nutrition - ✔✔ the study of food
- how food nourishes our bodies
- how food influences our health
nutrients - ✔✔ food in the chemical
... [Show More] form of chemical compounds
- provide energy, growth, & maintenance
six classes of nutrients - ✔✔ carbohydrates: provide energy
proteins: provide energy, growth, maintenance, support, regulates body processes
fats: provide energy, growth, maintenance, support, regulates body processes
vitamins: growth, maintenance, support, regulates body processes
minerals: growth, maintenance, support, regulates body processes
- help regulate body processes such as break down of food and conversion into energy: metabolism
water: growth, maintenance, support, regulates body processes
phytochemicals - ✔✔ plant chemicals that are thought to play a role in protecting the body against some chronic diseases
nonnutritive compounds - ✔✔ do not provide calories
- EX: alcohol, artificial sugars
nutrients that provide energy - ✔✔ CHO= 4 kcals/g
protein= 4 kcals/g
fat= 9 kcals/g
alcohol= 7 kcals/g
leading causes of death in the US - ✔✔ 1. heart disease - nutrition related
2. cancer - nutrition related
3. stroke - nutrition related
6. diabetes - nutrition related
factors that influence our choices of food - ✔✔ taste
- most important factor
convenience
culture
- environment
social customs
trends
habits
emotions
time
cost
advertising
nutritional knowledge
time
health - ✔✔ state of complete physical, mental, and social well being, and not merely the absence of disease
- factors that influence health: nutrition, level of physical activity, weight, tobacco use, alcohol use, level of stress, socioeconomic status, genetics
vitamins - ✔✔ organic=carbon
water and fat soluble types
vulnerable to degradation (light, heat, oxygen exposure)
minerals - ✔✔ inorganic=no carbon
includes electrolytes (K, Na, Cl)
generally stable
water - ✔✔ - helps chemical reactions take place in body
- bathes outside of cells to allow transporting vital nutrients and oxygen to and removing waste products from cells
- helps maintain body temperature
- acts as a lubricant for joins, eyes, mouth, intestinal tract
nutritional genomics - ✔✔ the study of ow specific components in food interact with the expression of your genes
- genetic profile can be used to provide tailored nutrition/ lifestyle advice
fiber - ✔✔ portion of plant foods that isn't digested in the small intestine
- might fight diseases
well balanced diet - ✔✔ - helps individuals meet all of nutrient needs and provides compounds that may help fight off chronic disease
- supplements taken if meets are not met
Americans are exceeding their needs for total calories - ✔✔ - saturated fats
- sodium
failing to meet needs such as vita E, calcium, fiber
overweight - ✔✔ carrying extra weight on body related to height
obesity - ✔✔ carrying an excessive amount of body fat above the level of being overweight
scientific method - ✔✔ process of experimental steps scientists use to generate sound research findings
1) observe and ask a question
2) formulate a hypothesis
3) conduct an experiment
4) hypothesis supported OR not then revise hypothesis
hypothesis - ✔✔ idea scientists generate as a tentative explanation for their observations prior to further study and testing
peer reviewed journals - ✔✔ research journal in which fellow students review studies to assess their accuracy and soundness before publication
hypothesis
publish findings
develop theory
establish consensus [Show Less]