriate dose for the child, the nurse should consider what information?
A. The child's weight is 26 pounds.
B. The child's height is 32 inches.
C. The child's body surface area is 0.52 kg/m2.
D. The child's age is 24 months.
C. The child's body surface area is 0.52 kg/m2.
The nurse is assessing an 82-year-old patient before the administration of medications. Which laboratory result would provide the best index of renal this patient's function?
A. Serum creatinine
B. Blood urea nitrogen
C. Urinalysis
D. Creatinine clearance
D. Creatinine clearance
An older adult patient is taking a new prescription medication. After reviewing the patient's medical record, the nurse is most concerned about an adverse drug reaction if what is documented?
A. The patient is currently taking eight prescription medications.
B. The patient's urinary creatinine clearance is 70 mL/min/1.73 m2.
C. The patient regularly takes herbal and dietary supplements.
D. The patient takes a medication with a high therapeutic index.
B. The patient's urinary creatinine clearance is 70 mL/min/1.73 m2. [Show Less]