NR 508 Week 4 Midterm Exam: Study Guide
Midterm Study Guide
To prepare for the exam, be familiar with the following topics/concepts from the required
... [Show More] readings and lessons:
1. Alarm fatigue
Alarm fatigue- multiple false alarms by smart technology that cause workers to ignore or respond slowly to them. (Y pg. 556)
2. Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDS)-
Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDS)/Clinical decision support system (CDSS)- A computer-based program designed to assist clinical in making clinical decision by filtering or integrating vast amounts of information and providing suggestions for clinical intervention. (Y pg. 559)
3. Cognitive science
Cognitive science- Interdisciplinary field that studies the mind, intelligence, and behavior from an information processing perspective. (Y pg. 560)
4. Computer science
Computer science – Branch of engineering (application of science) that studies the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. The study of storage/memory. Conversion and transformation and transfer or transmission of information in machines that is computers through both algorithms are detailed, unambiguous action sequences in the design, efficiency, and application of computer systems, whereas practical implementation problems deal with the software and hardware.
5. Digital natives
To educate Digital Natives or the Generation Y Group, the format this group would be receptive to would be: Video games
6. Electronic Medical Records (EMRs)/Electronic health records (EHRs) – Computer-based data warehouse or repositories of information regarding the health status of a client, which are replacing the former paper-based medical records; they are the systematic documentation of a client’s health status and health care in a secured digital format, meaning that they can be process, stored, transmitted, and accessed by authorized interdisciplinary professionals for the purpose of supporting efficient, high-quality health care across the client’s healthcare continuum. (Y pg 654)
• These data can be distributed among many caregivers in a standardized format, allowing them to compare and uniformly evaluate patient progress easily.
• An electronic record of patient health information containing care received in all health facilities. This defines: Electronic Health Record
• Online communication among healthcare teams is called: Electronic communication and connectivity
• To ensure the implementation of an Electronic Health Record, it is important for the Nurse Informatics Specialist to incorporate which level of nursing in the implementation process: Registered Nurses
• To incorporate a nationwide E H R the underlying infrastructure will require which of the following changes: Workflow changes in both the clinical area and physicians office.
• To become a successful owner of an E H R in the healthcare organization it requires: the facilities long term vision
• The first step in implementing an E H R into an organization is the vendor selection process. What other factor is included in this first step document deserved functions of an E H R
• To implement an E H R, requires a stretch in the organizations skills and capacity for change but which other factor must be overcome as well Human flexibility factor
• The universal denominator of the eight essential components of an electronic health record as defined by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) is: Patient safety
7. General principles of Nursing Informatics
8. Health Information Technology
Health Information Technology (HIT) – Hardware, software, integrated technologies or related licenses, intellectual property, upgrades, or packaged solutions old as services that are designed for or support the use by healthcare entities or patients for the electronic creation, maintenance, access or exchange of health information. (Y pg. 567)
* To evaluate health information, which of the following is important to address when determining of the information found is accurate: Is the information based on research?
9. Health literacy
Health literacy – The acquisition of knowledge that promotes the ability to understand and to manage one’s health. (Y pg. 567)
Intellectual framework for finding, understanding, evaluating, and using information activities that may be accomplished in part through fluency with information technology and sound investigative methods, but most importantly, through critical reasoning and discernment
• health literacy- Individuals who have the capacity to obtain, process and understand health information is referred to as
10. HITECH Act - Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act (ch1)
Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act – Title XIII pf the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, which was enacted in Feb 2009. Under this act, healthcare organization can qualify for financial incentives based on the level of meaningful used achieve, HITECH Act specifically incentivized health organizations and providers to become “meaning users” (Y pg. 567)
• HITECH Act – Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009 –
Include:
Certified EHR Technology – An electronic health record (EHR) that meets specific governmental standards for the type of record involved, either an ambulatory HER used by office- based healthcare practitioners or an inpatient HER used by hospitals. The specific standards to be met are set forth in federal regulation
Enterprise Integration – Electronically linking healthcare providers, health plans, government, and other interested parties to facilitate electronic exchange and use of health information among all stakeholders.
Healthcare Provider - A qualitied person delivering appropriate health care professionally to an individual group family, community, or population, in need of healthcare services, including hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, nursing home etc…
Health Information Technology (HIT) – Hardware, software, integrated technologies or related licenses, intellectual property, upgrades or package solution sold as services that are designed for or support the use by healthcare entities or patients for the electronic creation maintains, access or exchange of health information.
Qualified Electronic Health Record – An electronic record containing health-related information on an individual which consists of the individual’s demographic and clinical health information including medical history and a list of health problems and supports entry of physician order. A qualitied electronic health records can capture and query information relevant to healthcare quality and exchange electronic health information with and assimilate such information from other sources to provide support for clinical decision making.
