Beta one controls the:
Heart
the two systems that comprise the autonomic nervous system
parasympathetic and sympathetic
the pathway of the
... [Show More] blood flow through the heart
superior and inferior vena cava - right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - pulmonic valve - pulmonary artery - lungs- pulmonic vein - left atrium - mitrovalve - left ventricle - aortic valve - aorta - body
insufficient blood flow through the coronary arteries can result in
angina
the heart is divided into ____ chanmbers
4
the upper chambers in the heart are called
atria
the lower chambers in the heart are called
ventricles
Another name for the parasympathetic nervous system
cholinergic system
What valve lies between the right atrium and right ventricle
tricuspid
What valve is between the left atrium and left ventricle
mitral
stimulation of the vagus nerve will
decrease the heart rate
The first heart sound is cause by
the mitral and tricuspid valves closing
what is the difference between angina and myocardial infarction
Angina is chest pain due to inadequate oxygenation while a myocardial infarction means death of the actual heart muscle
what are the two kinds of heart failure
right and left
symptoms of right sided heart failure include
ascites and pitting edema
symptoms of left sided heart failure
shortness of breath, pulmonary edema
what causes a heart murmur
turbulence in the blood flow across the heart valves
left sided heart failure often leads to
right sided heart failure
what do Beta blockers do
reduce the heart rate and blood pressure
which patient needs antibiotic treatment
prosthetic valve replacement
what medication is used in treatment of angina
nitroglycerin
what is the mnemonic for a patient having a myocardial infarction
MONA
what does necrosis mean
death of tissue
what does ischemia mean
inadequate blood supply
two kinds of stroke include
ischemic and hemorrhagic
the blood pressure limit which is generally considered the upper limit of normal is
140/190
treatment for a patient having a hypertensive crisis includes
a beta blocker and vasodilator
the pneumonic for diagnosing a stoke is
FAST
Patients in hypertensive crisis may complain of
headache
CABG needs to be premedicated with antibiotics
False
high blood pressure may increase the patients risk for heart attack and
stroke
Conduction system of the heart
SA node, AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers
The P wave is caused by?
Depolarization of the atria
The QRS complex is caused by?
Depolarization of the ventricles
Your patient has an irregularly irregular pulse. She most likely has:
Atrial fibrillation
What is the intrinsic rate of the SA node?
60-100 beats per minute
The T wave is caused by?
Repolarization of the ventricles
Multifocal PVC's is more dangerous than
unifocal PV's
The most common rhythm of cardiac arrest is:
ventricular fibrillation
Sinus arrhythmia is the same as asystole.
False
The best treatment for ventricular fibrillation is:
defibrillation
What is the correct sequence of impulses through the heart?
SA node-AV node-Bundle of His-Purkinjie Fibers
Cardiac output
the amount of blood pumped out in one minute and measured
stroke volume
the volume of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each heartbeat
the parasympathetic system is also called the
cholinergic
ischemia
restriction in blood supply to tissues
angina pectoris
chest pain that results when the heart does not get enough oxygen
MONA
Morphine
Oxygen
Nitroglycerin
Aspirin
myocardial infarction (MI)
necrosis of the heart muscle precipitated by decreased oxygenation from partial or complete blockage of blood flow in the coronary arteries
Beta blocker
prevents stimulation of the beta receptors and will minimize the demand on the heart
Nitrates
dilate blood vessels to improve blood flow
calcium channel blockers
used to block calcium so muscle is not contracting as hard
Asprin
used to reduce platelet clumping
lipid lowering drugs
reduce plaque formation
murmur
turbulent blood flow
stenosis
the valve does not open completely and blood flow through the valve is reduced
prolapse
valves that flex backwards
regurgitation
the valve does not close properly and blood backflows through the valve
bacterial endocarditis
an inflammation of the lining or valves of the heart caused by the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream
You come upon a patient who you have determined is not breathing and has no pulse, Your next move is to:
Start chest compressions
When performing CPR, the rate of compression is how many per minute?
100
True or False: All bradycardias with rate < 50 should be given Atropine .5 mg.
False
True or False: You can defibrillate asystole.
False
True or False: Patients in ventricular fibrillation (v fib) have a pulse.
False
The most effective treatment for a patient in ventricular fibrillation is:
Defibrillation
The second medication used in the treatment of ventricular fibrillation is:
Amiodarone
Vagal Maneuvers can be used in diagnosis and treatment of patients with which rhythm?
Supraventricular tachycardia
A patient who is in a narrow complex tachycardia is complaining of chest pain. You notice that the blood pressure is falling and the patient has an altered level of consciousness. Your next move is to:
Sedate the patient, then perform a synchronized cardioversion
The first MEDICATION for a patient in ventricular fibrillation is:
Epinephrine 1 mg IV
The hairlike projections on the cells within the trachea are called:
cilia
The _____bronchus is straighter and wider while the _____ bronchus is narrower and angles more acutely.
right, left
Inspiration is more of a(n)_____process, whereas expiration is more of a(n)______process.
active; passive
The order of airflow inside the upper respiratory system is:
nasopharynx, oropharynx, larygopharynx (larynx), trachea
The order of airflow in the lower respiratory system is:
trachea, right and left mainstem bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
Oxygen is carried by the:
Red blood cell [Show Less]