Scurvy
Vitamin C deficiency (aka ascorbic acid)
BeriBeri
Thiamin (B1) deficiency
Anemia
Iron deficiency (or B6, B12, or
... [Show More] folate)
Infectious diseases
HIV, Aids, diarrheal diseases
Hereditary diseases
sickle cell, Downs syndrome, hemophilia, cystic fibrosis
Chronic diseases
genetics and nutrition play a role, develop over a lifetime: diabetes, cancer, obesity, CVD, arthritis
Macronutrients
Carbohydrates (4kcal/g), proteins (4kcal/g), lipids (9kcal/g), water
Micronutrients
Vitamins, minerals
Calorie
the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 liter of water 1 degree centigrade
Non-nutrients
alcohol, phytochemicals, antioxidants, zoochemicals
nutrient dense foods
foods abundant in nutrients with minimal kcals (healthy)
energy dense foods
foods abundant in kcals with minimal nutrients (unhealthy)
whole foods provide more _________ than supplements
nonnutrients (antioxidants and phytochemicals)
Are supplements regulated by the FDA?
No
Which U.S. federal agency enforces consumer protection laws and investigates complaints about false or misleading health claims that are used in advertising?
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
specially-trained, college-educated, health care professionals who have extensive knowledge of foods, nutrition, and dietetics.
RDN
Organic farming
no synthetic fertilizers or antibiotics
Dietary Reference Intakes
an umbrella term that covers a group of nutrient recommendations
Exceeding this recommended value of a nutrient will increase the risk of a toxicity disorder
Upper Limit (UL)
The average caloric intake for healthy people who are maintaining their weight.
Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)
When there is not sufficient research to make a definitive recommendation, this amount appears to maintain good health.
Adequate Intake (AI)
This amount meets the nutrient needs for almost everyone in a particular age and life stage group.
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
What 3 groups might need to take supplements because they need more than the AI or RDA levels?
Children with chronic diseases, pregnant women, older adults
Acidophilus
may restore balance of beneficial bacteria in intestinal tract
Coenzyme Q-10
may benefit immune system
Echinacea
Mixed scientific evidence to support common cold prevention claims
Fish Oils
may provide mild relief from symptoms from rheumatoid arthritis
Ginger
safely reduces nausea and morning sickness
Mediterranean Diet
1. Fruits, veggies, olive oil, wholegrains, beans, nuts, legumes, herbs and spices
2. Fish and seafood
3. Poultry, eggs, cheese and yogurt
4. Meats and sweets
The amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular sex/age group.
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) [Show Less]