FTCE Exceptional Student Education K-12
(Competency 5)
Q&A
Receptive Language - Answer-Refers to the ability to understand language. (Ability to
... [Show More] understand speech,
written text, and/or the elements of a sign language).
Expressive Language - Answer-Refers to the ability to express oneself using language. (Ability to speak,
write, and/or sign).
Phonology - Answer-Refers to speech sounds.
Phoneme - Answer-Each phoneme in s language consists of a distinct sound used to distinguish spoken
words in the language. The English language contains 45 phonemes.
Semantic - Answer-Refers to the MEANING of parts of words, words, sentences, and larger units.
Vocabulary acquisition is an important part of semantic development, involving changes in both expressive
and receptive language.
Grammar - Answer-Refers to rules that govern the structure of language. Grammar can be further divided
into 2 systems of rules, syntax and morphology.
Syntax - Answer-Pertains to rules governing the placement of words in phrases, clauses, and sentences.
(Example: "Steve here is now" should be "Steve is here now").
Morphology - Answer-Refers to rules governing the use of MORPHEMES, the smallest parts of words that
contribute to meaning. In English, for example, the verb, "learn" takes on somewhat different meanings
depending on whether we refer to someone as "relearning," "unlearning," "learning," or "having learned,"
because the prefixes "re-" and "un-" and the suffixes "-ing" and "-ed" each modify the basic meaning of the
verb. These prefixes and suffixes are morphemes. Also ending words with "s" to make them plural is as
well.
Pragmatics - Answer-Defined as whatever contributes to meaning over and above the literal meaning of the
words that are used.
Contextual information often provides important clues to meaning.
Differing tones of voice often convey important differences in meaning.
When language is used in a figurative way, as in the case of metaphor or analogy, the intended meaning of
a phrase differs from the literal meaning.
There are many conventions governing word choice in communicative contexts, such as how much
information to convey, or what level of formality is needed.
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