Competency 1 FTCE ESE, FTCE Exceptional
Student Education K-12 (Competency 7), FTCE
ESE certification 17 study guide pt 7, FTCE COMP
8, FTCE (Compete... [Show More] ncy 1), FTCE (Competency 4),
FTCE (Competency 2), FTCE COMPETENCY 4,
Competency 3- Instructional Deli...
2023 Update (A+)
Procedural Safeguards - ANSWER-Consist of a set of rules and procedures that protect the rights and
interests of parents and their children with disabilities.
-Parents must receive notice in advance of any testing on their child.
-Parental consent is required prior to any actions pertaining to the child and sharing info outside of the
district.
-Parents are entitled to see their child's records at anytime.
-Mediation will be provided to parents who have complaints, or who cannot agree with the IEP team on
planning or services for their children.
Confidentiality - ANSWER-IEPs must be kept confidential.
Transition planning - ANSWER-Free appropriate education (FAPE) requirement of IDEA was extended in
the 2004 reauthorization to include not just education experiences but to look into preparation for life after
K-12. Such as additional education and training, employment opportunities, and independent living.
Due Process - ANSWER-Refers to the principles that attempt to guarantee the rights of citizens. The rights
and responsibilities that IDEA accords to parents, children, and schools are complex.
Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) - ANSWER-Similar to an IEP. Contains detailed information on
the child's current level of functioning and goals. The only difference is the IFSP is written for age birth to
three.
Age of majority - ANSWER-Age which someone becomes a legal adult, 18.
Transition Planning - ANSWER-The supports and services that are designed to help students with
disabilities shift from life in a secondary school environment to adult life in the community. IDEA requires
this to be coordinated by the IEP team, which includes the student and the parents. IDEA requires that
when a student with a disability turns 16, if not earlier, the student's IEP must include a description of goals
for employment, education, and other significant dimensions of post secondary life.
Transition Services - ANSWER-Consist of a set of activities that facilitate transition. They must reflect the
following:
○ Must be coordinated, in the sense of converging on common goals (independent living) rather than
being separate activities.
○ Must be tailored to the individual student (based on the transition assessments noted above).
○ Must be results-oriented and foster the development of academic and adaptive life skills that will help
students become engaged in a variety of personal, social, educational, and occupational activities following
school.
○ May consist of instruction, community experiences, employment assistance, post secondary adult living
support, and so on.
4 Stages of Career Development - ANSWER-Career Awareness, Career Exploration, Career Preparation,
and Career Placement.
Career Awareness - ANSWER-Students become more aware of the purpose of work and of the existence
of an increasing number of different types of jobs.
Career Exploration - ANSWER-Students become increasingly knowledgable about the characteristics,
social importance, and interconnectedness of different types of jobs.
Career Preparation - ANSWER-Students acquire more detailed information about job opportunities and
how various educational and vocational training experiences might prepare them for these jobs.
Career Placement - ANSWER-Students acquire jobs through their own efforts and with support from the
IEP team, school staff, and possibly also community agencies such as the vocational rehabilitation agency.
Independent Living Centers - ANSWER-Are local, nonresidential agencies that help individuals with
disabilities lead self-sufficient lives.
Vocational Rehabilitation Agency - ANSWER-A federal- and state-funded agency that provides
employment-related services to students who qualify. In Florida it's called the Florida Department of
Education's Division of Vocational Rehabilitation. It provides the following services:
○ Career counseling and guidance
○ Resume development
○ Postsecondary training and education
○ Job placement
○ Job coaching and training
○ Assistive technology
○ Supported employment
Supported Employment - ANSWER-Is a community-based approach to promoting the employment of
individuals with disabilities in integrated settings (those in which a substantial number of employees do not
have disabilities) through various kinds of support.
IPS-Individual Placement and Support - ANSWER-Approach, supported employment teams housed within
community agencies provide coordinated services to individuals with disabilities, beginning with the
development of a plan for seeking employment, and continuing with job search assistance, interview
training, and on-the-job support.
Which is NOT a correct guideline when using manipulatives? - ANSWER-teacher demonstration with
manipulatives as students observe
Focusing on text structure helps students set up a framework to organize the information that students will
be reading. One very effective way to focus on text structure is to use - ANSWER-graphic organizers
A text strategy used to compare and contrast characters, events, and/or settings is a - ANSWER-Venn
diagram
Which statement is NOT a step for explicitly pre-teaching vocabulary words? - ANSWER-Vocabulary words
are displayed on word cards or on a vocabulary chart.
