Dysentery - ANSWER Severe diarrhea with blood and muscus in the stool. Indicative of inflammation of the intestines. [Entamoeba
... [Show More] histolytica]
Steatorrhea - ANSWER The presence of greater than normal amounts of fat in feces which are frothy, foul smelling and floating.
Tenesmus - ANSWER Intense, constant and painful urge to defecate although the bowels are already empty. Little to no stool will actually be passed.
Trophoziote - ANSWER Active, motile feeding stage of the life cycle of coccidial parasites. Can survive for long periods of time. Under appropriate conditions they can mature and become infective.
Pathognomonic - ANSWER A characteristic of a disease that is so distinct and specific to that disease, that a diagnosis can be made based upon that one characteristic.
Excystation - ANSWER Transformation of a cyst stage into a trophozoite stage.
How is Amebiasis spread? - ANSWER Fecally contaminated food or water. Anal sex. (Disease is associated with lower SES and more common in young adults)
What is the incubation period of Amebiasis? - ANSWER 2-4 weeks.
What intestinal protozoan causes Amebiasis? - ANSWER Entamoeba hystolytica.
Excystation with Amebiasis occurs where? - ANSWER Duodenum.
What is a pathognomonic characteristic of Amebiasis? - ANSWER Presence of E. hystolytica trophozoites with ingested RBC's.
Some facts about Amebiasis: - ANSWER Can cause swelled areas along the colon: ameboma. May infect the liver if it gets outside of the intestines.
Amebiasis is: an amoebae, a flagellate or coccidia? - ANSWER Amoebae.
How many fecal specimens are recommended for diagnosis? - ANSWER Three within one week, at least every other day.
What is normal procedure for a negative O&P result? - ANSWER Ask them to submit another stool sample.
Symptoms of Giardiasis? - ANSWER Can be chronic, acute or asymptomatic. Steatorrhea. Abdominal cramps. Bloating. Loose, greasy stools. Fatigue. Weight loss.
What intestinal protozoan causes Giardiasis? - ANSWER Giardia lamblia.
How do we prevent Giardia and Cryptosporidium from getting in our water? - ANSWER Filtration.
Morphology of Giardia trophs: - ANSWER Heart shaped and symmetric. 10-20 micrometers. Four pair of flagella. Two nuclei. "Swaying" or "Dancing" movement of trophs in fresh specimens.
How is Giardiasis spread? - ANSWER Fecally contaminated food or water. Anal sex. Seasonal in the US (Summer-Fall). More common in children and associated with lower SES.
What is the incubation period of Giardiasis? - ANSWER 7-10 days.
Giardiasis is: an amoebae, a flagellate or coccidia? - ANSWER Flagellate.
Symptoms of Cryptosporidiosis: - ANSWER Diarrhea. May be severe in immunocompromised individuals (HIV, etc.) Anorexia. Vomiting. Malaise. Fever. Nausea.
What intestinal protozoan causes Cryptosporidiosis? - ANSWER Cryptosporidium parvum.
How is Cryptosporidiosis diagnosed? - ANSWER Identification of C. parvum. Identification of oocysts in smears. Modified acid fast stain.
How is Cryptosporidiosis spread? - ANSWER Fecally contaminated food or water. Daycare settings. Prevalence varies by SES. Waterborne outbreak in Milwaukee 1993. Carried in the intestines of many animals. Worldwide.
What is the incubation period of Cryptosporidiosis? - ANSWER About one week.
Cryptosporidiosis is: an amoebae, a flagellate or coccidia? - ANSWER Coccidia.
Suppurative - ANSWER Producing or associated with generation of pus. [Show Less]