Exam 2: NSG123/ NSG 123 (NEW 2024/ 2025
Update) Med Surg 1| Review with Questions
and Verified Answers| 100% Correct-
Herzing
QUESTION
What
... [Show More] medication is used for severe IBD?
Answer:
Oral Corticosteroids - First Line Treatment Medication
QUESTION
When would anti-peristaltic medications be used in IBD?
Answer:
Sedatives, antidiarrheal, anti-peristaltic medications are used to minimize peristalsis in order to
rest the inflamed bowel. They are continued until the patient's stools approach normal frequency
and consistency.
QUESTION
When would antibiotics be used in IBD?
Answer:
Antibiotics (e.g., metronidazole [Flagyl]) are used for complications such as abscesses or fistula
formation.
QUESTION
Barrett's Esophagus: Definition
Answer:
A condition in which the lining of the esophageal mucosa is altered and occurs in association
with GERD.
QUESTION
Barrett's Esophagus: What can Develop as a Result Long Term?
Answer:
Reflux eventually causes changes in the cells lining the lower esophagus. The cells that are laid
to cover the exposed area no longer form the normal, squamous mucosa, but instead form
columnar-lined epithelium that resembles the intestines. BE is the only known precursor to
esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).
QUESTION
Definition of GERD
Answer:
A fairly common disorder marked by back flow of gastric or duodenal contents into the
esophagus that causes troublesome symptoms and/or mucosal injury to the esophagus. Excessive
reflux may occur because of an incompetent lower esophageal sphincter, pyloric stenosis, hiatal
hernia, or a motility disorder.
QUESTION
Management of GERD and What should the Patient Avoid
Answer:
Management begins with educating the patient to avoid situations that decrease lower esophageal
sphincter pressure or cause esophageal irritation.
The patient is instructed to eat a low-fat diet; avoid caffeine, tobacco, beer, milk, foods
containing peppermint or spearmint, and carbonated beverages; avoid eating or drinking 2 hours
before bedtime; maintain normal body weight; avoid tight-fitting clothes; and elevate the head of
the bed by at least 30 degrees
QUESTION
Nursing Interventions that Patient can do to Reduce GERD Symptoms
Answer:
· Encouraging adequate nutritional intake
· Decreasing risk of aspiration
· Relieving pain
· Providing patient education
· Promoting home, community-based, and transitional care
QUESTION
What medication requires a serum lab value check before administering?
Answer:
Magnesium hydroxide/aluminum hydrate (MAALOX) to avoid hypermagnesemia
QUESTION
H2RA/Antacid (PPIs): Indications, Side Effects, and Action
Answer:
H2RA
-Indications: Ulcers
-SE: Loss of protective flora and an increased risk of infection, esp C. diff
-Action: decrease gastric acid production
Antacid (PPIs)
-Indications: Ulcers
-SE: Loss of protective flora and an increased risk of infection, esp C. diff.
May increase risk of hip fractures and interfere with some vitamin and mineral absorption (B12,
iron, Mg).
-Action: decrease gastric acid production [Show Less]