Midterm Exam: NR569/ NR 569 (NEW 2024/
2025 Update) Differential Diagnosis in Acute
Care Practicum Review| Questions and
Verified Answers| 100%
... [Show More] Correct – Chamberlain
QUESTION
Erosive esophagitis
Chamberlain
Answer:
associated with epigastric pain, difficulty swallowing, and reflux. Erosive esophagitis can lead
to esophageal bleeding and is commonly associated with heavy alcohol use and NSAIDs.
Patients with esophagitis commonly have dysphagia
characterized by intermittent burning, regurgitation, and substernal pain with typical- ly some
degree of dysphagia. Erosive esophagitis most often occurs as a result of prolonged GERD and
must be definitively diagnosed by endoscopy.
QUESTION
What's the main difference between gastritis and peptic ulcer disease?
Answer:
- Gastritis can progress to peptic ulcer disease when the inflammation of the stomach wall
causes an irritation in the lining of the stomach. This irritation can lead to the formation of an
ulcer. An endoscopy is required to confirm your diagnosis.
Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease have similar clinical presentations and etiology. In both
conditions, damage to the gastrointestinal mucosal lining is often preceded
by an Helicobacter pylori infection. Both disease processes are aggravated by the use of NSAIDs
or caffeine and lessened by antacids. Given the similarities in presentation between gastritis and
peptic ulcer disease, diagnostics are needed to confirm whether an ulcer has formed.
QUESTION
Achalasia
Answer:
characterized by a lack of esophageal peristalsis and/or impaired relaxation of the lower
esophageal sphincter (LES) during swallowing. Heartburn is a common symptom of Achalasia.
QUESTION
Non-ulcer dyspepsia
Answer:
also called functional dyspepsia, is characterized by symptoms of indigestion with no obvious
cause. Epigastric discomfort is a common symptom of this disorder.
characterized by heartburn and upper gastrointestinal symptoms, such as fullness after eating and
early satiety.
QUESTION
Esophageal cancer
Answer:
Esophageal cancer is characterized by malignant cells within the esophagus. Although the
symptoms of esophageal cancer vary and include heartburn, dysphagia is the more typical
symptom.
QUESTION
Hiatal hernia
Answer:
A hiatal hernia is characterized by the prolapse of a portion of the stomach through the
diaphragmatic esophageal hiatus. Although most individuals are asymptomatic, heartburn is a
reported symptom.
QUESTION
GERD treatment
Answer:
Lifestyle Modification: Clothing, Weight loss, Symptom Jour- nal, Waiting three hours after a
meal before lying down and raising the head of
the bed by 8 inches. avoiding large or high-fat meals not eating before bedtime eliminating
alcohol consumption which can damage the mucosa due to acidity avoiding foods associated
with GERD, such as caffeine, mints, chocolate, spicy and
acidic foods, and carbonated beverages.
Pharmacologic Therapy: PPIs are the front-line and most commonly prescribed medication for
the treatment of GERD and other acid-related disorders such as erosive esophagitis. Popular
options include Omeprazole (Prilosec), lansoprazole (Prevacid), and Esomeprazole (Nexium).
QUESTION
Red flags for GERD
Answer:
severe or persistent dyspepsia, difficulty swallowing, unexplained weight loss, gastrointestinal
bleeding, persistent or protracted vomiting, severe coughing spells, [Show Less]