Final Exam: NR569/ NR 569 (NEW 2024/
2025 Update) Differential Diagnosis in Acute
Care Practicum Review| Questions and
Verified Answers| 100% Correct
... [Show More] – Chamberlain
Chamberlain
QUESTION
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD)
Answer:
- A condition in which pupils respond differently to light stimuli shone in one at a time due to
unilateral or asymmetrical disease of the retina or optic nerve.
- RAPD is assessed using the swinging penlight technique: A bright light source is directed back
and forth at each eye. The eye with the afferent defect will paradoxically dilate when exposed to
light after it had previously constricted consensually to the same light applied to the other eye.
QUESTION
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Answer:
- The sudden blockage of the central retinal artery, resulting in retinal hypoperfusion, rapidly
progressive cellular damage, and vision loss.
- REFER - This condition is an ophthalmic emergency. Prompt ophthalmology referral is
required.
QUESTION
Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
Answer:
- An ocular emergency that results from a rapid increase in intraocular pressure due to outflow
obstruction of aqueous humor.
- REFER - This condition is an ophthalmic emergency. Prompt ophthalmology referral is
required.
QUESTION
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
Answer:
- An eye condition that affects the retina - the light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of the
eye. It happens when a blood clot blocks the main vein where blood flows out of the retina. It
usually only affects one eye.
- REFER - This condition is an ophthalmic emergency. Prompt ophthalmology referral is
required.
QUESTION
Hyphema
Answer:
- Defined as accumulated red blood cells (RBCs) in the anterior chamber of the eye. Blood must
be grossly visible, either on direct inspection or slit-lamp examination. Blood accumulates from
disruption of the vessels of the iris or ciliary body, usually due to trauma or underlying medical
conditions.
- REFER - Hyphema is typically caused by trauma. Assess for other eye trauma and consider a
CT scan to assess the orbit. Ophthalmology referral is appropriate for ongoing monitoring of
ocular pressure.
QUESTION
Retinal Detachment
Answer:
- An eye problem that happens when the retina (the light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of
the eye) is pulled away from its normal position at the back of your eye.
- REFER - This condition is an ophthalmic emergency. Prompt ophthalmology referral is
required.
QUESTION
Miosis
Answer:
- An abnormal condition characterized by excessive constriction of the sphincter muscle of the
iris, resulting in pinpoint pupils.
QUESTION
Corneal Ulcer
Answer:
- A defect in the surface of the epithelium of the cornea that involves the underlying stroma.
- Corneal ulcers may cause severe and permanent vision loss.
- REFER - The patient must be seen the same day by an ophthalmologist for culture of the
corneal surface and broad-spectrum topical antibiotic therapy to prevent corneal perforation and
endophthalmitis, which frequently will lead to to loss of an eye.
QUESTION
Stroma
Answer:
- The supporting tissue or the matrix of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma (the
functional tissue or cells of an organ or gland)
QUESTION
Atopy
Answer:
- Atopy refers to the genetic tendency to develop allergic diseases such [Show Less]