11. Human-Technology Interface –
* Using a computer system, a user must be comfortable in utilizing input and output devices. This definition identifies which concept- Human technology interface
Human-Technology Interface- The hardware and software through which the user interacts with any technology Examples: computers, patient’s monitors, telephone). (Y pg. 568)
12. Informatics Competencies
13. Information literacy – Recognizing when information is needed and having the ability to locate, evaluating, and using information. (Y pg. 568)
14. Information Literacy Competency Standards for Nursing
* Nursing Informatics- is a specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, and knowledge in nursing practice
15. Information science- The science of information, studying the application and usage of information and knowledge in organization and the interfacing or interaction between people, organizations, and information systems. An extensive, interdisciplinary science that integrates feature from cognitive science, communication science computer science, library science and social sciences. (Y pg. 568)
16. Knowledge (Y pg. 8) – is based on previous learning and experiences to direct care. The act is called transparent wisdom, Is when
Knowledge- The awareness and understanding of a set of information and ways that information can be made useful to support a specific task or arrive at a decision; abounds with others’ thoughts and information. Information that is synthesized so that relationship is identified and formalized. Understanding that come through a process of interaction or experience with the world around us. Information that has judgement applied to it or meaning extracted from it. Processed information that helps to clarify or explain some portion of our environment or would that we can use as a basis for action or upon which we can act. Internal process of thinking or cognition. Eternal process of testing senses, observation m and interacting.
Knowledge:
• The awareness and understanding of the ways in which information can be made useful to support a specific task or arrive at a decision
• It abounds with others’ thoughts and information or is information that is synthesized so that relationships are identified and formalized.
17. Meaningful Use- (MU) – refers to the rules and regulation established by the ARRA.
Meaningful - electronic health information technology infrastructure that will improve the efficiency and access of healthcare to all Americans
3 stages of MU ere part of an EHR incentive program
1. Focus on data capturing and sharing
2. Focused on advance clinical processes
3. To improve outcomes
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009 specifies 3 main components of meaningful use:
1. Use of a certified electronic health record (EHR) In a meaningful manner, such as e-prescribing
2. Use of certified EHR technology for electronic exchange of health information to improve quality of health care.
3. Use of certified EHR technology to submit clinical quality and other measures.
18. Patient-centered Information Systems (PCIS)- Patient -centered information system focused on collecting data and disseminating information related to direct care. Several of these systems have become mainstream types of system used in health care. The 4 types of system used in health care. (Y pg. 575)
1. Clinical documentation system
2. Pharmacy information system
3. Laboratory information system
4. Radiology information system
19. Scientific Underpinning
20. Standard Terminology – A body of terms used in nursing that is in some way approved by an appropriate authority or by general consent. (Y pg. 580)
• Developing Standardized Terminologies in Nursing Informatics is driven by the following demands: Accessibility, ubiquity, longevity and reusability
• Words or phrases that are presented in a list or a simple order is called: Enumerative approach
• One of the main purposes of the use of nursing terminology- Facilitate systematic evaluation
• Without the use of a standardized nursing terminology, electronic patient records would be: Elementary
• Two models exist for standardized nursing terminology, they are: Nursing diagnosis and nursing action
• Description of entities within a domain and the relationships that hold between them defines the word: Ontologies
• Nursing terminology is defined by all of the following: Data or non-date, concrete or abstract, access and communicate.
21. The Foundation of Knowledge Mode
(Y pg. 18) – Foundication of Knowledge model / conceptual framework – this model is tied to nursing science and the practice of nursing informatics.
22. TIGER-based Nursing Informatics Competencies Model (Y pg. 13)
Tiger initiative – The working of the Technology Informatic Guiding Education Reform Team. This team of nursing leaders developed a vision for utilizing information technology to transform nursing practice. (Y/pg582)
23. Wisdom – Knowledge applied in a practical way or translated into actions; the use of knowledge and experience to heighten common sense and insight so as to exercise sound judgement in practical matters. Sometimes thought of as the highest form of common sense, resulting form accumulated knowledge or erudition (deep, thorough learning) or enlightenment (education that results in understanding and the dissemination of knowledge). Wisdom is the ability to apply valuable and viable knowledge, experience, understanding, and insight while being prudent and sensible. It is focused on our own minds; it is the synthesis of our experience, insight, understanding, and knowledge, Wisdom is the appropriate use of knowledge to solve human problems. It is knowing when and how to apply knowledge. (Y pg. 584)
Wisdom:
• Characteristics of wisdom
− Knowledge applied in a practical way or translated into actions
− Use of knowledge and experience to heighten common sense and insight to exercise sound judgment in practical matters
− Ability to apply valuable and viable knowledge, experience, understanding, and insight while being prudent and sensible
− Knowing when and how to apply knowledge
• The use of knowledge to manage and solve human problems is the definition of Wisdom
• Transparent wisdom- applying knowledge in a practical way or translating knowledge into actions without conscious thought. [Show Less]