Mrs. Jones blocks out 20 minutes for word study every day. She models skills and strategies that children
need to decipher unknown words, explains why it is important to learn the skill or strategy, and guides
students in their acquisition of the skill or strategy. What instructional method is she implementing? -
ANSWER-explicit instruction
The Common Core State Standards were built on international benchmarks and enable out students
_________________________. - ANSWER-To compete with peers on both national and international
levels.
Jane Saunders, a second-grade teacher, has a room filled with print that interests students and is readily
available to them. She plans times when students can engage in recreational reading. She models by
reading aloud to students daily. She is implementing effective reading instruction by - ANSWERestablishing an environment to promote reading.
The process of focusing common core curriculum on predetermined goals or benchmarks that identify the
content students should understand and the skills they should have after completing an area of study is
best described as __________. - ANSWER-standards-based education
All of the following apply to evidence-based practices EXCEPT: - ANSWER-practices based on personal
experience, opinion, and preference
One of the major obstacles in evaluating student progress is - ANSWER-planning and organizing an
evaluation system
Sarah exhibits social skills difficulties in her first-grade classroom. She often displays defiant behavior
toward other students and lashes out verbally or physically when she becomes frustrated. Her language
skills are delayed for her age. She sees a speech-language therapist twice a week in a small group for
assistance with language and social skills. The type of support she receives from the speech-language
therapist is considered - ANSWER-specialized instruction
Which of the following refers to the use of a variety of grouping practices that change depending on the
goals and objectives for the lesson? - ANSWER-flexible grouping
Patrick is a first grader who struggles with math. When he gets frustrated, he provokes other children in
class by hitting and biting. Before each in-class math assignment, the teacher calls Patrick up to her desk
and reminds him of how well he did on the previous assignment and shows him a graph of his improved
grades. She provides him with a modified assignment and then has him sit with a math buddy. Patrick's
teach reduces his undesired behavior by - ANSWER-manipulating antecedents
Documents published by states that typically include common core standards, learning activities, and
performance expectations for students are best described as______________. - ANSWER-common core
curriculum guides
Silvia frequently laughs out loud at inappropriate times during class discussion. She likes the reaction of her
students and her teacher when they look at her and scold her to be quiet. Her teacher ignores those
outbursts and also advises the students to ignore those who interrupt discussion. To eliminate Silvia's
behavior, the teacher is using - ANSWER-extinction
By focusing on the essential knowledge and skills for success in life, the Common Core State Standards
address which two major issues in the U.S.? - ANSWER-Growing number of college students in need of
remedial courses and growing skills gap in our workforce.
Mr. Rhodes is a tenth-grade social studies teacher. His state requires that all thenth-grade students take a
social studies achievement test at the end of the year. The scores of students at his school have been poor
in the past and Mr. Rhodes is under pressure from the principal to raise the scores. He covers a large
amount of material each day to prepare his students for this test and some of his struggling students are
falling behind. What barrier to successful inclusion is Mr. Rhodes experiencing? - ANSWER-content versus
accommodation
If student assessment shows that co-teaching for a particular group of students is not effective, what is the
next best course of action? - ANSWER-Increase the intensity of instruction by decreasing the teacherstudents ratio (e.g. more small-group support).
A tenth-grade student with intellectual disabilities attends the district's vocational training program. The
student is initially placed at a workstation that measures the speed and accuracy of sorting and classifying
skills. What activity is this an example of? - ANSWER-performance-based assessment
What level of text should be used for repeated reading? - ANSWER-instructional level
What is the primary reason to use the Internet for educational purposes? - ANSWER-Students spend less
time in the classroom completing course work at their convenience.
