What is gastritis? - CORRECT ANSWER Inflammation of the stomach lining. The lining will be
red and inflamed and irritated
What are the causes of
... [Show More] gastritis? - CORRECT ANSWER Ingestion of irritating substances such a
alcohol, aspirin, NSAIDS, viruses and bacteria
What is GERD? - CORRECT ANSWER the back flow of gastric contents into the esophagus
through the lower esophageal sphincter. The inflammation occurs from the reflex of highly
acidic stomach acid that comes up.
What are the causes of GERD? - CORRECT ANSWER Any condition or agent that alters
closure of the lower esophageal sphincter or increases in abdominal pressure, fatty food,
caffeine, large amounts of alcohol, smoking, pregnancy and anatomical features like hiatal hernia
What are complications of GERD? - CORRECT ANSWER Barrett's esophagus where columnar
tissue replaces normal squamous tissue in the distal esophagus that carries a high risk for cancer.
Progression can lead to ulcers and scarring. Esophageal strictures, pulmonary symptoms such as
cough, asthma and laryngitis from reflux in breathing passages.
What are the signs and symptoms of peptic ulcer disease? - CORRECT ANSWER epigastric
burning pain that is usually relieved by food or antacids (gastric ulcers present on empty stomach
but can be after food, duodenal ulcers present 2-3 hours after food and is relieved by food). Can
also be life threatening as GI bleeding can occur without warning and cause a drop in H/H and
dark tarry stools and hematemesis.
What is the role of H.pylori in peptic ulcer disease? - CORRECT ANSWER promotes both
gastric and duodenal ulcer formation and thrives in acidic areas. It slows down ulcer healing and
can reoccur frequently, and taking it away can help ulcers heal.
What is pseudomembranous colitis?(C.diff) - CORRECT ANSWER acute inflammation and
necrosis of large intestine. The intestinal lining cannot absorb well.
What is the cause of pseudomembranous colitis? - CORRECT ANSWER clostridium difficile,
exposure to long term antibiotics that off set the e.coli and c.diff balance in intestine
What are the manifestations of pseudomembranous colitis? - CORRECT ANSWER foul
smelling/bloody stool, abdominal pain, fever, leukocytosis, sepsis, colonic perforation.
How do we treat pseudomembranous colitis? - CORRECT ANSWER stop current antibiotics,
treat ischemia and contributing conditions, give oral antibiotics like metronidazole or
vancomycin, fecal transplant or colectomy if severe
How do we prevent the spread of pseudomembranous colitis? - CORRECT ANSWER wearing
appropriate PPE and washing hands with soap and water only
What are the signs and symptoms of appendicitis? - CORRECT ANSWER Periumbilical pain,
RLQ pain, presence of a positive McBurneys point with pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea,
RLQ tenderness, systemic signs of infection
How do we assess for appendicitis? - CORRECT ANSWER McBurney's point technique when
pressing on the belly button and RLQ hip region and removing the pressure causes intense pain,
indicates positive appendicitis [Show Less]