1. 1. Which action is a purpose of the inflammatory process? To prevent infection of the
injured tissue
2. What causes the edema that occurs during the
... [Show More] inflammatory process: Increased capillary
permeability
3. What process causes heat and redness to occur during the inflammatory process?
Vasodilation of blood vessels
4. Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the
antigen or after immunization against the antigen? Active-acquired immunity
5. What type of immunity is produced when an immunoglobulin crosses the placenta? Passiveacquired
immunity
6. Which immunoglobulin is present in blood, saliva, breast milk, and respiratory secretions?
IgA
7. Which antibody initially indicates a typical primary immune response? IgM
8. An individual is more susceptible to infections of mucous membranes when he or she has a
seriously low level of which immunoglobulin antibody? IgA
9. Evaluation of umbilical cord blood can confirm that which immunoglobulin level is near
adult levels? IgG
10. Which statement is true concerning the IgM? IgM is the first antibody produced during
the initial response to an antigen.
11. The common hay fever allergy is expressed through a reaction that is mediated by which
class of immunoglobulins? IgE
12. Which component of the immune system is deficient in individuals with infections caused
by viruses, fungi, or yeast? T cells
13. Chickenpox (varicella) may be followed years later by which disorder? Herpes zoster
14. How is thrush best defined? Presence of Candida in the mucous membranes of the
mouths of infants
15. Which viral disease has an incubation period of 14 to 21 days and duration of 1 to 4 days?
Rubella
16. Rubella (German or 3-day measles) is a common communicable disease of children caused
by what type of organism? Virus
17. Rubeola is a highly contagious acute disease in children caused by which type of infection?
Viral
18. Which clinical manifestation is present in rubeola but not in rubella? Conjunctivitis
19. What is the cause of chickenpox? Varicella-zoster virus
20. Which contagious disease is caused by the itch mite? Scabies
21. Cystic fibrosis is caused by what type of gene: Autosomal recessive
22. The difference between DNA sequence mutations and epigenetic modifications is:
Epigenetic modifications can be reversed
23. Maintenance of a constant internal environment and the implementation of behavioral
patterns are main functions of which area of the brain? Hypothalamus
24. What parts of the brain mediate the expression of affect, both emotional and behavioral
states? Limbic system and prefrontal cortex
25. Reflex activities concerned with heart rate, blood pressure, respirations, sneezing,
swallowing, and coughing are controlled by which area of the brain: Medulla oblongata
26. Which area of the brain assumes the responsibility for conscious and unconscious muscle
synergy and for maintaining balance and posture? Cerebellum
27. Which cerebral vascular hemorrhage causes meningeal irritation, photophobia, and positive
Kernig and Brudzinski signs? Subarachnoid
28. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system abnormalities exist in a large percentage of
individuals with: Major depression
29. The onset of schizophrenia can be triggered by which prenatal occurrence? Viral infection
30. Alterations in which part of the brain are linked to hallucinations, delusions, and thought
disorder associated with schizophrenia? Temporal lobe
31. Which nutritional deficiency in a pregnant woman is associated with neural tube defect
(NTD)? Folate
32. Children with phenylketonuria (PKU) are unable to synthesize: Essential amino acid,
phenylalanine, to tyrosine
33. Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of which clotting factor? IX
34. Which disease is caused by clotting factor VIII deficiency and is an autosomal dominant
trait? von Willebrand disease
35. The release of catecholamine by the adrenal glands compensate for which initial effects of
hypovolemic shock? Heart rate is increased.
36. In cardiogenic shock, what is the cause of hepatomegaly and periorbital edema? Low
cardiac output, causing a high central venous pressure
37. Which normal physiologic change occurs in the aging pulmonary system? Stiffening of the
chest wall
38. Clinical manifestations of inspiratory and expiratory wheezing, dyspnea, nonproductive
cough, and tachypnea are indicative of which condition? Asthma
39. Clinical manifestations of decreased exercise tolerance, wheezing, shortness of breath, and
productive cough are indicative of which respiratory disorder? Chronic bronchitis
40. Clinical manifestations that include unexplained weight loss, dyspnea on exertion, use of
accessory muscles, and tachypnea with prolonged expiration are indicative of which
respiratory disorder? Emphysema
41. Clinical manifestations of inspiratory crackles, increased tactile fremitus, egophony, and
whispered pectoriloquy are indicative of which respiratory condition? Pneumonia
42. What is the first sign of puberty in girls? Breast enlargement
43. What is the first sign of puberty in boys? Enlargement of the testes
44. In the 95% of those with delayed puberty, the problem is caused by which condition?
Physiologic hormonal delays
45. What term is used to identify an inflammation of the glans penis? Balanitis
46. What is the most common infectious cause of orchitis and one that usually affects post
pubertal boys? Mumps
47. Priapism has been associated with the abuse of what substance? Cocaine
48. With which medical diagnosis is meconium ileus often associated? Cystic fibrosis
49. Which term is used to describe an intestinal obstruction caused by the invagination of the
ileum into the cecum and part of the ascending colon by collapsing through the ileocecal
valve? Intussusception
50. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by which symptom? Excessive mucus production
51. Which medication compensates for the deficiency that occurs as a result of cystic fibrosis?
Pancreatic enzymes
52. What causes a person with cystic fibrosis to experience an exocrine pancreatic
insufficiency? Pancreatic ducts are obstructed with mucus.
53. Which disorder is characterized by damage to the mucosa of the duodenum and jejunum and
impaired secretion of secretin, cholecystokinin [Show Less]