Which commonality does not describe someone as having emotional disorders/behavioral disorders? -
ANSWER-behaviors falls at the lower range of the norm
A functional behavior assessment (FBA) - ANSWER-identifies and addresses the needs of students with
emotional or behavioral disorders
Assessment procedures are typically administered in a certain order. Identify the answer choice that lists
these procedures in the correct order. - ANSWER-general interviews, use of rating scales, problem
identification/problem analysis interview, observation
Making a positive phone call to a parent is an example of a(n) - ANSWER-social reinforcer
Services that are coordinated through school, home, and community settings are described as - ANSWERwraparound processes
Which is NOT considered a step in teaching cognitive behavior management strategies? - ANSWERclearly specifying the expectations for the student
Which would NOT be an effective strategy when working with students with emotional and behavioral
disorders? - ANSWER-Be stern and never laugh
A manifestation determination is a review of - ANSWER-the relationship between a student's disability and
misconduct
According to section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Public Law 93-112), which of the following is
true? - ANSWER-Students do not need to be enrolled in special education to receive related services
What laws require school-based teams to use positive behavior interventions and supports, and to move
away from reliance on punishment when addressing problem behavior? - ANSWER-IDEA 1997 and IDEA
2004
If Jonas arrives to school with a weapon and is suspended, what is the length of time Jonas can be placed
in an appropriate interim alternative education setting? - ANSWER-45 days
The behavioral criteria of an objective should be based mainly on - ANSWER-baseline data
During a momentary time sample, the observer records - ANSWER-the behavior every time it occurs in a
specific time period
A graph that displays the data over time by adding each day to previous ones is called - ANSWERcumulative graph
Functional behavioral assessment provides the information needed to increase the likelihood that an
intervention will be successful. Which of the following best describes the functional assessment? -
ANSWER-the behavior of concern, where the behaviors can occur, consequences that maintain the
behaviors, and data that support the hypotheses
When discussing positive behavior support and functional behavioral assessment, teachers view the
students in which of the following ways? - ANSWER-in relationship to the factors that influence the
behavior
Which of the following behaviors warrant a behavior change program? - ANSWER-lack of attention to taks
Carmen, a student in Mr. Tanaka's class, is constantly asking, "What time is it?" She does this about fifteen
times a day. Mr. Tanaka considers this to be attention -getting behavior and wishes to eliminate it. He
usually responds to Carmen's request by telling her the time. Using the example of Carmen which of the
interventions do you think will be the most effective? - ANSWER-differential reinforcement
Teaching for automaticity means - ANSWER-giving enough practice so that students are able to read both
accurately and fluently
phonological awareness - ANSWER-the ability to reflect on and manipulate the sound structure of spoken
language
Blending - ANSWER-Component of fluency that requires students to blend together phonemes to form
words
Onset - ANSWER-Beginning sound of word
Rime - ANSWER-Ending sound of word
Alphabetic Principle - ANSWER-The understanding that words are made up of letters and letters represent
sounds.
Phonemic Awareness - ANSWER-A skill in which a student is able to hear syllables and words are
composed of blended phoneme
Phonics - ANSWER-the sounds that letters make and the letters that are used to represent sounds
Print Awareness - ANSWER-Able to do book orientation, read left to right and continuing to move on next
line after sentence
National Reading Council 'Big 5' - ANSWER-Phonemic awareness, phonics instruction, fluency,
comprehension, and vocabulary
Pragmatics - ANSWER-How context contributes to meaning of a word
Semantics - ANSWER-Meaning of words and sentences
Word awareness - ANSWER-Knowledge of words have meaning
Denotation - ANSWER-the literal meaning of a word
Connotation - ANSWER-Implied meaning of words
Realia - ANSWER-Concrete objects that draw meaning to the students
Total Physical Response - ANSWER-Language teaching device that blends physical movement with
language acquisition
expository text - ANSWER-Based on importance of text features such as headings, graphs, etc.
Content-area text - ANSWER-Understanding vocabulary based on context
Fluency - ANSWER-The ability to read quickly, accurately, and with proper expression.
Automacity - ANSWER-Automatic word recognition
Rate - ANSWER-Speed at which child reads
Prosody - ANSWER-the study of sound and rhythm
Frustration Level - ANSWER-More than five errors per 100 words
Instructional level - ANSWER-Two to five errors & 80 % comprehension
Independent level - ANSWER-Missed one or less words & 100 % comprehension
zone of proximal development - ANSWER-Student would be successful to have slightly challenging reading
selections with help from experienced peer or adult
Stages of writing - ANSWER-Pre writing, Planning, Rough Draft, Revise and edit, Final Draft
Learning cycle model - ANSWER-Engagement Exploration Explanation Elaboration
Evaluation
E-Search
Lesson Model - ANSWER-Focus
Objective
Direct Instruction
Guided Practice
Independent Practice & Assessment
Closure
Equipment and Materials
Individualized Education Program - ANSWER-Program designed for individual student learning with
disabilities
Bloom Taxonomy - ANSWER-Cognitive
Affective
Psychomotor
Cognitive - ANSWER-Objectives that focus on thinking
Affective - ANSWER-Objectives focus on feelings, values, and dispositions
Psychomotor - ANSWER-Objecrives that focus on manual, athletic, and other physical skills
Cooperative Learning - ANSWER-Team recognition, individual accountability and equal opportunities
Cooperative Learning Strategies - ANSWER-Think, Pair, Share
Jigsawing
Corners
Direct instruction - ANSWER-Teacher-centered instruction
Problem-based learning - ANSWER-Student centered pedagogy in students leatn a subject through
problem solving
Simulation - ANSWER-Tool which focused in imitating an operation of a real-world process or system
Culturally Responsive Classroom - ANSWER-Presence of culturally diverse students with curriculum to
help them.
Learning Styles - ANSWER-Visual
Aural
Verbal
Physical
Logical
Social
Solitary
Howard Gardner - ANSWER-Multiple Intelligences
Multiple Intelligences - ANSWER-Theoretical framework for defining, understanding, assessing, and
developing learner's different intelligence factors.
Brain Hemispheres - ANSWER-Left- academic and logical side
Right- artistic and creative sides
Multiculturalism - ANSWER-View that cultural differences should be respected
Bloom's Taxonomy Steps - ANSWER-Creating
Evaluating
Analyzing
Applying
Understanding
Remembering
Piaget's stages of growth - ANSWER-Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete operational
Formal operational
Sensorimotor - ANSWER-18-24 months. Beginning aware only of what is in front. Later gain object
permanence
Object permanence - ANSWER-Realizing an objecy exists even though not visible
Preoperational Stage - ANSWER-Months to 7 year old. Develop memory and imagination.
Concrete Operational Stage - ANSWER-7-12 years old. More aware of world around them. Logical thinking
and realize feelings and thoughts are unique.
Formal Operational Stage - ANSWER-Adolescence to Adulthood. Think of abstract concepts, form
hypotheses, accumulation of knowledge.
DOK 1 - ANSWER-Recall and Reproduction
DOK 2 - ANSWER-Skills and Concepts
DOK 3 - ANSWER-Strategic Thinking
DOK 4 - ANSWER-Extended Thinking
Jerome Bruner - ANSWER-Father of cognitive psychology. Learning comes from concepts, skills, and
problem-solving. Students aimed to invent things for themselves.
Deductive thinking - ANSWER-Take one or more general statements to work way down to get a specific
conclusion
Inductive thinking - ANSWER-Get specific facts and used to develop general conclusion
Creative thinking - ANSWER-Produce original creative material
Cognitive thinking - ANSWER-Requires academic skills such as remembering, visually processing material,
and reasoning
Parallel thinking - ANSWER-Students work together to address a subject rather than argue against each
other
Convergent thinking - ANSWER-Requires lower level thinking skills
Divergent thinking - ANSWER-Requires critical thinking.
Tier 1,2,3 - ANSWERAchievement test - ANSWER-Standardized test designed to efficiently measure the amount of knowledge
and/or skill a person has acquired
Alternative Assessment - ANSWER-Focus on open ended questions, work out solutions, perform
demonstration
Anecdotal records - ANSWER-Type of informal evaluation
Assessment - ANSWER-Process of observing learning, collecting, recording, scoring, and interpreting
information about a student's or one's own learning
Analytical scoring - ANSWER-Type of rubric scoring that separates the whole into categories of criteria that
are examined one at a time
Authentic assessment - ANSWER-Evaluates by asking for the behavior that the learning is intended to
produce, ideally mirroring and measuring student performance in a 'real-world' context.
Benchmark - ANSWER-Student performance standards
Cognitive objective - ANSWER-A learning objective that had three main components: the condition,
behavior, and degree
Competency test - ANSWER-Test intended to establish that a student has met established minimum
standards of skills and knowledge and is thus eligible for promotion, graduation, certification
Constructive-response questions - ANSWER-Question that requires students to construct or create
something to answer the question rather than choosing from a given list
Criterion-referenced test - ANSWER-A test in which results can be used to determine a student's progress
toward mastery of a content area.
Curriculum alignment - ANSWER-Degree to which a curriculum's scope and sequence matches a testing
program's evaluation measures
Essay test - ANSWER-Test that requires students to answer question in writing
Evaluatoon - ANSWER-Both qualitative and quantitive descriptions of progress towards and attainment of
project goals
Formative assessment - ANSWER-Assessment occurring during the process of a unit or a course
High stakes testinf - ANSWER-Testing program whose results have important consequences for students,
teachers, schools, and districts.
Holistic method - ANSWER-Assigning a single score based on an overall assessment of performance
rather than by scoring or analyzing dimensions individually.
Item analysis - ANSWER-Analyzing each item on a test to determine the proportions of students selecting
each answer
Journals - ANSWER-Students personal records and reactions to various aspects of learning and
developing ideas
Mastery test - ANSWER-Assessment that shows mastery of a given skill or concept
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